World Population Monitoring 2003

The 2003 edition of this UN annual report on population matters focuses on the links between population, education and development issues, including trends in the total and school-age populations, school enrolment, literacy and educational attainment; education and entry into reproductive life; the interrelationships between education and fertility; education, health and mortality; education and international migration. The report also examines progress towards meeting the goals endorsed by the World Conference on Education for All including actions to tackle rates of illiteracy, gender inequalities and lack of access to primary education.

As requested by the Economic and Social Council, the Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, annually prepares the world population monitoring report on the topic of that year's session of the Commission. The fullreport is accompanied by a summarized version, the "concise report".The report covers topics such as trends in population, education and development; education and entry into reproductive life; the interrelationships between education and fertility; education, health and mortality; and education and international migration. The report finds that education plays a key role in national development, besides being a prime component of individual well-being.

The 2003 edition of this UN annual report on population matters focuses on the links between population, education and development issues, including trends in the total and school-age populations, school enrolment, literacy and educational attainment; education and entry into reproductive life; the interrelationships between education and fertility; education, health and mortality; education and international migration. The report also examines progress towards meeting the goals endorsed by the World Conference on Education for All including actions to tackle rates of illiteracy, gender inequalities and lack of access to primary education.

Based on the 2002 Revision, the Population Division has adopted 2 major innovations for this new set of long-range population projections. For the first time the long-range projections are made at the national level and the time horizon for the projections is extended to 2300.

Where are people migrating today and why? What are the implications for the world's developing and industrialized economies? And what are the key issues facing policy makers in migrant origin, destination, and transit countries? World Migration 2005 analyses the effects of globalization, trade liberalization, economic integration and the widening gap between rich and poor nations on migration flows. It looks at the impact of the world's 185 million migrants and their potential contribution to socioeconomic development and cultural enrichment both at home and abroad. And it identifies the multidimensional migration management policies needed by governments to create the optimal return to both migrants and society, while minimizing the abuses associated with irregular migration.

As is now generally accepted mankind’s burning of fossil fuels has resulted in the mass transfer of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, a modification of the delicately-balanced global carbon cycle, and a measurable change in world-wide temperatures and climate. Although not the most powerful greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO) drives climate 2 change due to the enormous volumes of this gas pumped into the atmosphere every day. Produced in almost equal parts by the transportation, industrial and energy-generating sectors, atmospheric CO concentrations have 2 increased by about 50% over the last 300 years, and according to some sources are predicted to increase by up to 200% over pre-industrial levels during the next 100 years. If we are to reverse this trend, in order to prevent significant environmental change in the future, action must be taken immediately. While reduced use of fossil fuels (through conservation, increased efficiency and expanded use of renewable energy sources) must be our ultimate goal, short to medium term solutions are needed which can make an impact today. Various types of CO storage techniques have been proposed to fill this 2 need, with the injection of this gas into deep geological reservoirs being one of the most promising. For example this approach has the potential to become a closed loop system, whereby underground energy resources are brought to surface, their energy extracted (via burning or hydrogen extraction), and the resulting by-products returned to the subsurface.

Current demographic trends raise new questions, challenges and controversies. Comparing demographic trends in Europe and the NAME-region (North Africa and the Middle East), this book demonstrates how population change interacts with changing economic landscapes, social distinctions and political realities. A variety of drivers contribute to demographic change in the various regions and countries considered, such as family policies, economic realities, the impact of educational differentials and the attitudes towards marriage. On the macro-level the new trends are restructuring the age composition of populations and are reshaping the life courses of individuals and families. In turn, the impact demographic forces have on the organisation of labour markets, on fiscal policies, on the care of the elderly, on migration flows and on political changes can be quite radical. Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781472439543_oachapter1.pdf

This report presents information on international migration levels and policies for major areas, regions and countries of the world. The data for the international migrant stock presented in this report are based on the database Trends in Total Migrant Stock: the 2005 Revision, which was issued by the Population Division in 2006. In order to maintain full consistency with the indicators contained in this database, the estimates on the total population, net migration and the projected population in 2050 in this report were derived from World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision. For many of the countries, information on international migration is sufficient to provide a reasonable basis for levels, trends and policies. For some countries, however, the information is very limited or unavailable, and in such cases, imputations were made.