5g Physical Layer

5G Physical Layer: Principles, Models and Technology Components explains fundamental physical layer design principles, models and components for the 5G new radio access technology – 5G New Radio (NR). The physical layer models include radio wave propagation and hardware impairments for the full range of frequencies considered for the 5G NR (up to 100 GHz). The physical layer technologies include flexible multi-carrier waveforms, advanced multi-antenna solutions, and channel coding schemes for a wide range of services, deployments, and frequencies envisioned for 5G and beyond. A MATLAB-based link level simulator is included to explore various design options. 5G Physical Layer is very suitable for wireless system designers and researchers: basic understanding of communication theory and signal processing is assumed, but familiarity with 4G and 5G standards is not required. With this book the reader will learn: The fundamentals of the 5G NR physical layer (waveform, modulation, numerology, channel codes, and multi-antenna schemes). Why certain PHY technologies have been adopted for the 5G NR. The fundamental physical limitations imposed by radio wave propagation and hardware impairments. How the fundamental 5G NR physical layer functionalities (e.g., parameters/methods/schemes) should be realized. The content includes: A global view of 5G development – concept, standardization, spectrum allocation, use cases and requirements, trials, and future commercial deployments. The fundamentals behind the 5G NR physical layer specification in 3GPP. Radio wave propagation and channel modeling for 5G and beyond. Modeling of hardware impairments for future base stations and devices. Flexible multi-carrier waveforms, multi-antenna solutions, and channel coding schemes for 5G and beyond. A simulator including hardware impairments, radio propagation, and various waveforms. Ali Zaidi is a strategic product manager at Ericsson, Sweden. Fredrik Athley is a senior researcher at Ericsson, Sweden. Jonas Medbo and Ulf Gustavsson are senior specialists at Ericsson, Sweden. Xiaoming Chen is a professor at Xi’an Jiaotong University, China. Giuseppe Durisi is a professor at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, and a guest researcher at Ericsson, Sweden.

Written in a clear and concise manner, this book presents readers with an in-depth discussion of the 5G technologies that will help move society beyond its current capabilities. It perfectly illustrates how the technology itself will benefit both individual consumers and industry as the world heads towards a more connected state of being. Every technological application presented is modeled in a schematic diagram and is considered in depth through mathematical analysis and performance assessment. Furthermore, published simulation data and measurements are checked. Each chapter of 5G Physical Layer Technologies contains texts, mathematical analysis, and applications supported by figures, graphs, data tables, appendices, and a list of up to date references, along with an executive summary of the key issues. Topics covered include: the evolution of wireless communications; full duplex communications and full dimension MIMO technologies; network virtualization and wireless energy harvesting; Internet of Things and smart cities; and millimeter wave massive MIMO technology. Additional chapters look at millimeter wave propagation losses caused by atmospheric gases, rain, snow, building materials and vegetation; wireless channel modeling and array mutual coupling; massive array configurations and 3D channel modeling; massive MIMO channel estimation schemes and channel reciprocity; 3D beamforming technologies; and linear precoding strategies for multiuser massive MIMO systems. Other features include: In depth coverage of a hot topic soon to become the backbone of IoT connecting devices, machines, and vehicles Addresses the need for green communications for the 21st century Provides a comprehensive support for the advanced mathematics exploited in the book by including appendices and worked examples Contributions from the EU research programmes, the International telecommunications companies, and the International standards institutions (ITU; 3GPP; ETSI) are covered in depth Includes numerous tables and illustrations to aid the reader Fills the gap in the current literature where technologies are not explained in depth or omitted altogether 5G Physical Layer Technologies is an essential resource for undergraduate and postgraduate courses on wireless communications and technology. It is also an excellent source of information for design engineers, research and development engineers, the private-public research community, university research academics, undergraduate and postgraduate students, technical managers, service providers, and all professionals involved in the communications and technology industry.

This book covers the key technologies associated with the physical transmission of data on fifth generation (5G) mobile systems. Following an overview of these technologies, a high-level description of 3GPP’s mobile communications standard (5G NR) is given and it is shown how the key technologies presented earlier facilitate the transmission of control data and very high-speed user data. In the final chapter, an overview and the physical layer aspects of 5G NR enabled Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) networks is presented. This book is intended for those practicing engineers and graduate and upper undergraduate engineering students who have an interest in 3GPP’s 5G enabled mobile and or FWA networks and want to acquire, where missing, the necessary technology background in order to understand 3GPP’s physical layer specifications and operation. Provides a comprehensive covering of key 3GPP 5G NR physical layer technologies, presented in a clear, tractable fashion, with sufficient mathematics to make it technically coherent; Addresses all key 5G NR technologies, including digital modulation, LDPC and Polar coding, multicarrier based multiple access techniques, and multiple antenna techniques including MIMO and beamforming; Presents an overview of 5G NR Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture and a detailed understanding of how user and control data is transported in the physical layer by the application of the technologies presented; Provides an overview and addresses physical layer aspects of 5G NR enabled Fixed Wireless Access networks.

5G NR: The Next Generation Wireless Access Technology follows the authors' highly celebrated books on 3G and 4G by providing a new level of insight into 5G NR. After an initial discussion of the background to 5G, including requirements, spectrum aspects and the standardization timeline, all technology features of the first phase of NR are described in detail. Included is a detailed description of the NR physical-layer structure and higher-layer protocols, RF and spectrum aspects and co-existence and interworking with LTE. The book provides a good understanding of NR and the different NR technology components, giving insight into why a certain solution was selected. Content includes: Key radio-related requirements of NR, design principles, technical features Details of basic NR transmission structure, showing where it has been inherited from LTE and where it deviates from it, and the reasons why NR Multi-antenna transmission functionality Detailed description of the signals and functionality of the initial NR access, including signals for synchronization and system information, random access and paging LTE/NR co-existence in the same spectrum, the benefits of their interworking as one system The different aspects of mobility in NR RF requirements for NR will be described both for BS and UE, both for the legacy bands and for the new mm-wave bands Gives a concise and accessible explanation of the underlying technology and standards for 5G NR radio-access technology Provides detailed description of the NR physical-layer structure and higher-layer protocols, RF and spectrum aspects and co-existence and interworking with LTE Gives insight not only into the details of the NR specification but also an understanding of why certain solutions look like they do

A guide to the 3GPP-specified 5G physical layer with a focus on the new beam-based dimension in the radio system 5G New Radio: A Beam-based Air Interface is an authoritative guide to the newly 3GPP-specified 5G physical layer. The contributors—noted experts on the topic and creators of the actual standard—focus on the beam-based operation which is a new dimension in the radio system due to the millimeter wave deployments of 5G. The book contains information that complements the 3GPP specification and helps to connect the dots regarding key features. The book assumes a basic knowledge of multi-antenna technologies and covers the physical layer aspects related to beam operation, such as initial access, details of reference signal design, beam management, and DL and UL data channel transmission. The contributors also provide a brief overview of standardization efforts, IMT-2020 submission, 5G spectrum, and performance analysis of 5G components. This important text: Contains information on the 3GPP-specified 5G physical layer Highlights the beam-based operation Covers the physical layer aspects related to beam operation Includes contributions from experts who created the standard Written for students and development engineers working with 5G NR, 5G New Radio: A Beam-based Air Interface offers an expert analysis of the 3GPP-specified 5G physical layer.

A comprehensive guide to 5G technology, applications and potential for the future 5G brings new technology solutions to the 5G mobile networks including new spectrum options, new antenna structures, new physical layer and protocols designs and new network architectures. 5G Technology: 3GPP New Radio is a comprehensive resource that offers explanations of 5G specifications, performance evaluations, aspects of device design, practical deployment considerations and illustrative examples from field experiences. With contributions from a panel of international experts on the topic, the book presents the main new technology components in 5G and describes the physical layer, radio protocols and network performance. The authors review the deployment aspects such as site density and transport network and explore the 5G performance aspects including data rates and coverage and latency. The book also contains illustrative examples of practical field measurement. In addition, the book includes the most recent developments in 4G LTE evolution and offers an outlook for the future of the evolution of 5G. This important book: Offers an introduction to 5G technology and its applications Contains contributions from international experts on the topic Reviews the main technology components in 5G Includes information on the optimisation of the Internet of things Presents illustrative examples of practical field measurements Written for students and scientists interested in 5G technology, 5G Technology: 3GPP New Radio provides a clear understanding of the underlying 5G technology that promotes the opportunity to take full benefit of new capabilities.

Securely transferring confidential information over a wireless network is a challenging task. This book addresses security issues, not only for 5G but also beyond, using physical layer security technology and techniques.

NG-RAN and 5G-NR describes the deployment of 5G NSA (non standalone 5G) and 5G-SA (standalone 5G). 5G-NSA deals with radio access entities. For the 5G-NSA mode, dual MR DC connectivity is based on radio measurements, allowing the master 4G base station MeNB to add or remove a secondary 5G node SgNB. This book describes the architecture of the NG radio access network and the 5G-NR radio interface according to the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) specifications. The overall architecture of the NG-RAN, including the NG, Xn and F1 interfaces and their interaction with the radio interface, are also described. The 5G-NR physical layer is mainly connected by implementing antennas, which improves transmission capacity. 5G-SA deals with the 5G Core network. In the 5G-SA model, the mobile is attached to the 5G Core network through NG-RAN. The book explains radio procedure, from switching on a device to establishing a data connection, and how this connection is maintained even if mobility is involved for both 5G-SA and 5G-NSA deployment. NG-RAN and 5G-NR is devoted to the radio access network, but mobile registration, establishment procedures and re-establishment procedures are also explained.