A Concise Introduction To Algebraic Varieties

A Concise Introduction to Algebraic Varieties is designed for a one-term introductory course on algebraic varieties over an algebraically closed field, and it provides a solid basis for a course on schemes and cohomology or on specialized topics, such as toric varieties and moduli spaces of curves. The book balances generality and accessibility by presenting local and global concepts, such as nonsingularity, normality, and completeness using the language of atlases, an approach that is most commonly associated with differential topology. The book concludes with a discussion of the Riemann-Roch theorem, the Brill-Noether theorem, and applications. The prerequisites for the book are a strong undergraduate algebra course and a working familiarity with basic point-set topology. A course in graduate algebra is helpful but not required. The book includes appendices presenting useful background in complex analytic topology and commutative algebra and provides plentiful examples and exercises that help build intuition and familiarity with algebraic varieties.

Author Serge Lang defines algebraic geometry as the study of systems of algebraic equations in several variables and of the structure that one can give to the solutions of such equations. The study can be carried out in four ways: analytical, topological, algebraico-geometric, and arithmetic. This volume offers a rapid, concise, and self-contained introductory approach to the algebraic aspects of the third method, the algebraico-geometric. The treatment assumes only familiarity with elementary algebra up to the level of Galois theory. Starting with an opening chapter on the general theory of places, the author advances to examinations of algebraic varieties, the absolute theory of varieties, and products, projections, and correspondences. Subsequent chapters explore normal varieties, divisors and linear systems, differential forms, the theory of simple points, and algebraic groups, concluding with a focus on the Riemann-Roch theorem. All the theorems of a general nature related to the foundations of the theory of algebraic groups are featured.

An introduction to the theory of algebraic functions on varieties from a sheaf theoretic standpoint.

Concise and authoritative monograph, geared toward advanced undergraduate and graduate students, covers linear sections, singular and hyperplane sections, Lefschetz's first and second theorems, the Poincaré formula, and invariant and relative cycles. 1958 edition.

Algebraic topology is a basic part of modern mathematics, and some knowledge of this area is indispensable for any advanced work relating to geometry, including topology itself, differential geometry, algebraic geometry, and Lie groups. This book provides a detailed treatment of algebraic topology both for teachers of the subject and for advanced graduate students in mathematics either specializing in this area or continuing on to other fields. J. Peter May's approach reflects the enormous internal developments within algebraic topology over the past several decades, most of which are largely unknown to mathematicians in other fields. But he also retains the classical presentations of various topics where appropriate. Most chapters end with problems that further explore and refine the concepts presented. The final four chapters provide sketches of substantial areas of algebraic topology that are normally omitted from introductory texts, and the book concludes with a list of suggested readings for those interested in delving further into the field.

This book is an introduction to the geometry of complex algebraic varieties. It is intended for students who have learned algebra, analysis, and topology, as taught in standard undergraduate courses. So it is a suitable text for a beginning graduate course or an advanced undergraduate course. The book begins with a study of plane algebraic curves, then introduces affine and projective varieties, going on to dimension and constructibility. $mathcal{O}$-modules (quasicoherent sheaves) are defined without reference to sheaf theory, and their cohomology is defined axiomatically. The Riemann-Roch Theorem for curves is proved using projection to the projective line. Some of the points that aren't always treated in beginning courses are Hensel's Lemma, Chevalley's Finiteness Theorem, and the Birkhoff-Grothendieck Theorem. The book contains extensive discussions of finite group actions, lines in $mathbb{P}^3$, and double planes, and it ends with applications of the Riemann-Roch Theorem.

This book provides a comprehensive and user-friendly exploration of the tremendous recent developments that reveal the connections between real algebraic geometry and optimization, two subjects that were usually taught separately until the beginning of the 21st century. Real algebraic geometry studies the solutions of polynomial equations and polynomial inequalities over the real numbers. Real algebraic problems arise in many applications, including science and engineering, computer vision, robotics, and game theory. Optimization is concerned with minimizing or maximizing a given objective function over a feasible set. Presenting key ideas from classical and modern concepts in real algebraic geometry, this book develops related convex optimization techniques for polynomial optimization. The connection to optimization invites a computational view on real algebraic geometry and opens doors to applications. Intended as an introduction for students of mathematics or related fields at an advanced undergraduate or graduate level, this book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners. Each chapter is complemented by a collection of beneficial exercises, notes on references, and further reading. As a prerequisite, only some undergraduate algebra is required.