A Multi Tude Of Barriers

Available online: https://pub.norden.org/temanord2023-538/ This report is the third in a research project examining how to increase labour market participation among vulnerable groups in the Nordic countries. The purpose of this report is partly to deepen our understanding of the prevalence of employment barriers among vulnerable groups and partly to group these individuals according to the employment barriers they face. In the report we show that: 1. Individuals with no or weak labour market attachment typically face a complex set of employment barriers. 2. It is possible to group the vulnerable individuals in the Nordic countries into 8 distinct data-driven target groups that share similar employment barriers. 3. Traditional demographic target groups (i.e., young people, seniors, etc.) share common barriers, which challenge their distinct categorisation. These empirical findings demonstrate that future employment policies may derive greater benefits by focusing on the specific employment barriers faced by individuals rather than relying on broad demographic categories as a shorthand for the unique challenges experienced by individuals.

Plant reproductive biology has undergone a revolution during the past five years, with the cloning, sequencing and localization of the genes important in reproduction. These advantages in plant molecular biology have led to exciting applications in plant biotechnology, including the genetic engineering of male sterility and other reproductive processes. This book presents an interesting and contemporary account of these new developments from the scientists in whose laboratories they have been made. The chapters focus on two areas: the molecular biology of self-incompatibility, which is the system of self-recognition controlled by the S-gene and related genes; and the cellular and molecular biology of pollen development and genetic dissection of male sterility. Some chapters feature Arabidopsis, with its unique genetic system. Reproduction is vital for seed production in crop plants, and this book presents new approaches to manipulate plant breeding systems for the 21st century.

Since publication of the first edition, Spasticity: Diagnosis and Management has been the defining reference and go-to source for physicians, therapists, and other healthcare providers who care for patients with spasticity. For this new updated edition, Dr. Brashear and a diverse team of specialists have come together to integrate new research, clinical trials, measurement tools, therapies, and other recent advances that reflect this evolving field. The book is organized into four sections, each of which covers a broad scope of material. The first is a general overview of spasticity and its effects on movement in patients. Other chapters cover epidemiology and ancillary findings commonly associated with spasticity. Part II details assessment tools and measurements, treatment goals, and how to aim for realistic outcomes. Part III outlines various treatment modalities, including heavily updated chapters on the use of botulinum toxin in the upper and lower extremities, guidance techniques for injections, intrathecal baclofen, neuromodulation, surgery, physical therapy, and more. The last section, which contains several new chapters, discusses evaluation of outcomes and management of patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and cancer, followed by chapters on spasticity management in long-term care facilities and economic considerations. This book remains the most comprehensive guide to diagnosis and management of spasticity in adults and children, and the revised second edition will continue to serve as an invaluable resource for professionals in any discipline who strive to provide quality care to spasticity patients. Key Features: Revised edition of the premier clinical reference on spasticity Incorporates the latest advances in assessment and treatment Contains six entirely new chapters highlighting key topics including Tardieu scale and other measurement tools, ultrasound guidance for botulinum toxin management, spasticity in special populations, emerging therapies, and economic impact More than 200 figures and 70 tables accompany the updated text

The Great Barrier Reef is located along the coast of Queensland in north-east Australia and is the world's largest coral reef ecosystem. Designated a World Heritage Area, it has been subject to increasing pressures from tourism, fishing, pollution and climate change, and is now protected as a marine park. This book provides an original account of the environmental history of the Great Barrier Reef, based on extensive archival and oral history research. It documents and explains the main human impacts on the Great Barrier Reef since European settlement in the region, focusing particularly on the century from 1860 to 1960 which has not previously been fully documented, yet which was a period of unprecedented exploitation of the ecosystem and its resources. The book describes the main changes in coral reefs, islands and marine wildlife that resulted from those impacts. In more recent decades, human impacts on the Great Barrier Reef have spread, accelerated and intensified, with implications for current management and conservation practices. There is now better scientific understanding of the threats faced by the ecosystem. Yet these modern challenges occur against a background of historical levels of exploitation that is little-known, and that has reduced the ecosystem's resilience. The author provides a compelling narrative of how one of the world's most iconic and vulnerable ecosystems has been exploited and degraded, but also how some early conservation practices emerged.

"This is a report on a research agenda to better inform future societal decisions on ocean CDR [carbon dioxide removal]; the Committee is not advocating either for or against possible future ocean CDR deployments, and the Committee recognizes that ocean CDR would, at best, complement the role of climate mitigation approaches including decarbonization"--Page viii.

This text develops the mathematical implications of barriers to the geometrical and analytical characteristics of continuous location problems. The book will appeal to those working in operations research and management science, and mathematicians interested in optimization theory and its applications.

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