A Practical Guide To Compressor Technology

A Complete overview of theory, selection, design, operation, andmaintenance This text offers a thorough overview of the operatingcharacteristics, efficiencies, design features, troubleshooting,and maintenance of dynamic and positive displacement process gascompressors. The author examines a wide spectrum of compressorsused in heavy process industries, with an emphasis on improvingreliability and avoiding failure. Readers learn both the theoryunderlying compressors as well as the myriad day-to-day practicalissues and challenges that chemical engineers and plant operationpersonnel must address. The text features: Latest design and manufacturing details of dynamic and positivedisplacement process gas compressors Examination of the full range of machines available for theheavy process industries Thorough presentation of the arrangements, materialcomposition, and basic laws governing the design of all importantprocess gas compressors Guidance on selecting optimum compressor configurations,controls, components, and auxiliaries to maximize reliability Monitoring and performance analysis for optimal machinerycondition Systematic methods to avoid failure through the application offield-tested reliability enhancement concepts Fluid instability and externally pressurized bearings Reliability-driven asset management strategies forcompressors Upstream separator and filter issues The text's structure is carefully designed to build knowledgeand skills by starting with key principles and then moving to moreadvanced material. Hundreds of photos depicting various types ofcompressors, components, and processes are provided throughout. Compressors often represent a multi-million dollar investmentfor such applications as petrochemical processing and refining,refrigeration, pipeline transport, and turbochargers andsuperchargers for internal combustion engines. This text enablesthe broad range of engineers and plant managers who work with thesecompressors to make the most of the investment by leading them tothe best decisions for selecting, operating, upgrading,maintaining, and troubleshooting.

Compressors are a vital link in the conversion of raw materials into refined products. Compressors also handle economical use and transformation of energy from one for into another. They are used for the extraction of metals and minerals in mining operations, for the conservation of energy in natural gas injection plants, for secondary recovery processes in oil fields, for the utilization of new energy sources such as shale oil and tar sands, for furnishing utility or reaction air, for oxygen and reaction gases in almost any process, for process chemical and petrochemical plants, and for the separation and liquefaction of gases in air separation plants and in LPG and LNG plants. And, as the reader will undoubtedly know, this listing does not even begin to describe the literally hundreds of services that use modern compression equipment.

Reciprocating compressors and their applications. Design and materials of reciprocating compressor components. Operation and maintenance of reciprocating compressors. Overhaul and repair of reciprocating compressors. Troubleshooting compressor problems. Preventive maintenance of reciprocating compressors. Safety in operation and maintenance. Appendix: Reciprocating compressor calculations. Index.

Offering a basic understanding of each important topic in vacuum science and technology, this book concentrates on pumping issues, emphasizes the behavior of vacuum pumps and vacuum systems, and explains the relationships between pumps, instrumentation and high-vacuum system performance. The book delineates the technical and theoretical aspects of the subject without getting in too deep. It leads readers through the subtleties of vacuum technology without using a dissertation on mathematics to get them there. An interesting blend of easy-to-understand technician-level information combined with engineering data and formulae, the book provides a non-analytical introduction to high vacuum technology.

This book describes fresh approaches to compression technology. The authors describe in detail where, why, and how these can be of value to process plants. As such plants have become ever larger and more complex, more technology-intensive solutions have had to be developed for process machinery. The best practices that have emerged to address these requirements are assembled in this book.

Practical techniques for optimizing compressor performance Written by experts with more than 100 combined years of industry experience in machinery failure avoidance, Compressors: How to Achieve High Reliability & Availability offers proven solutions to a pervasive and expensive problem in modern industry--compressor failure. This succinct, on-the-job guide addresses elusive causes of compressor failure and clearly maps out permanent remedies you can put to use right away. With a focus on centrifugal and reciprocating compressors, this accessible reference is based on real-world processes and procedures used by successful global companies. Coverage includes: Compression principles and internal labyrinths Selection factors for process compressors Operation characteristics of turbocompressors Wet and dry gas seals Bearings, stability, and vibration guidance Lube and seal oil systems Impellers and rotors Compressor maintenance and surveillance Inspection and repair of rotors Machinery quality assessment (MQA) Failure analysis and troubleshooting Reciprocating compressor operation, control, maintenance, and rebuilding Maintenance and operations interfaces Reciprocating compressor monitoring and surveillance Training competent compressor engineers

A Practical Guide to Frozen Section Technique offers an easy to learn approach to frozen section technique in the form of a highly illustrated handbook intended for onsite use in the laboratory. The book begins with a novel, clearly delineated, step by step approach to learning continuous motion brush technique. Emphasis is placed on recognizing and correcting artifacts during the preparation process. The book addresses all of the steps in the preparation of slides from cutting through cover-slipping. The author’s unique, original techniques for tissue embedding including face down embedding in steel well bars, frozen block cryoembedding and paper cryoembedding are detailed. Variables key to the quality of the preparation including block temperature, tissue properties and section thickness are detailed. The book also covers understanding the cryostat and basic maintenance and care.Sections covering techniques used in Mohs dermatologic surgery, and techniques used in basic animal and human research are discussed by noted experts in their field. A Practical Guide to Frozen Section Technique will be of great value to pathologists, pathology residents in training and also experimental pathology researchers that rely upon this methodology to perform tissue analysis in research.