Advancement Of Women

Why are there so few women scientists? Persisting differences between women s and men's experiences in science make this question as relevant today as it ever was. This book sets out to answer this question, and to propose solutions for the future. Based on extensive research, it emphasizes that science is an intensely social activity. Despite the scientific ethos of universalism and inclusion, scientists and their institutions are not immune to the prejudices of society as a whole. By presenting women s experiences at all key career stages - from childhood to retirement - the authors reveal the hidden barriers, subtle exclusions and unwritten rules of the scientific workplace, and the effects, both professional and personal, that these have on the female scientist. This important book should be read by all scientists - both male and female - and sociologists, as well as women thinking of embarking on a scientific career.

Virginia Valian uses concepts and data from psychology, sociology, economics, and biology to explain the disparity in the professional advancement of men and women. Why do so few women occupy positions of power and prestige? Virginia Valian uses concepts and data from psychology, sociology, economics, and biology to explain the disparity in the professional advancement of men and women. According to Valian, men and women alike have implicit hypotheses about gender differences—gender schemas—that create small sex differences in characteristics, behaviors, perceptions, and evaluations of men and women. Those small imbalances accumulate to advantage men and disadvantage women. The most important consequence of gender schemas for professional life is that men tend to be overrated and women underrated. Valian's goal is to make the invisible factors that retard women's progress visible, so that fair treatment of men and women will be possible. The book makes its case with experimental and observational data from laboratory and field studies of children and adults, and with statistical documentation on men and women in the professions. The many anecdotal examples throughout provide a lively counterpoint.

Published in association with the United Nations, this book builds on the existing body of literature on gender and democratization by looking at the relevance of national machineries for the advancement of women. It considers the appropriate mechanisms through which the mainstreaming of gender can take place, and the levels of governance involved; defines what the interests of women are, and how and by what processes these interests are represented to the state policy making structures. Global strategies for the advancement of women are considered, and how far these have penetrated at national level, illuminated by a series of case studies - gender equality in Sweden and other Nordic countries, the Ugandan ministry of Gender, Culture and Social services, gender awareness in Central and Eastern Europe, and further examples from South Korea, the Lebanon, Beijing and Australia.

Women all over the world are facing numerous challenges and obstacles in the workplace as gender inequality is still running rampant. To see big change, the patriarchal mindset within business settings needs to be broken. Management education plays a critical role in changing perceptions in business, and as such, gender equality curricula and teaching materials have become valuable tools in challenging the preconceived belief that business is a male domain. Eastern Perspectives on Women’s Roles and Advancement in Business presents the real-life stories of Eastern women in business, giving particular focus to how these women overcame challenges and broke the glass ceiling. This text explores the problems and challenges, experiences, and strategies of overcoming gender discrimination and inequality. Covering topics such as job engagement, occupational segregation, and social intelligence, this book is a dynamic reference for faculty of higher education, school administrators, librarians, researchers, scholars, women entrepreneurs, businesswomen, managers, CEOs, and students of higher education.

The Psychology of Gender and Health: Conceptual and Applied Global Concerns examines the psychological aspects of the intersection between gender and health and the ways in which they relate to the health of individuals and populations. It demonstrates how gender should be strategically considered in the most routine research tasks—from establishing priorities, constructing theory, designing methodologies, in data interpretation, and how to practically apply this information in clinical contexts. The topics covered in its chapters answer the needs of professionals, students, and faculty, providing an up-to-date conceptual tool that covers the relationships that exist between gender and health. The book will not only help users build expertise in psychology in gender and health, but also contribute to the awareness and training of psychologists as dynamic actors in the implementation of the gender perspective in their studies, reflections, research, and health interventions. Offers specific literature on the gender perspective in health and psychology Addresses a broad and diverse audience, and its coverage is uniquely comprehensive Utilizes an intersectional approach to race, class, sexual orientation, nationality, disability status, and age Updates on the pressing concerns of gender violence Covers specific content on transgender and same-sex attracted populations that includes a focus on men and masculinity Deals with hot topics on infertility, immigration, and HIV/AIDS

Reviews the problems and priorities as well as international bills and actions relating to the advancement of women. Covers women and work, their health and education, violence and poverty, the UN Action for Women, the Beijing Declaration, and the Commission on the Status of Women.