Advances In Earth Science

Advances in Earth Science outlines the latest developments and new research directions currently being made world-wide in the earth sciences. It contains invited and refereed articles by leading younger researchers on their cutting-edge research, but aimed at a general scientific audience. This exciting volume explains how powerful methodologies such as satellite remote sensing and supercomputing simulations are now profoundly changing research in the earth sciences; how the earth system is increasingly being viewed in a holistic way, linking the atmosphere, ocean and solid earth; and how the societal impact of the research in the earth sciences has never been more important. Published by Imperial College Press in collaboration with the Royal Society of London, the book features many articles originating from invited papers published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Eleven of the distinguished contributors hold prestigious Royal Society Research Fellowships. Contents:Environmental Change:The Price of Climate Change (D S Reay)Carbon in the Atmosphere and Terrestrial Biosphere in the Early Anthropocene (Y Malhi)Dust in the Earth System: The Biogeochemical Linking of Land, Air, and Sea (A Ridgwell & K E Kohfeld)The Late Permian Mass Extinction Event and Recovery: Biological Catastrophe in a Greenhouse World (R J Twitchett)Dynamics of the Earth:Space-Plasma Imaging — Past, Present and Future (C N Mitchell)Fault Structure, Stress, Friction and Rupture Dynamics of Earthquakes (E Fukuyama)Some Remarks on the Time Scales of Magmatic Processes Occuring Beneath Island Arc Volcanoes (S P Turner)The Break-Up of Continents and the Generation of Ocean Basins (T A Minshull)Properties and Evolution of the Earth's Core and Geodynamo (F Nimmo & D Alfè)Applied Earth Science:Giant Catastrophic Landslides (C R J Kilburn)Remote Monitoring of the Earthquake Cycle Using Satellite Radar Interferometry (T J Wright)Human Influence on the Global Geochemical Cycle of Lead (D J Weiss et al.)Natural and Artificial Platinum and Palladium Occurrences World-Wide (H M Prichard)Data Assimilation and Objectively Optimised Earth Observation (D J Lary & A Koratkar) Readership: General scientific readers interested in the new research directions in the earth sciences; researchers and students in the earth and environmental sciences, geophysics, environmental chemistry, biology and evolution. Keywords:Climate Change;Environmental Change;Earth Dynamics

Advances in Earth Science outlines the latest developments and new research directions currently being made world-wide in the earth sciences. It contains invited and refereed articles by leading younger researchers on their cutting-edge research, but aimed at a general scientific audience. This exciting volume explains how powerful methodologies such as satellite remote sensing and supercomputing simulations are now profoundly changing research in the earth sciences; how the earth system is increasingly being viewed in a holistic way, linking the atmosphere, ocean and solid earth; and how the societal impact of the research in the earth sciences has never been more important. Published by Imperial College Press in collaboration with the Royal Society of London, the book features many articles originating from invited papers published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Eleven of the distinguished contributors hold prestigious Royal Society Research Fellowships.

The Earth system functions and connects in unexpected ways - from the microscopic interactions of bacteria and rocks to the macro-scale processes that build and erode mountains and regulate Earth's climate. Efforts to study Earth's intertwined processes are made even more pertinent and urgent by the need to understand how the Earth can continue to sustain both civilization and the planet's biodiversity. A Vision for NSF Earth Sciences 2020-2030: Earth in Time provides recommendations to help the National Science Foundation plan and support the next decade of Earth science research, focusing on research priorities, infrastructure and facilities, and partnerships. This report presents a compelling and vibrant vision of the future of Earth science research.

Containing the proceedings of the International Conference on Earth Science and Environmental Protection (ICESEP 2013), held in Kunming, China, the book brings together the work of academic scientists, leading engineers, industry researchers and scholarly students. The included papers cover research results from all aspects of Earth and Environmental Science and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted. Topics covered include Earth Resources; Agriculture; Environmental Science; Environmental Protection; Green Energy.

The 2001 National Research Council (NRC) report Basic Research Opportunities in Earth Science (BROES) described how basic research in the Earth sciences serves five national imperatives: (1) discovery, use, and conservation of natural resources; (2) characterization and mitigation of natural hazards; (3) geotechnical support of commercial and infrastructure development; (4) stewardship of the environment; and (5) terrestrial surveillance for global security and national defense. This perspective is even more pressing today, and will persist into the future, with ever-growing emphasis. Today's world-with headlines dominated by issues involving fossil fuel and water resources, earthquake and tsunami disasters claiming hundreds of thousands of lives and causing hundreds of billions of dollars in damages, profound environmental changes associated with the evolving climate system, and nuclear weapons proliferation and testing-has many urgent societal issues that need to be informed by sound understanding of the Earth sciences. A national strategy to sustain basic research and training of expertise across the full spectrum of the Earth sciences is motivated by these national imperatives. New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences identifies new and emerging research opportunities in the Earth sciences over the next decade, including surface and deep Earth processes and interdisciplinary research with fields such as ocean and atmospheric sciences, biology, engineering, computer science, and social and behavioral sciences. The report also identifies key instrumentation and facilities needed to support these new and emerging research opportunities. The report describes opportunities for increased cooperation in these new and emerging areas between EAR and other government agency programs, industry, and international programs, and suggests new ways that EAR can help train the next generation of Earth scientists, support young investigators, and increase the participation of underrepresented groups in the field.