Algebraic Integrability Painlev Geometry And Lie Algebras

This Ergebnisse volume is aimed at a wide readership of mathematicians and physicists, graduate students and professionals. The main thrust of the book is to show how algebraic geometry, Lie theory and Painlevé analysis can be used to explicitly solve integrable differential equations and construct the algebraic tori on which they linearize; at the same time, it is, for the student, a playing ground to applying algebraic geometry and Lie theory. The book is meant to be reasonably self-contained and presents numerous examples. The latter appear throughout the text to illustrate the ideas, and make up the core of the last part of the book. The first part of the book contains the basic tools from Lie groups, algebraic and differential geometry to understand the main topic.

Approach your problems from the right end It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is and begin with the answers. 1hen one day, that they can't see the problem. perhaps you will find the final question. G. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Oad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin' . • 1111 Oulik'. n. . Chi" •. • ~ Mm~ Mu,d. ", Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics", "CFD", "completely integrable systems", "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order", which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics.

Second volume in the series, translated from the Russian, sets out new regular methods for realizing Hamilton's canonical equations in Lie algebras and symmetric spaces. Begins by constructing the algebraic embeddings in Lie algebras of Hamiltonian systems, going on to present effective methods for constructing complete sets of functions in involution on orbits of coadjoint representations of Lie groups. Ends with the proof of the full integrability of a wide range of many- parameter families of Hamiltonian systems that allow algebraicization. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

The book describes integrable Toda type systems and their Lie algebra and differential geometry background.

Over the last thirty years, the subject of nonlinear integrable systems has grown into a full-fledged research topic. In the last decade, Lie algebraic methods have grown in importance to various fields of theoretical research and worked to establish close relations between apparently unrelated systems. The various ideas associated with Lie algebra and Lie groups can be used to form a particularly elegant approach to the properties of nonlinear systems. In this volume, the author exposes the basic techniques of using Lie algebraic concepts to explore the domain of nonlinear integrable systems. His emphasis is not on developing a rigorous mathematical basis, but on using Lie algebraic methods as an effective tool. The book begins by establishing a practical basis in Lie algebra, including discussions of structure Lie, loop, and Virasor groups, quantum tori and Kac-Moody algebras, and gradation. It then offers a detailed discussion of prolongation structure and its representation theory, the orbit approach-for both finite and infinite dimension Lie algebra. The author also presents the modern approach to symmetries of integrable systems, including important new ideas in symmetry analysis, such as gauge transformations, and the "soldering" approach. He then moves to Hamiltonian structure, where he presents the Drinfeld-Sokolov approach, the Lie algebraic approach, Kupershmidt's approach, Hamiltonian reductions and the Gelfand Dikii formula. He concludes his treatment of Lie algebraic methods with a discussion of the classical r-matrix, its use, and its relations to double Lie algebra and the KP equation.

Articles from leading researchers to introduce the reader to cutting-edge topics in integrable systems theory.

2. Divisors and line bundles 97 2.1. Divisors . . 97 2.2. Line bundles 98 2.3. Sections of line bundles 99 2.4. The Riemann-Roch Theorem 101 2.5. Line bundles and embeddings in projective space 103 2.6. Hyperelliptic curves 104 3. Abelian varieties 106 3.1. Complex tori and Abelian varieties 106 3.2. Line bundles on Abelian varieties 107 3.3. Abelian surfaces 109 4. Jacobi varieties . . . 112 4.1. The algebraic Jacobian 112 4.2. The analytic/trancendental Jacobian 112 4.3. Abel's Theorem and Jacobi inversion 116 4.4. Jacobi and Kummer surfaces 118 4.5. Abelian surfaces of type (1.4) 120 V. Algebraic completely integrable Hamiltonian systems 123 1. Introduction . 123 2. A.c.i. systems 125 3. Painleve analysis for a.c.i. systems 131 4. Linearization of two-dimensional a.c.i. systems 134 5. Lax equations 136 VI. The master systems 139 1. Introduction . . . . .