Mars Geological Enigmas

Mars Geological Enigmas: From the Late Noachian Epoch to the Present Day presents outstanding questions on the geology of Mars and divergent viewpoints based on varying interpretations and analyses. The result is a robust and comprehensive discussion that provides opportunities for planetary scientists to develop their own opinions and ways forward. Each theme opens with an introduction that includes background on the topic and lays out questions to be addressed. Alternate perspectives are covered for each topic, including methods, observations, analyses, and in-depth discussion of the conclusions. Chapters within each theme reference each other to facilitate comparison and deeper understanding of divergent opinions. Offers a transchronological view of the geological history of Mars, addressing thematic questions from a broad temporal perspective Discusses outstanding questions on Mars from diverging perspectives Includes key questions and answers, as well as a look ahead to which puzzles remain to be solved

On the surface of Mars lies a formation that looks remarkably like a humanoid face. Forever staring up into the vastness of space it has attracted our attention. Some think that that is why it is there, beckoning us to come and explore. Others believe that it is simply an odd looking geological landform - a formation carved over the ages by the random forces of nature. It is our imagination and our desire to find other forms of life in the universe that makes us see it as an intelligently crafted object. Opinions about the possibility of life on Mars have changed over the years from Percival Lowell's canals, to the dead planet image by the early Mariner missions to Mars, to the enormous volcanoes, great canyon systems, and channels carved by water seen by Mariner 9 and Viking. In the first edition of The Martian Enigmas, Dr. Mark J. Carlotto presented a detailed analysis of the controversial Viking photographs. The revised edition greatly expands on his early work and constains new research results that further supports the claim that these objects may be precisely what many scientists have sought for decades: the first hard evidence that we are not alone.

On the surface of Mars lies a formation that looks remarkably like a humanoid face. Forever staring up into the vastness of space it has attracted our attention. For some, that is why it is there, beckoning us to come and explore. Others believe that it is simply an odd looking geological landform - a formation carved over the ages by the random forces of nature. It is our imagination and our desire to find other life in the universe that makes us see it as an intelligently crafted object. Opinions about the possibility of life on Mars have changed over the years from Percival Lowell's canals, to the dead planet image by the earlyMarinermissions to Mars, to the enormous volcanoes, great canyon systems, and channels carved by water seen byMariner 9andViking. In the first edition ofThe Martian Enigmas, Dr. Mark J. Carlotto presented a detailed analysis of the controversial Viking photographs. The revised edition greatly expands on his early work, containing new research results that add further support to the claim that these objects may be precisely what many scientists have sought for decades: the first hard evidence that we are not alone.

Dynamic Mars: Recent and Current Landscape Evolution of the Red Planet presents the latest observations, interpretations, and explanations of geological change at the surface or near-surface of this terrestrial body. These changes raise questions about a decades-old paradigm, formed largely in the aftermath of very coarse Mariner-mission imagery in the 1960s, suggesting that much of the interesting geological activity on Mars occurred deep in its past, eons ago. The book includes discussions of (1) Mars’ ever-changing atmosphere and the impact of this on the planet’s surface and near-surface; (2) the possible involvement of water in relatively new, if not contemporary, gully-like flows and slope streaks (i.e. recurring slope lineae); and (3) the identification of a broad suite of agents and processes (i.e. glacial, periglacial, aeolian, meteorological, volcanic, and meteoric) that are actively revising surface and near-surface landscapes, landforms, and features on a local, regional, and hemispheric scale. Highly illustrated and punctuated by data from the most recent Mars missions, Dynamic Mars is a valuable resource for all levels of research in the geological history of Mars, as well as of the three other terrestrial planets. Utilizes observational and model-based data as well as geological context to frame the understanding of the dynamic surface and near-surface of Mars Presents a broad spectrum of highly regarded experts and themes to discuss and evaluate the geological history of late and current Mars Includes extensive and detailed imagery to clearly illustrate these themes, discussions, and evaluations

Interpretations of the geological processes operating on Mars are based on our knowledge of processes occurring on Earth. This 2007 book presents contributions from leading planetary geologists to demonstrate the parallels and differences between these two planets, and will therefore be a key reference for students and researchers of planetary science.

Ices in the Solar-System: A Volatile-Driven Journey from the Inner Solar System to its Far Reaches details the evolution of ice on planetary bodies within the Solar System, including terrestrial planets and the Moon, Ceres and other dwarf planets or volatile asteroids, icy Galilean and Saturnian satellites, Triton and disparate Uranian moons, and Pluto, other Kuyper belt objects and comets. The book provides a view of different ice types throughout the Solar System, i.e., H2O, CO2, CH4, etc., that characterize icy processes on disparate bodies. Ice and icy processes at micro through macro scales are discussed. The book geographically spans the major planetary bodies of the Solar System, covering surface and subsurface geologies, geophysics and geochemistry of ices to answer questions such as the nature and extent of water ice and different frozen volatile species, how do ices give us clues to interiors and oceans, and more. Presents a comprehensive discussion of icy bodies and processes throughout the Solar System and spanning all applicable planetary bodies Discusses ice at the micro-scale (i.e., post nebular origins) to the macro-scale, facilitating our understanding of icy processes and associated landscape evolution through multi-scalar perspectives Describes the disparate ices associated with the geological evolution of bodies large and small throughout the solar system, broadening the focus and highlighting landscape evolution derived of the disparate ice types

This revised and updated edition continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the subject, exploring the world’s landforms from a broad systems perspective. It covers the basics of Earth surface forms and processes, while reflecting on the latest developments in the field. Fundamentals of Geomorphology begins with a consideration of the nature of geomorphology, including its relation to society, process and form, history, and geomorphic systems, and moves on to discuss: • Structure: structural landforms associated with plate tectonics and those associated with volcanoes, and folds, faults, and joints. • Process and form: landforms resulting from, or influenced by, the exogenic agencies of weathering, running water, flowing ice and meltwater, ground ice and frost, the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; extraterrestrial landforms; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a stimulating and innovative perspective on the key topics and debates within the field of geomorphology. Written in an accessible and lively manner, it includes guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms. The book is also illustrated throughout with over 200 informative diagrams and attractive photographs, all in colour. It is supported by online resources for students and instructors.