Alkali Activated Materials

This is a State of the Art Report resulting from the work of RILEM Technical Committee 224-AAM in the period 2007-2013. The Report summarises research to date in the area of alkali-activated binders and concretes, with a particular focus on the following areas: binder design and characterisation, durability testing, commercialisation, standardisation, and providing a historical context for this rapidly-growing research field.

The first English-language book which reviews and summarizes worldwide research advances in alkali-activated cements and concrete. Essential topics include: raw materials and their properties for the production of the two new types of binder the hydration and microstructure development of alkali-activated slag cements the mechanical properties and durability of alkali-activated slag cement and concrete other various cementing systems and their applications related standards and specifications. This respected team of authors has produced an important piece of research that will be of great interest to professionals and academics alike, enabling the production of more durable and environmentally sensitive materials.

Advances on Alkali-activated Concrete, provides comprehensive information on materials, structural properties and realistic potential for the application of alkali-activated concretes and cements. Divided over seven key parts, including the design of alkali-activated concrete, their fabrication and curing, rheology, properties of alkali-activated concrete, durability, dynamic performance and LCA, the book will be an essential reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists, chemists, manufacturers and civil engineers working with alkali-activated materials and concrete structures. Provides an essential guide on the latest developments in alkali-activated concrete Comprehensively examines alkali-activated concrete performance under cyclic loading Includes concrete systems containing coarser aggregates Presents several important cases studies of application

This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on new developments in alkali-activation. The main binder of concrete, Portland cement, represents almost 80% of the total CO2 emissions of concrete which are about 6 to 7% of the Planet’s total CO2 emissions. This is particularly serious in the current context of climate change and it could get even worse because the demand for Portland cement is expected to increase by almost 200% by 2050 from 2010 levels, reaching 6000 million tons/year. Alkali-activated binders represent an alternative to Portland cement having higher durability and a lower CO2 footprint. Reviews the chemistry, mix design, manufacture and properties of alkali-activated cement-based concrete binders Considers performance in adverse environmental conditions. Offers equal emphasis on the science behind the technology and its use in civil engineering.

This book covers relevant synthesizing parameters, their interactions, and advantages of blending fly ash and blast furnace slag as source material, their relationship with mechanical properties and microstructure including guidelines to produce an optimal mix proportion. Further, it discusses related durability aspects, mechanical properties and reaction products and their inter-relationship. It explains phase characterization with XRD/SEM, change in the bond formulations with FTIR, FESEM and EDAX analysis. A mix design guideline based on empirical statistical concept has been put forward for professionals to manufacture customized activated fly ash composites in presence of slag. Aimed at graduate/senior undergraduate students, researchers in civil engineering, construction engineering, ceramics, material sciences, this book: Covers mechanical and microstructural properties, curing, durability of blended Alkali- activated composites with fly ash and blast furnace slag. Proposes a guideline for mix design on chemical compositions of ingredients, relationship of synthesizing parameters, workability, target strength. Describes sustainable green material manufacturing methodologies. Discusses issues like microstructural properties and reaction mechanism. Explores related modern experimental techniques like XRD, FTIR, MIP and so forth.

A geopolymer is a solid aluminosilicate material usually formed by alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate activation of a solid precursor such as coal fly ash, calcined clay and/or metallurgical slag. Today the primary application of geopolymer technology is in the development of reduced-CO2 construction materials as an alternative to Portland-based cements. Geopolymers: structure, processing, properties and industrial applications reviews the latest research on and applications of these highly important materials.Part one discusses the synthesis and characterisation of geopolymers with chapters on topics such as fly ash chemistry and inorganic polymer cements, geopolymer precursor design, nanostructure/microstructure of metakaolin and fly ash geopolymers, and geopolymer synthesis kinetics. Part two reviews the manufacture and properties of geopolymers including accelerated ageing of geopolymers, chemical durability, engineering properties of geopolymer concrete, producing fire and heat-resistant geopolymers, utilisation of mining wastes and thermal properties of geopolymers. Part three covers applications of geopolymers with coverage of topics such as commercialisation of geopolymers for construction, as well as applications in waste management.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Geopolymers: structure, processing, properties and industrial applications is a standard reference for scientists and engineers in industry and the academic sector, including practitioners in the cement and concrete industry as well as those involved in waste reduction and disposal. Discusses the synthesis and characterisation of geopolymers with chapters covering fly ash chemistry and inorganic polymer cements Assesses the application and commercialisation of geopolymers with particular focus on applications in waste management Reviews the latest research on and applications of these highly important materials