Applications Of Metamaterials

Metamaterials:Theory, Design, and Applications goes beyond left-handed materials (LHM) or negative index materials (NIM) and focuses on recent research activity. Included here is an introduction to optical transformation theory, revealing invisible cloaks, EM concentrators, beam splitters, and new-type antennas, a presentation of general theory on artificial metamaterials composed of periodic structures, coverage of a new rapid design method for inhomogeneous metamaterials, which makes it easier to design a cloak, and new developments including but not limited to experimental verification of invisible cloaks, FDTD simulations of invisible cloaks, the microwave and RF applications of metamaterials, sub-wavelength imaging using anisotropic metamaterials, dynamical metamaterial systems, photonic metamaterials, and magnetic plasmon effects of metamaterials.

Metamaterials have been in research limelight for the last few years owing to the exotic electromagnetic features these exhibit. With certain combinational forms of the design, these can be of prudent applications in developing antennas, filters, absorbers, sensors, energy harvesters, and many others. As such, the role of engineered mediums remains greatly important as the frequency region of operation determines the structure (of the medium(s)) to be developed – the fact that is exploited in the on-demand kind of tailoring the electromagnetic response of metamaterials. The relevant R&D investigators show keen interest in the fabrication of varieties of novel miniaturized devices that can be of great potentials in many micro- as well as nanotechnology-oriented applications. With this view point in mind, the Book provides the glimpse of phenomenal growth of research in this direction through covering the topics pivoted to fundamental descriptions, and theoretical and experimental results reported by pioneering scientists. It is expected that the book will be of benefit to novice researchers (such as graduate students) and expert scientists in universities and research laboratories. Some of the contents in the book are centered on industrial applications of metamaterials, thereby making the volume useful to the R&D scientists in certain industries. In summary, the book

The book presents an engineering approach for the development of metamaterials and metasurfaces with emphasis on application in antennas. It offers an in-depth study, performance analysis and extensive characterization on different types of metamaterials and metasurfaces. Practical examples included in the book will help readers to enhance performance of antennas and also develop metamaterial-based absorbers for a variety of applications. Key Features Provides background for design and development of metamaterial structures using novel unit cells Gives in-depth performance study of miniaturization of microstrip antennas Discusses design and development of both transmission and reflection types, metasurfaces and their practical applications. Verifies a variety of Metamaterial structures and Metasurfaces experimentally The target audience of this book is postgraduate students and researchers involved in antenna designs. Researchers and engineers interested in enhancing the performance of the antennas using metamaterials will find this book extremely useful. The book will also serve as a good reference for developing artificial materials using metamaterials and their practical applications. Amit K. Singh is Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, India. He is a Member of the IEEE, USA. Mahesh P. Abegaonkar is Associate Professor at the Centre for Applied Research in Electronics at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE, USA. Shiban Kishen Koul is Emeritus Professor at the Centre for Applied Research in Electronics at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. He is a Life Fellow of the Institution of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE), USA, a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE), and a Fellow of the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE).

Metamaterials and plasmonics are cross-disciplinary fields that are emerging into the mainstream of many scientific areas. Examples of scientific and technical fields which are concerned are electrical engineering, micro- and nanotechnology, microwave engineering, optics, optoelectronics, and semiconductor technologies. In plasmonics, the interplay between propagating electromagnetic waves and free-electron oscillations in materials are exploited to create new components and applications. On the other hand, metamaterials refer to artificial composites in which small artificial elements, through their collective interaction, creates a desired and unexpected macroscopic response function that is not present in the constituent materials. This book charts the state of the art of these fields. In May 2008, world-leading experts in metamaterials and plasmonics gathered into a NATO Advanced Research Workshop in Marrakech, Morocco. The present book contains extended versions of 22 of the presentations held in the workshop, covering the general aspects of the field, as well as design and modelling questions of plasmonics and metamaterials, fabrication issues, and applications like absorbers and antennas.

This book uses the first volume’s exploration of theory, basic properties, and modeling topics to develop readers’ understanding of applications and devices that are based on artificial materials. It explores a wide range of applications in fields including electronics, telecommunications, sensing, medical instrumentation, and data storage. The text also includes a practical user’s guide and explores key areas in which artificial materials have developed. It includes experts’ perspectives on current and future applications of metamaterials, to present a well-rounded view on state-of-the-art technologies.

Metamaterials have become one of the most important emerging technologies in the scientific community due to its unusual electromagnetic properties. Consequently, during the last years, a huge deal of efforts has been concentrated in order to design functional components and devices based on metamaterials for many potential applications. The main objective of this book is to present in-depth analysis of the theory, properties, and realizations of novel devices that could be integrated within modern and future communication systems. The book contains 11 chapters written by acknowledged experts, researchers, academics, and microwave engineers, providing comprehensive information and covering a wide range of topics on several aspects of microwaves and optics, including polarization conversion, asymmetric transmission, transmission lines, filters, plasmonic lenses, tunable metamaterials, light manipulation, absorbers, and antennas, among others. This book is suitable for scholars from large scientific domain and therefore given to engineers, scientists, graduates, and other interested professionals as a reference on these artificial materials of tomorrow.

Transformation electromagnetics is a systematic design technique for optical and electromagnetic devices that enables novel wave-material interaction properties. The associated metamaterials technology for designing and realizing optical and electromagnetic devices can control the behavior of light and electromagnetic waves in ways that have not been conventionally possible. The technique is credited with numerous novel device designs, most notably the invisibility cloaks, perfect lenses and a host of other remarkable devices. Transformation Electromagnetics and Metamaterials: Fundamental Principles and Applications presents a comprehensive treatment of the rapidly growing area of transformation electromagnetics and related metamaterial technology with contributions on the subject provided by a collection of leading experts from around the world. On the theoretical side, the following questions will be addressed: “Where does transformation electromagnetics come from?,” “What are the general material properties for different classes of coordinate transformations?,” “What are the limitations and challenges of device realizations?,” and “What theoretical tools are available to make the coordinate transformation-based designs more amenable to fabrication using currently available techniques?” The comprehensive theoretical treatment will be complemented by device designs and/or realizations in various frequency regimes and applications including acoustic, radio frequency, terahertz, infrared, and the visible spectrum. The applications encompass invisibility cloaks, gradient-index lenses in the microwave and optical regimes, negative-index superlenses for sub-wavelength resolution focusing, flat lenses that produce highly collimated beams from an embedded antenna or optical source, beam concentrators, polarization rotators and splitters, perfect electromagnetic absorbers, and many others. This book will serve as the authoritative reference for students and researchers alike to the fast-evolving and exciting research area of transformation electromagnetics/optics, its application to the design of revolutionary new devices, and their associated metamaterial realizations.

Electromagnetic metamaterials-from fundamental physics to advanced engineering applications This book presents an original generalized transmission line approach associated with non-resonant structures that exhibit larger bandwidths, lower loss, and higher design flexibility. It is based on the novel concept of composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line metamaterials (MMs), which has led to the development of novel guided-wave, radiated-wave, and refracted-wave devices and structures. The authors introduced this powerful new concept and are therefore able to offer readers deep insight into the fundamental physics needed to fully grasp the technology. Moreover, they provide a host of practical engineering applications. The book begins with an introductory chapter that places resonant type and transmission line metamaterials in historical perspective. The next six chapters give readers a solid foundation in the fundamentals and practical applications: Fundamentals of LH MMs describes the fundamental physics and exotic properties of left-handed metamaterials TL Theory of MMs establishes the foundations of CRLH structures in three progressive steps: ideal transmission line, LC network, and real distributed structure Two-Dimensional MMs develops both a transmission matrix method and a transmission line method to address the problem of finite-size 2D metamaterials excited by arbitrary sources Guided-Wave Applications and Radiated-Wave Applications present a number of groundbreaking applications developed by the authors The Future of MMs sets forth an expert view on future challenges and prospects This engineering approach to metamaterials paves the way for a new generation of microwave and photonic devices and structures. It is recommended for electrical engineers, as well as physicists and optical engineers, with an interest in practical negative refractive index structures and materials.