Approach Based On Phenotype And Endotypeasthma Diagnosis And Management

Asthma is a severe and growing threat affecting both children and adults in both developing and developed world, currently affecting approximately 8% of US population. It is becoming increasingly recognized as a syndrome constituted by airway obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation with different causes, associated risk factors, and underlying pathophysiology. The advances in basic and clinical research of asthma have accelerated over the past 20 years with increasing diagnostic tools, especially biomarkers, that led to specific characterization of individual patient's asthma pathophysiology, or disease "phenotype" and "endotype," which allowed precision medicine therapies, including new asthma biologics. This book aims to update the paradigm shifts in precision medicine of asthma diagnosis and management, driven by underlying phenotypes or endotypes.

The field of asthma has expanded in the last decade with specific drugs targeting the disease mechanisms. This book is an updated treatise covering diagnoses, phenotypes and endotypes of asthma along with its management. It includes diagnostic work-up which is required prior to medical assistance and basic immunology assessment, illustrating the types, severity, number of exacerbations due to disease activity, allergy or infections. As the treatment selection has changed from one size fits all to precision-based medicine, it aims to refine asthma management with right medication usage, neither overuse nor underuse, and initiation of the new hospital administered biologic drugs. Key Features • Covers both respiratory physiology and airway inflammation • Highlights the use of biologic drugs • Discusses precision-based medicine • Explores the comorbidities through clinical cases

Severe asthma is a form of asthma that responds poorly to currently available medication, and its patients represent those with greatest unmet needs. In the last 10 years, substantial progress has been made in terms of understanding some of the mechanisms that drive severe asthma; there have also been concomitant advances in the recognition of specific molecular phenotypes. This ERS Monograph covers all aspects of severe asthma – epidemiology, diagnosis, mechanisms, treatment and management – but has a particular focus on recent understanding of mechanistic heterogeneity based on an analytic approach using various ‘omics platforms applied to clinically well-defined asthma cohorts. How these advances have led to improved management targets is also emphasised. This book brings together the clinical and scientific expertise of those from around the world who are collaborating to solve the problem of severe asthma.

This book presents state of the art knowledge on severe asthma with the aim of providing readers with a clear understanding of, first, the heterogeneity of the condition and of patients’ symptom profiles and responses to therapy and, second, the future implications of this heterogeneity for individualized patient care. After an opening section that offers an overview of severe asthma, including its clinical significance, the pathogenesis, available diagnostic approaches, and treatment options are described in detail. The sections on diagnosis and treatment cover the role of biomarkers, the use of radiologic diagnostic modalities, and both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies, including emerging options that will address hitherto unmet needs of patients. The outcomes of cutting-edge preclinical and clinical research are carefully documented and numerous useful tips provided on patient management. The inclusion of many informative schematic figures will assist readers in grasping the contents easily. The book will be of high value for medical students, researchers, general physicians, specialists, and paramedical staff.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Implementing Precision Medicine in Best Practices of Chronic Airway Diseases provides a comprehensive overview of the application of precision medicine in airway diseases with a goal of promoting optimal control of disease, higher patient satisfaction and disease prevention. As medical research continues to fund this area, the book highlights the need for implementation of the principles of precision medicine into the bedside management of chronic airway diseases. It is clear that chronic airway diseases are heterogeneous and that a personalized approach is warranted whereby treatment is tailored to the level of the individual patient. Written for basic researchers, medical doctors and other healthcare practitioners this book provides guidance on the implementation of the principles of precision medicine into further research and daily clinical practice. Bridges the gap between precision medicine research and the implementation of the principles into daily clinical practice Includes contributions from key opinion leaders in the field of airway disease giving a worldwide perspective Discusses precision medicine in terms of personalized and stratified medicine, biomarkers, prediction of success, participation of the patient and prevention of disease

Asthma is a prevalent disease in all age groups that results from different pathogenic mechanisms, cells, and mediators engaged in innumerous clinical phenotypes and endotypes. This book exhaustively and didactically explores the biological expression of numerous cells and mediators involved in bronchial inflammation. The information provided aims at identifying the diversity and complexity of the interrelationships between the different players, drawing attention to critical mechanisms in asthma. It also highlights the requirement of new tools to identify strong biomarkers absolutely critical for managing asthma.

This book contains a total of 21 chapters, each of which was written by experts in the corresponding field. The objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive and updated overview of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia's impacts on human health, as well as current advances and future directions in the detection, recognition, and management of hypoxia-related disorders. This collection of articles provides a clear update in the area of hypoxia research for biomedical researchers, medical students, nurse practitioners, and practicing clinicians in the fields of high altitude biology, cardiovascular biology and medicine, tumor oncology, obstetrics, pediatrics, and orthodontics and for others who may be interested in hypoxia.