Before The Scrolls

"Before the Scrolls: A Material Approach to Israel's Prophetic Library traces the media history of the biblical prophetic corpus in order to propose a material approach to biblical literature. Though often ignored, the realia of a text's form, format, production, and material substance have profound influence on the meaning of the text. The literature of the Bible was not initially written as discrete books with determined beginnings, middles, and ends. Before the Scrolls argues instead that biblical compositions of length, such as the great prophetic books Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, were initially written on loosely organized collections of multiple short papyrus scrolls. Only later in the Hellenistic era were these compositions edited, organized, and copied into the longer book-scrolls known from the Dead Sea. The shift from prophetic library to linear prophetic book-scroll represents a transformation in material medium that had significant effects on that literature. This material approach to the prophetic corpus suggests novel solutions to classic problems in the field such as the relationship between the MT and LXX of Jeremiah and the between First and Second Isaiah. The failure to account for the materiality of the prophetic corpus has led scholarship to occasionally ask the wrong questions of these compositions and has blinded it to the vital role that Hellenistic bookmakers played in the creation of the Bible as we know it"--

The most accurate time line of the end-times to date. This book contains two time lines that biblically detail what the prophets foretold (digital downloads). The angel told Daniel that what he saw and heard would be sealed up until the end-times; now the end-times are here. Do you want to know the truth? One World Order, One World Religion. The world broken into chunks. Is the USA in the Bible? What physical characteristics do we know about Antichrist? Where will he come from? Who is the False Prophet and what does he try to make you take? When is the devil really kicked out of the third heaven? The 666, have you been using it for decades? The truth about the Rapture. When do the seals, trumpets and bowls happen, and what can we expect? Are the two witnesses just two people or many? The war of Armageddon and the clean up after it. Will there be nuclear war? Are people going to live almost a thousand years old again? Is the Temple Mount the real place of Solomon's Temple? Were there giants before and after the flood? How about dinosaurs, the three heavens? When you die, where do you go? Is there soul sleep? Where is the Red Sea crossing? The real Mt Sinai, Noah's ark, Sodom and Gomorrah. This book will dive into all these topics and more. Finally, find out the truth and what you need to prepare for. This is a battle over our souls, and we need to be well armed and ready.

Publisher Fact Sheet Argues that there was a "messianic forerunner" to Jesus named Menachem who lived a generation earlier & served as a sort of role model for Jesus & his messianic movement.

This volume is concerned with exploring sectarian attitudes toward wealth and the economic practices that gave rise to and issued from those attitudes. An introductory chapter establishes the state of the question. Three subsequent chapters focus on major sectarian texts: the Damascus Document, the Rule of the Community, and 4QInstruction A. Other sectarian and non-sectarian texts that mention wealth are discussed in a fifth chapter, while archaeological evidence from the Qumran region and contemporary documentary texts are introduced in chapters seven and eight. Finally, ancient secondary testimony on Essene economic practices is discussed. The book breaks new ground in arguing for several biblical rationales for the practice of shared wealth. Its integration of archaeological and documentary evidence sheds surprising new light on the economic organization of the Qumran community.

This volume explores nearly every facet of Jesus research -- from eyewitness criteria to the reliability of memory, from archaeology to psychobiography, from oral traditions to literary sources, and from narrative criticism to Gospel criticism. Bringing together a wide variety of topics and perspectives in one volume, this ambitious collaborative enterprise casts light on important debates and encourages creative links between ideas new and old. This distinguished collection of articles by internationally renowned Jewish and Christian scholars originates with the Princeton-Prague Symposium on Jesus Research. It summarizes the significant advances in understanding Jesus that scholars have made in recent years, chiefly through the development of diverse methodologies. Even readers who are already knowledgeable in the field will discover unique angles from well-known New Testament scholars, and all will be brought up to speed on the current state-of-play within Jesus studies.