Carbohydrates

This book contains original papers and reviews on carbohydrate research in medicine, authored by participants of the 29th International Carbohydrate Symposium, where this topic had a special emphasis. The focus on biological events involving carbohydrates and glycoconjugates has delivered reliable approaches for disease treatment and diagnosis. Research on carbohydrate-based compounds for therapeutic applications is illustrated in various contributions, namely those covering the development of novel agents against Alzheimer’s disease, e.g. the neuroprotective C-glucosylated flavones and the isonucleoside-based cholinesterase inhibitors. New imino sugar glucosidase inhibitors are also disclosed, a class of compounds with potential for diabetes, Gaucher disease or cancer treatment. Also the development of a useful synthetic method towards multivalent glycoclusters of biomedical interest is here highlighted. The relevance of glycomimetics in drug discovery and the progress on carbohydrates in early diagnosis and cancer treatment are reviewed. Noteworthy is the chitosan-based delivery system for drug oral administration, a new biomaterial-based approach to improve bioavailability. Another study on the conformation of Streptococcus capsular polysaccharide backbones by molecular modelling provides useful information for bacterial immunotherapeutic approaches. All original contributions and reviews clearly demonstrate the potential of glycosciences for innovation in medicinal (glyco)chemistry and pharmaceutical research.

This book provides the "nuts and bolts" background for a successful study of carbohydrates - the essential molecules that not only give you energy, but are an integral part of many biological processes. A question often asked is 'Why do carbohydrate chemistry?' The answer is simple: It is fundamental to a study of biology. Carbohydrates are the building blocks of life and enable biological processes to take place. Therefore the book will provide a taste for the subject of glycobiology. Covering the basics of carbohydrates and then the chemistry and reactions of carbohydrates this book will enable a chemist to gain essential knowledge that will enable them to move smoothly into the worlds of biochemistry, molecular biology and cell biology. * includes perspective from new co-author Spencer Williams, who enhances coverage of the connection between carbohydrates and life * describes the basic chemistry and biology of carbohydrates * reviews the concepts, synthesis, reactions, and biology of carbohydrates

Molecular Nutrition: Carbohydrates presents the nutritional and molecular aspects of carbohydrates. As part of the Molecular Nutrition includes sections covering carbohydrate metabolism, carbohydrates in the diet, insulin resistance, dietary sugars, cardiometabolic risk, lipoproteins, low-carbohydrate diets, antioxidants, refined dietary sugars, fats, glucose transporters, glucose sensing, the role of phosphorylation, carbohydrate responsive binding protein, cyclic AMP, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, SIRT1, insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GIP receptor (GIPR) genes rRNA and transcription, and more. In addition, the book addresses emerging fields of molecular biology and presents important discoveries relating to diet and nutritional health. Summarizes molecular nutrition in health as related to carbohydrates Addresses emerging fields of molecular biology and presents important discoveries relating to diet and nutritional health Includes key facts, a mini dictionary of terms and summary points

Unique in its broad range of coverage, Food Carbohydrates: Chemistry, Physical Properties and Applications is a comprehensive, single-source reference on the science of food carbohydrates. This text goes beyond explaining the basics of food carbohydrates by emphasizing principles and techniques and their practical application in quality control, pr

Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy providers. Written for young children, this book discusses the main forms of carbs, how they are created, and why they are important. It explains the differences between simple and complex carbohydrates and between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. It details how carbs are broken down in the digestive system into units small enough to be distributed through the bloodstream, absorbed by cells, and converted into energy. Other subjects investigated are carb "loading," major and minor health problems caused by carbs, and the importance of managing the consumption of different types of carbohydrates.

This book is on carbohydrates-the essential molecules that give you energy. They are the building blocks of life. This book delivers up-to-date coverage on all aspects of carbohydrate chemistry. The molecules are sometimes sugars, i.e. "sweet," hence the subtitle "The Sweet Molecules of Life."Carbohydrates first gives the "nuts and bolts" of carbohydrate chemistry, enabling the reader to appreciate the subsequent chapters on protecting groups and the reactions of monosaccharides. (The protecting groups do just that-they are put on the molecules as a temporary measure during one or more reactions to stop the wrong bit of the molecule being changed during that reaction.) * Introduces the basic chemistry of carbohydrates * Describes the concepts, protecting groups, and reactions of carbohydrates* Includes all aspects of the synthesis of the glycosidic linkage* Gives an introduction to glycobiology and vaccines* Includes references to carbohydrate literature

There is a vast and often bewildering array of synthetic methods and reagents available to organic chemists today. The Best Synthetic Methods series allows the practising synthetic chemist to choose between all the alternatives and assess their real advantages and limitations. Each chapter in this book details a particular theme associated with carbohydrate synthesis. A brief review of the subject area is provided, but the emphasis in all cases is on describing efficient practical methods to effect the transformations described. In order for the roles of carbohydrates to be thoroughly analysed and assessed, glycobiologists require access to defined target carbohydrates in useful quantities. Thus carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are now recognized as important targets for total synthesis programmes and it is essential to develop efficient regio- and stereoselective methods for the synthesis of carbohydrates. Whilst carbohydrates can sometimes be isolated from natural sources, synthetic strategies often offer the advantage of allowing access to larger quantities of material as well as entry to analogues of the natural carbohydrates. * The latest volume in the long standing Best Synthetic Methods series * Clear chapter by chapter breakdown of carbohydrate synthesis themes with examples of good practical methods for common carbohydrate syntheses.

Carbohydrate Chemistry for Food Scientists, Third Edition, is a complete update of the critically acclaimed authoritative carbohydrate reference for food scientists. The new edition is fully revised, expanded and redesigned as an easy-to-read resource for students and professionals who need to understand this specialized area. The new edition provides practical information on the specific uses of carbohydrates, the functionalities delivered by specific carbohydrates, and the process for choosing carbohydrate ingredients for specific product applications. Readers will learn basic and specific applications of food carbohydrate organic and physical chemistry through clearly explained presentations of mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides and their chemistry. This new edition includes expanded sections on Maillard browning reaction, dietary fiber, fat mimetics, and polyols, in addition to discussions of physical properties, imparted functionalities, and actual applications. It is an invaluable resource on the chemistry of food carbohydrates for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and a concise, user-friendly, applied reference book for food science professionals. Identifies structures and chemistry of all food carbohydrates – monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides Covers the behavior and functionality of carbohydrates within foods Contains extensive coverage of the structures and properties of individual polysaccharides, including cellulose, inulin, gellans and pectins, amongst others