Carbon Quantum Dots

This book introduces the various aspects of the emerging field of carbon dots. Their structural and physico-chemical properties as well as their current and future potential applications are covered. A special chapter on graphene quantum dots is provided. The reader will also find different synthesis routes for carbon quantum dots.

Written by the founder of the field of carbon “quantum” dots (carbon dots) and related technology, this book outlines the principles of carbon dots and presents strong evidence for that small carbon nanoparticles and by extension carbon dots represent the nanoscale carbon allotrope at zero-dimension. Historical accounts of the inception and evolution of the carbon dots field are provided. Experimental approaches and techniques for the dot synthesis and some related major issues are discussed in detail. The photoexcited state properties, especially the bright and colorful photoluminescence emissions, and photoinduced redox characteristics of carbon dots are presented, and so are their advantages over semiconductor quantum dots as well as fullerenes. Carbon dots are also compared with “graphene quantum dots”, for which a unified mechanistic understanding is proposed. Finally, a broad range of applications of carbon dots and their derived hybrid nanostructures in biomedical, renewable energy, food and environmental safety, and other technologies are highlighted. The book concludes with a discussion on the excellent potential and opportunities for further research and development.

The book provides a thorough survey of current research in quantum dots synthesis, properties, and applications. The unique properties of these new nanomaterials offer multifunctional applications in such fields as photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, lasers, photodetectors, solar cells, biomedical diagnostics and quantum computing. Keywords: Quantum Dots (QD), Photovoltaics, Light-emitting Diodes, Field-effect Transistors, Lasers, Photodetectors, Solar Cells, Biomedical Diagnostics, Quantum Computing, QD Synthesis, Carbon QDs, Graphene QDs, QD Sensors, Supercapacitors, Magnetic Quantum Dots, Cellular/Molecular Separation, Chromatographic Separation Column, Photostability, Luminescence of Carbon QDs, QD Materials for Water Treatment, Semiconductor Quantum Dots, QD Drug Delivery, Antibacterial Quantum Dots.

Carbon-based photocatalysis has been considered as an economic, safe, renewable, and clean technology, for various applications. However, the pristine carbon material is usually restricted by unsatisfactory photocatalytic efficiency and practical applications due to the insufficient solar light absorption, the low-surface area, and the fast recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Various modification strategies, such as elemental and molecular doping, preparation of mesoporous carbon materials, and combination of conductive materials, are adopted to enhance the photocatalytic activity of carbon materials. In this book, we intend to describe the great potential of efficient and low-cost carbon-based materials in various realms, such as photodegradation of organic compounds, water splitting, and selective organic transformations.

The book provides a thorough survey of current research in quantum dots synthesis, properties, and applications. The unique properties of these new nanomaterials offer multifunctional applications in such fields as photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, lasers, photodetectors, solar cells, biomedical diagnostics and quantum computing. Keywords: Quantum Dots (QD), Photovoltaics, Light-emitting Diodes, Field-effect Transistors, Lasers, Photodetectors, Solar Cells, Biomedical Diagnostics, Quantum Computing, QD Synthesis, Carbon QDs, Graphene QDs, QD Sensors, Supercapacitors, Magnetic Quantum Dots, Cellular/Molecular Separation, Chromatographic Separation Column, Photostability, Luminescence of Carbon QDs, QD Materials for Water Treatment, Semiconductor Quantum Dots, QD Drug Delivery, Antibacterial Quantum Dots.

Carbon Quantum Dots for Sustainable Energy and Optoelectronics reviews the synthesis, properties, and applications of carbon nanodots. This book provides readers with an overview of the key advances in the development of carbon quantum dots including synthesis and surface engineering strategies such as pyrolysis-based synthesis, biomass-based synthesis, functionalization, and other methods toward large-scale development of these carbon nanomaterials. The emerging applications of carbon quantum dots in different fields, such as energy harvesting, energy storage, and biomedical applications, are thoroughly reviewed, emphasizing the impact of enhanced properties of carbon quantum dots for these applications. Carbon Quantum Dots for Sustainable Energy and Optoelectronics is suitable for graduate students, materials scientists, and engineers working in academia and industry. This book is also beneficial for the interdisciplinary community of researchers and practitioners working in the field of nanotechnology. Introduces recent advances in the understanding of carbon quantum dots, including relevant synthesis and surface engineering strategies for their large-scale development Provides an overview of the most relevant applications of carbon quantum dots for the development of sustainable technologies in optoelectronics and energy storage and production Discusses future research directions and remaining challenges towards the commercial translation of carbon quantum dots

Nano-bioimaging is a real-time observation method for the study of biological processes in subcellular structures and entire cells. This technique aims to interfere as little as possible with life processes using nanoscale materials and probes. In this method, nanoscale photon source is often used for imaging, and 3D structure of the observed specimen is studied in detail without physical interference. Over the last decade, further boost in bioimaging has led to increase the nano-bioimaging impact that includes many improvements in the data analysis method, image processing, and molecular imaging technology. However, to increase the usage of nano-bioimaging, several developments in the field of diagnosis accuracy, photobleaching prevention, and controlling of the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) must be achieved. The purpose of this book is to provide a perspective on the current status of nano-bioimaging technologies.

Carbon Dots in Analytical Chemistry: Detection and Imaging explores recent progress in the field of carbon dots synthesis and properties and their integration with various miniaturized analytical devices for the detection of chemical species and imaging of cells. This book is dedicated to exploring the potential applications of carbon dots in analytical chemistry for clinical microbiology, pharmaceutical analysis and environmental analysis. Sections cover synthetic approaches and properties, sample preparation, analytical techniques for the detection of chemical species, imaging of molecules and cells, and analytical tools for biomedical and food analysis. The will be a valuable book for analytical and materials scientists, physical and chemical scientists, and engineers investigating the use of carbon nanomaterials in their analytical procedures. Provides basic knowledge on the preparation and properties of carbon dots and their uses to remove toxic chemical species Integrates knowledge from the fabrication, mechanics, materials science and reliability points-of-view Covers carbon-dot-based optical methods for assaying trace-level target analytes