Cartilage Repair Strategies

The focus of this book is to create a comprehensive analysis of cartilage injury and repair strategies. Twenty chapters cover proven and emerging procedures and methodologies. Readers will be able to understand the clinical problem, appropriate diagnosis, and repair strategies relevant to first line and secondary cartilage repair procedures.

In three Volumes this mini book series presents current knowledge and new perspectives on cartilage as a specialized yet versatile tissue. This third volume provides insight into current and future treatment strategies for repair of cartilage lesions. This book addresses Professors, researchers and PhD students who are interested in musculoskeletal and cartilage pathobiology and tissue-engineering.

This comprehensive book discusses cartilage repair and all its aspects. These aspects vary from basic insights in cartilage biology and regeneration via MRI, to results of existing cartilage repair techniques and upcoming novel approaches. Fundamental cartilage biology is the topic covered within the first chapters of the book. These chapters not only provide an insight in healthy, damaged and regenerative cartilage but also describe developments in gene therapy and methods to enhance chondrogenesis of stemcells and prevent hypertophic differentiation. There is a huge progress in the possibilities of MR imaging of both healthy, damaged and regenerative cartilage. These developments not only enable better monitoring of cartilage repair but may also unravel the pathophysiology of the development of cartilage defects. Different cartilage repair techniques (e.g. allografts, autologous chondrocytes transplantation [ACT], microfracture), there technical aspects (e.g. developments towards an total arthroscopic approach), pitfalls, and outcomes are reported in the following chapters. In these chapters factors important for the results of cartilage repair such as meniscal repair, patient factors are described. Finally, an overview of novel cartilage repair techniques such as minced cartilage, denovo cartilage and more areas are discussed in this comprehensive addition to the literature.

Tissue engineering as a technology and as a therapeutic has captured worldwide attention and commitmentbecause it has such potential in the care of humanity. Because we are not as yet able to craft robust three dimensional vascular and ductal structures to support the development of complex parenchymal organs, the initial focus of the field has been on thin tissues that can be nourished by diffusion alone.The best example of this class is cartilage. Thought by some to be a relatively simple tissue in the early days of tissue engineering, deep study of this tissue has shown it to manifest great complexity.Yearsof experimental and clinical effort have begun to untangle the clues that will allow us to reproducibly characterize, gener ate and clinically apply engineered cartilage with positive effects.World wide researchers and clinicians are intently focused on this goal and it has come time to step back and make a good assessment of our progress.

Now in a revised and expanded second edition, this practical text utilizes the most current evidence and knowledge of articular cartilage as the basis for clinical interventions for cartilage repair and restoration, combining an overview of clinical research and methodologies with clinical cases to help guide the orthopedic treatment and care of patients presenting with cartilage issues. Carefully updated chapters discuss the state-of-the-art in cartilage anatomy, defects and imaging, current tibiofemoral and patellofemoral surgical options, debridement and marrow stimulation, osteochondral autografts and allografts, osteotomies, cell therapy, and meniscal transplantation. New chapters explore new surgical treatment strategies and revision for failed cartilage repair, case vignettes presenting real-life treatment decisions and outcomes, and rehabilitation protocols following cartilage repair. Written and edited by experts in the field and bringing the most recent literature and research to bear, Cartilage Restoration remains a valuable resource on joint preservation for orthopedic surgeons, residents, and fellows, sports medicine specialists and rheumatologists.

Cartilage injuries of the knee are common, and diagnosis and treatment options have continued to evolve. This book focuses on current non-operative and surgical treatment strategies for articular cartilage injuries, highlighting the controversies and different approaches from an international perspective. This book includes information on the basic science of cartilage structure and function, expert perspectives on imaging and diagnosing, as well as work-up of athletes and patients presenting with acute or chronic cartilage injury. It also provides an evidence base for current cutting-edge cartilage repair and restoration. Written by leading experts in the field, the book, published in collaboration with ISAKOS and ICRS, is vital reading for orthopaedic and sports medicine surgeons, fellows and residents. It is also of interest to sports trainers, physiotherapists, medical students, postgraduate students, and physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists.

The present book recapitulates the articles published within the Special Issue "Cartilage Repair and Regeneration: Focus on Multi-Disciplinary Strategies", Applied Sciences, MDPI, dealing with the innovative multi-disciplinary therapeutic approaches for musculoskeletal diseases. In particular the published studies space from advanced 3D bioprinting technology to obtain a scaffold with different zonal cell densities, and biphasic scaffold (ChondroMimetic) construction, pass through the comparison of different techniques for cartilage regeneration such as of mosaicplasty and matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) and histopathological features of osteochondral units, and end with the considerations regarding development of bioreactors able to mimic the biomechanical load on chondrocytes in vitro, giving some interesting insights in this specific scientific field.

The present book recapitulates the articles published within the Special Issue "Cartilage Repair and Regeneration: Focus on Multi-Disciplinary Strategies", Applied Sciences, MDPI, dealing with the innovative multi-disciplinary therapeutic approaches for musculoskeletal diseases. In particular the published studies space from advanced 3D bioprinting technology to obtain a scaffold with different zonal cell densities, and biphasic scaffold (ChondroMimetic) construction, pass through the comparison of different techniques for cartilage regeneration such as of mosaicplasty and matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) and histopathological features of osteochondral units, and end with the considerations regarding development of bioreactors able to mimic the biomechanical load on chondrocytes in vitro, giving some interesting insights in this specific scientific field.