Catalysis By Gold

Research on designing new catalytic systems has been one of the most important fields in modern organic chemistry. One reason for this is the predominant contribution of catalysis to the concepts of atom economy and green chemistry in the 21st century. Gold, considered catalytically inactive for a long time, is now a fascinating partner of modern chemistry, as scientists such as Bond, Teles, Haruta, Hutchings, Ito and Hayashi opened new perspectives for the whole synthetic chemist community. This book presents the major advances in homogeneous catalysis, emphasizing the methodologies that create carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds, the applications that create diversity and synthesize natural products, and the recent advances and challenges in asymmetric catalysis and computational research. It provides readers with in-depth information about homogeneous gold-catalyzed reactions and presents several explanations for the scientific design of a catalyst. Readers will be able to understand the entire gold area and find solutions to problems in catalysis. Gold Catalysis — An Homogeneous Approach is part of the Catalytic Science Series and features prominent authors who are experts in their respective fields. Contents:From Gold in Nature to Gold Catalysts (Søren Kramer and Fabien Gagosz)Homogeneous Gold-Catalyzed Oxidation and Reduction Reactions (Liming Zhang)Gold-Catalyzed Addition of Carbon Nucleophiles to C–C Multiple Bonds, Carbonyls, and other Electrophiles (Bryon L Simmons and Hong C Shen)Gold-Catalyzed Addition of Heteroatom Nucleophile to C–C Multiple Bond (Naoki Asao, Naoya Hatakeyama and Yoshinori Yamamoto)Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles (Antonio Arcadi)Gold-Catalyzed Multi-Component Reactions (Rachid Skouta and Chao-Jun Li)Gold Catalysis on Tandem and Cascade Reactions (Rai-Shung Liu)Cycloisomerization Reactions of 1, N-Enynes (Núria Huguet and Antonio M Echavarren)Gold-Catalyzed Reactions of Propargylic Esters (Louis Fensterbank, Jean-Philippe Goddard, Max Malacria and Antoine Simonneau)Gold-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions (Suzanne A Blum)Gold-Catalyzed Reactions: A Computational Approach (Elena Soriano and José Marco-Contelles)Recent Developments in Asymmetric Catalysis (Patrick Y Toullec, Alexandre Pradal and Véronique Michelet)Gold Catalysis in Natural Product Synthesis (Michael R Gesinski and F Dean Toste) Readership: Graduate students and researchers in organic chemistry. Key Features:First book on homogeneous gold catalysisProminent authorsFrom catalysts design to target-oriented applicationsA fascinating partner for modern chemistryKeywords:Gold;Catalysis;Heterocycles;Tandem;Cascade ReactionsReviews: “Gold Catalysis gives an excellent overview of a rapidly growing field. All of the thirteen chapters are written by the best practitioners. This book is certainly a “must” for laboratories working with coinage metals, but also for any organometallic group.” Guy Bertrand Distinguished Professor, University of California, San Diego Director of the UCSD/CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory (UMI 3555)

Gold has traditionally been regarded as inactive as a catalytic metal. However, the advent of nanoparticulate gold on high surface area oxide supports has demonstrated its high catalytic activity in many chemical reactions. Gold is active as a heterogeneous catalyst in both gas and liquid phases, and complexes catalyse reactions homogeneously in solution. Many of the reactions being studied will lead to new application areas for catalysis by gold in pollution control, chemical processing, sensors and fuel cell technology. This book describes the properties of gold, the methods for preparing gold catalysts and ways to characterise and use them effectively in reactions. The reaction mechanisms and reasons for the high activities are discussed and the applications for gold catalysis considered./a

With its impressive features, gold has led to completely new reaction types in recent years, which in turn have strongly influenced both organic catalysis and material science. Other fields where a significant amount of new results has been obtained include nanotechnology, self assembly/supramolecular systems and biochemical/medicinal chemistry. As a result, gold is one of the hottest topics in catalysis at the moment, with an increasing amount of research being carried out in this field. While focusing on homogeneous catalysis, this monograph also covers the main applications in heterogeneous catalysis. Following a look at the gold-catalyzed addition of heteroatom nucleophiles to alkynes, it goes on to discuss gold-catalyzed additions to allenes and alkenes, gold-catalyzed benzannulations, cycloisomerization and rearrangement reactions, as well as oxidation and reduction reactions. The whole is finished off with a section on gold-catalyzed aldol and related reactions and the application of gold-catalyzed reactions to natural product synthesis. Of interest to synthetic chemists and inorganic chemists, as well as organic chemists working in homogeneous catalysis, physical and technical chemists.

Gold, considered catalytically inactive for a long time, is now a fascinating partner of modern chemistry, as scientists such as Bond, Teles, Haruta, Hutchings, Ito and Hayashi opened new perspectives for the whole synthetic chemist community. Recently gold has attracted significant attention due to its advantageous characteristics as a catalytic material and since it allows easy functionalization with biologically active molecules. In this context, when gold is prepared as very small particles, it turns out to be a highly active catalyst. However, such a phenomenon completely disappears when the gold particle size grows into the micrometer range. Therefore, the preparation for obtaining an active gold catalyst is so important. The primary objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of gold metal nanoparticles and their application as promising catalysts.

Since the first report on alcohol oxidation in 1998, many studies have highlighted some peculiarity of gold with respect to other metals. Some analogies have been found between gas and liquid phases, but the big challenge to operate in a condensed phase lies in the role of the solvent in tuning the reactant–catalyst contact. Liquid-phase oxidation has numerous applications. However, many studies on gold catalysts have been devoted to gas-phase reactions. Only recently has the scientific community approached gold-catalyzed liquid-phase oxidation. This complete, exhaustive book covers the topic of gold-based catalyst applications in selective oxidation in the liquid phase. It presents a rational state of the art and will be useful for researchers, even those not yet involved in the field.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research chemists at universities or in industry, graduate students.

Research on designing new catalytic systems has been one of the most important fields in modern organic chemistry, and one reason for this is the predominant contribution of catalysis to the concepts of atom economy and green chemistry in the 21st century. Gold, considered catalytically inactive for a long time, is now a fascinating partner of modern chemistry, as scientists such as Bond, Haruta, Hutchings, Ito and Hayashi opened new perspectives for the whole synthetic chemist community. This book presents the major advances in homogeneous catalysis, emphasizing the methodologies that create carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds, the applications that create diversity and synthesize natural products, and the recent advances and challenges in asymmetric catalysis and computational research. The Handbook of Homogeneous Gold Catalysis provides readers with in-depth information about gold-catalyzed reactions and presents several explanations for the scientific design of a catalyst. Readers will be able to understand the entire gold area and find solutions to problems in catalysis. Featuring prominent authors, who are experts in their respective fields, this is the first book dedicated to homogeneous gold chemistry. Contents: From Gold in Nature to Gold Catalysts (S Kramer and F Gagosz); Oxidation and Reduction Reactions (L Zhang); Gold-Catalyzed Addition of Carbon Nucleophile to C-C Multiple Bond (B Simmons and H C Shen); Gold-Catalyzed Addition of Heteroatom Nucleophile to C-C Multiple Bond (N Asao, N Hatakeyama and Y Yamamoto); Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles (A Arcadi); Multi-Component Reactions (R Skouta and C J Li); Gold Catalyzed Tandem and Cascade Reactions (R-S Liu); Cycloisomerization Reactions of 1, n -Enynes (N Huguet and A Echavarren); Gold-Catalyzed Reaction of Propargylic Esters (L Fensterbank, J-P Goddard, M Malacria and S Simonneau); Gold-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions (S Blum); Gold-Catalyzed Reactions: A Computational Approach (E Soriano & J Marco-Contelles); Asymmetric Gold-Catalyzed Reactions (P Y Toullec, A Pradal and V Michelet); Gold Catalysis in Natural Product Synthesis (M Gesinski and F D Toste). Readership: Student, professionals.

Once considered an inert element, gold has recently gained attention as a catalyst. With hundreds of papers being published each year, this book presents a comprehensive review of this rapidly-evolving field, with contributions by leading experts across the globe. Going through the chapters citing the primary literature, the reader will gain a thorough background to the use of gold in catalysis, as well as the latest methods for the preparation of gold catalysts. Other chapters demonstrate the characterisation and modelling of gold-catalysed reactions, with consideration given to both the fundamentals and commercial applications of this emerging group of catalysts.Written to be accessible by postgraduates and newcomers to the field, this book will also benefit experienced researchers and therefore be an essential reference in the laboratory.