Cell Lineage And Embryo Patterning

International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology, both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research. This volume brings together current information on the localization and roles of RNAs in cell-lineage determination and subsequent patterning in embryonic development. Guest co-editor Lawrence Etkin is one of the leading researchers in molecular genetics of Xenopus. Key Features * A number of important concepts are discussed, including: * How polarity is established during oogenesis * How germ cell determinants become organized in the establishment of the germ cell lineage * Different strategies used by organisms to establish the germ cell lineage * Similarities and differences between the mechanisms used in embryonic patterning * The mechanisms and machinery by which molecules such as RNA become asymmetrically segregated * The use of similar signaling pathways in patterning of the dorsal-ventral and right-left asymmetries, embryonic germ layers, limb, and nervous system * The link between fundamental biological processes such as RNA translation and localization in the regulation of axis specification

International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology, both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research. This volume brings together current information on the localization and roles of RNAs in cell-lineage determination and subsequent patterning in embryonic development. Guest co-editor Lawrence Etkin is one of the leading researchers in molecular genetics of Xenopus. Key Features * A number of important concepts are discussed, including: * How polarity is established during oogenesis * How germ cell determinants become organized in the establishment of the germ cell lineage * Different strategies used by organisms to establish the germ cell lineage * Similarities and differences between the mechanisms used in embryonic patterning * The mechanisms and machinery by which molecules such as RNA become asymmetrically segregated * The use of similar signaling pathways in patterning of the dorsal-ventral and right-left asymmetries, embryonic germ layers, limb, and nervous system * The link between fundamental biological processes such as RNA translation and localization in the regulation of axis specification

International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology, both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research. This volume brings together current information on the localization and roles of RNAs in cell-lineage determination and subsequent patterning in embryonic development. Guest co-editor Lawrence Etkin is one of the leading researchers in molecular genetics of Xenopus. Key Features * A number of important concepts are discussed, including: * How polarity is established during oogenesis * How germ cell determinants become organized in the establishment of the germ cell lineage * Different strategies used by organisms to establish the germ cell lineage * Similarities and differences between the mechanisms used in embryonic patterning * The mechanisms and machinery by which molecules such as RNA become asymmetrically segregated * The use of similar signaling pathways in patterning of the dorsal-ventral and right-left asymmetries, embryonic germ layers, limb, and nervous system * The link between fundamental biological processes such as RNA translation and localization in the regulation of axis specification

Contributors to this symposium focus on the interface between genes and cells, covering genetic analysis, cloning studies, and the investigation of cell lineages and cellular interactions. They note how the body axes are already determined in the eggs of invertebrates and amphibia, then consider the mechanisms as the egg cleaves, in annelids, arthropods, amphibia, and mice that underlie assignation of cells to specific lineages, which give rise to different tissues in the adult. Closing chapters characterize the molecules that mediate each cell's particular fate, its position in the final body plan as the result of cell sorting or, in some cases, cell migration.

Cell Fate in Mammalian Development, Volume 128, the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, provides reviews on cell fate in mammalian development. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors, with this release including sections on the Specification of extra-embryonic lineages during mouse pre-implantation development, Cell polarity and fate specification, The circuitry that drives trophectoderm identity, Breaking symmetry and the dynamics of transcription factors directing cell fate specification, Mechanics and cell fate, How physical properties of cells change in development and their effect on cell fate decisions, and more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Includes new sections on the specification of extra-embryonic lineages during mouse pre-implantation development, cell polarity and fate specification, the circuitry that drives trophectoderm identity, and more Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series

The relationship of cell lineage and differentiation is one of the most intriguing problems in developmental biology. In most higher organisms, the analysis of the cell lineage has to rely on indirect methods. Only in the most suitable systems, like the nematodes, can the pattern of cell division be determined by direct observation under the microscope. In cases where this is not possible, the fate of the cells has to be examined by using cell markers. Most suitable for this purpose are genetic markers, provided that they do not interfere with the developmental pathway to be studied. However, suitable genetic markers and techniques for generating genetic mosaics are available in a few organisms only. Therefore, this volume is largely concerned with Drosophila and the mouse, which have been studied most extensively. In 1929 STURTEVANT introduced the analysis of gynandromorphs into devel opmental genetics. However, this important contribution remained largely unnoticed until the late sixties, when the potential of this technique for deter mining embryonic fate maps and the number of primordial cells was exploited, and the methodology extended to the mapping of mutational foci. Mitotic recombination was demostrated by STER:-

The formation of a complex multicellular organism from a single cell is one of the most amazing processes of biology. Embryonic development is characterised by the careful regulation of cellular behaviours such that cells proliferate, migrate, differentiate and form tissues at the correct place and time. These processes are genetically controlled and depend both on the history of cells, their lineage, and on the activities of signalling pathways, which coordinate the cell interactions leading to organogenesis. The aim of the Frontiers research topic “Signalling pathways in embryonic development” has been to provide a forum for experts in cell and developmental biology to share recent advances in the field of signalling during embryonic development. Sixteen articles in a variety of formats are united in this Topic, offering a valuable collection for researchers looking for an update in the knowledge of signalling pathways operating during embryogenesis. The works, focused mainly on vertebrates, explore different aspects of this theme from cell communication to organ formation and have implications for areas as distant as evolution or pathology. Understanding developmental signalling pathways is important for several reasons. It gives us information about basic mechanisms of cell function and interactions needed for morphogenesis and organogenesis. It uncovers the basis of congenital malformations, since errors at any step of cell signalling during development are a major cause of defects. This fundamental insight gives us clues to understand the mechanisms operating in evolution that explain diversity in form and function. And finally, it allows the identification of possible causes of disease in the adult organism (such as cancer or degenerative diseases) pinpointing possible targets for therapeutic approaches.