Coal Ash

"Due to rising energy demand, the amount of coal utilization is escalating at a fast rate, leading to a rise in ash generation. Coal Fly Ash: Properties, Applications and Performance begins by presenting a study wherein the physiochemical properties of coal ash were analysed and based on that, their potential for reuse was identified. Next, the synergy between Portland cement and coal fly ash was investigated. Raw materials were characterized in terms of chemical and mineralogical composition and physical properties. Mortars were manufactured and the effect of the addition of different ratios of coal fly ash (0-80 wt %) as a partial substitute of Portland cement was studied. Following this, an investigation was carried out to explore the behaviour of coal ash with hydrated lime as mineral filler in hot mix asphalt, in an attempt to determine a sustainable solution for the management of coal ash in Mauritius. The closing chapter describes the synthesis process used to obtain zeolite Na-A from coal fly ash via fusion with NaOH followed by hydrothermal reaction. Coal fly ash is a low cost source of both silica and alumina. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 for zeolite 4A formation was achieved through the addition of sodium aluminate solution/aluminum waste as aluminum sources"--

This is a concise book with comprehensive information on coal and biomass ash generated from their combustion in thermal power plants. It presents detailed studies on ash generated from contrasting coal and biomass feedstocks, and provides a comparative evaluation of these different ashes in terms of their origin, properties, environmental hazards. Potential utilizations with specific advantages and disadvantages of the respective ashes are elaborated in detail, including some innovative means of ash utilization for value addition purposes. By addressing both the theory and commercial exploitation of these products, this book will be helpful for industrialists, academicians and researchers alike.

Phytomanagement of Fly Ash brings together the recent and established knowledge of different aspects of fly ash management, providing a cutting-edge synthesis of scientific and experiential knowledge on contaminated site restoration. Phytomanagement of Fly Ash provides readers with ecologically friendly and cost-effective solutions to decontaminate fly ash polluted sites, along with potential opportunities in phytoremediation that also yield biodiesel, aromatic oil, bio-fortified products and pulp-paper biomass. The book also focuses on novel topics, such as afforestation on fly ash catena, adaptive management, potential sink for carbon sequestration, and ecosystem goods and services. This book is a useful reference for environmental professionals in the coal industry, ecological planners and managers, students, practitioners and policymakers involved in phytoremediation. Provides a holistic approach to fly ash, covering the ecological, economic and social issues related to its management Addresses the multiple industrial uses of fly ash Includes strategies to mitigate costs related to fly ash dump restoration

This book draws together a large quantity of research that has been carried out on pulverised fuel ash (PFA) over the past 30 years.In addition to covering the potential uses of PFA it provides an overview of the benefits of use.

Coal Combustion Products (CCPs): Their Nature, Utilization and Beneficiation is a valuable resource for engineers and scientists from the coal, cement, concrete, and construction industries seeking an in-depth guide to the characteristics, utilization, beneficiation, and environmental impacts of coal combustion by-products. Researchers in universities working in this area will also find much to expand their knowledge. The book provides a detailed overview of the different waste materials produced during power generation from coal, exploring their nature, beneficiation techniques, applications, and environmental impacts. Strong focus is placed on coal fly ash, bottom ash, and flue gas desulfurization materials, and their employment in cement, concrete, gypsum products, aggregates, road construction, geotechnics, and agriculture, among other products and industries. Part 1 focuses on the nature of coal ashes, with chapters on their origin, generation, and storage, both in ponds and landfill. The coal combustion by-products produced as a result of clean coal technologies are the focus of the final chapter in the section. The next group of chapters in Part 2 considers the utilization of different waste materials, including the key products coal fly ash, bottom ash, and flue gas desulfurization materials. This is followed by a contribution reviewing the latest research into innovative and advanced uses for coal ash. After an introduction to ash quality problems and quality monitoring, Part 3 concentrates on the essential area of by-product beneficiation techniques, in other words how to maximize the quality of materials for the end user. Topics covered include separation methods, thermal processing, and chemical passivation. The final section of the book addresses environmental issues, including the use of coal combustion by-products in green construction materials and the essential health and safety considerations associated with their use. An essential reference on the nature, reactivity, beneficiation, potential and environmental risks of coal-combustion by-products Contains an in-depth review of the origin and geochemistry of coal ash Explores the utilization of coal combustion by-products as supplementary cementitious materials to reduce the anthropomorphic greenhouse gas emissions associated with the use of ordinary Portland cement concrete Describes the essential area of the toxicology of coal combustion by-products

Fly ash is a by-product of the combustion of coal and other waste materials. In recent years, there has been intensive research on fly ash because of the increasing demand for the recycling of industrial by-products to improve sustainability in manufacturing and infrastructure. This book presents some of the latest developments in the generation, characterisation, utilisation and environmental impacts of fly ash. Recent developments on the methods of collection and analysis of fly ash, and novel applications such as in geopolymers and recovery of resources from fly ash are included. The book is intended for professionals in research and academics, and students interested in materials and sustainability. The book consists of 17 chapters contributed by 42 authors. Each chapter ends with an extensive list of references for further information. The topics on fly ash have been grouped into the following three parts: Part 1: various sources, methods of collection, factors influencing collection efficiency, flow and hydrodynamic behaviours, methods of characterisation, physical, chemical, leaching and radiation properties, and extraction of metals from fly ash; Part 2: different technological initiatives on utilisation, applications in the construction industry, use as a supplementary cementitious material, alkali-activated binder, polypropylene composite materials, and behaviour of fly ash geopolymer concrete; and Part 3: health and environmental issues such as the effects on lung and heart, bioleaching for detoxification, ash from incinerated wastes, and lifecycle assessment of civil structures using fly ash.