Coding Ockham S Razor

This book explores inductive inference using the minimum message length (MML) principle, a Bayesian method which is a realisation of Ockham's Razor based on information theory. Accompanied by a library of software, the book can assist an applications programmer, student or researcher in the fields of data analysis and machine learning to write computer programs based upon this principle. MML inference has been around for 50 years and yet only one highly technical book has been written about the subject. The majority of research in the field has been backed by specialised one-off programs but this book includes a library of general MML–based software, in Java. The Java source code is available under the GNU GPL open-source license. The software library is documented using Javadoc which produces extensive cross referenced HTML manual pages. Every probability distribution and statistical model that is described in the book is implemented and documented in the software library. The library may contain a component that directly solves a reader's inference problem, or contain components that can be put together to solve the problem, or provide a standard interface under which a new component can be written to solve the problem. This book will be of interest to application developers in the fields of machine learning and statistics as well as academics, postdocs, programmers and data scientists. It could also be used by third year or fourth year undergraduate or postgraduate students.

This book uses philosophy, science and probability to analyse why simpler theories are better than theories that are more complex.

This book uses philosophy, science and probability to analyse why simpler theories are better than theories that are more complex.

The Routledge Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Applied Linguistics provides accessible and concise explanations of key concepts and terms related to research methods in applied linguistics. Encompassing the three research paradigms of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, this volume is an essential reference for any student or researcher working in this area. This volume provides: A–Z coverage of 570 key methodological terms from all areas of applied linguistics; detailed analysis of each entry that includes an explanation of the head word, visual illustrations, cross-references to other terms, and further references for readers; an index of core concepts for quick reference. Comprehensively covering research method terminology used across all strands of applied linguistics, this encyclopedia is a must-have reference for the applied linguistics community.

FROM NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLING AUTHOR DR. JASON FUNG • “The doctor who invented intermittent fasting.” —The Daily Mail “Dr. Fung reveals how [type 2 diabetes] can be prevented and also reversed using natural dietary methods instead of medications … This is an important and timely book. Highly recommended.” —Dr. Mark Hyman, author of The Pegan Diet “Dr. Jason Fung has done it again. … Get this book!” —Dr. Steven R. Gundry, author of The Plant Paradox Everything you believe about treating type 2 diabetes is wrong. Today, most doctors, dietitians, and even diabetes specialists consider type 2 diabetes to be a chronic and progressive disease—a life sentence with no possibility of parole. But the truth, as Dr. Fung reveals in this groundbreaking book, is that type 2 diabetes is reversible. Writing with clear, persuasive language, Dr. Fung explains why conventional treatments that rely on insulin or other blood-glucose-lowering drugs can actually exacerbate the problem, leading to significant weight gain and even heart disease. The only way to treat type 2 diabetes effectively, he argues, is proper dieting and intermittent fasting—not medication. “The Diabetes Code is unabashedly provocative yet practical ... a clear blueprint for everyone to take control of their blood sugar, their health, and their lives.”—Dr. Will Cole, author of Intuitive Fasting

What is presented in this is not a topic-by-topic review of what is already known but rather; it pulls together what is already known and combines this information with fresh new insights with a singular focus. The book establishes the common thread leading to a new way to establish 2-way Extraterrestrial Communication. This presentation is unique and has never before been conceived or put to the test. For the past decade, the author has been conducting research and studying the science of extraterrestrial existence and extraterrestrial communication means and methods. The result of all of the research in combination with the dream-like vision of an extraterrestrial communication code has culminated into the publication of two books on the subject. This book is the second. The vision came to the author is very much the same sort of vision several Nobel Prize winning scientist experienced leading to their discoveries (cited herein). This book takes the reader on a journey that leads directly to a scientifically based hypothesis about establishing ET communication. It further presents the foundation of an experiment designed to put that hypothesis to the test consistent with the universally accepted standard scientific method. The next step is to execute the experiment proposed and get ready to communicate with our brothers out there in the universe beyond earth.

Ockham Explained is an important and much-needed resource on William of Ockham, one of the most important philosophers of the Middle Ages. His eventful and controversial life was marked by sharp career moves and academic and ecclesiastical battles. At 28, Ockham was a conservative English theologian focused obsessively on the nature of language, but by 40, he had transformed into a fugitive friar, accused of heresy, and finally protected by the German emperor as he composed incendiary treatises calling for strong limits on papal authority. This book provides a thorough grounding in Ockham's life and his many contributions to philosophy. It begins with an overview of the philosopher's youth and the Aristotelian philosophy he studied as a boy. Subsequent chapters cover his ideas on language and logic; his metaphysics and vaunted "razor," as well as his opponents' "anti-razor" theories; his invention of the church-state separation; and much more. The concluding chapter sums up Ockham's compelling philosophical personality and explains his modern appeal.

Code Name: Zeus is a story about immigrants from several countries coming together in a remote place in Texas to make their way as Americans. They left their grim existences in faraway parts of the world with no assurance they would find success and happiness. Kursk, TX and surrounding area, settled by German Russian immigrants in the early 20th century, suffered greatly from the dual impact of the Dust Bowl years and the Great Depression, only to be saved by two other newcomers from Europe who are great believers in capitalism and the American way of life. After making a vast fortune starting on the streets of New Orleans, Louisiana, and around Beaumont, Texas, Russian immigrant Robert Barzinsky and his junior partner, Jack Barnett, a native of Ireland, move to Kursk. They ranch, drill for oil, and create a secret project to prepare for a major worldwide disaster with help of several techies. Government agencies and sinister organizations in the United States and around the world closely follow the activities in and around the small town.