Cognitive Radio Networks Optimization With Spectrum Sensing Algorithms

In recent years, a considerable amount of effort has been devoted, both in industry and academia, towards the efficient utilization of the available spectrum under the various propagation models which lead towards the design and dimensioning of the future network Internet of Things (IoT).This book focuses on Television White Space (TVWS) opportunities and regulatory aspects for cognitive radio applications, and includes case studies for the exploitation of TVWS depending on user's mobility, and the geo-location between user and the Base Station. The book presents recent advances in spectrum sensing, reflecting state of the art technology and research achievements in this area as well as a new insights in spectrum sensing of performance modeling, analysis and worldwide applications. Technical topics discussed include: • Novel Application of TV White Space• Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio• Cooperative Spectrum Sensing• DoA Estimation Algorithms

Cognitive radios (CR) technology is capable of sensing its surrounding environment and adapting its internal states by making corresponding changes in certain operating parameters. CR is envisaged to solve the problems of the limited available spectrum and the inefficiency in the spectrum usage. CR has been considered in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), which enable wireless devices to dynamically establish networks without necessarily using a fixed infrastructure. The changing spectrum environment and the importance of protecting the transmission of the licensed users of the spectrum mainly differentiate classical MANETs from CR-MANETs. The cognitive capability and re-configurability of CR-MANETs have opened up several areas of research which have been explored extensively and continue to attract research and development. The book will describe CR-MANETs concepts, intrinsic properties and research challenges of CR-MANETs. Distributed spectrum management functionalities, such as spectrum sensing and sharing, will be presented. The design, optimization and performance evaluation of security issues and upper layers in CR-MANETs, such as transport and application layers, will be investigated.

This comprehensive reference text discusses concepts of cognitive radio and the advances in the field of spectrum sensing. This text discusses the concept of cognitive radio for next generation wireless communication and a very critical aspect of cognitive radio – that is, spectrum sensing – in detail. It covers important topics including narrowband spectrum sensing, wideband spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing, system and channel models, detection algorithms, approximation of decision statistics, and theoretical analysis of detection algorithms in detail. Separate chapters are dedicated to discussing the analysis and use of detection algorithms for narrowband spectrum sensing, wideband spectrum sensing, and cooperative wideband spectrum sensing. Aimed at graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering and electronics and communication engineering, this text: Discusses concepts of cognitive radio and research in spectrum sensing. Presents mathematical analysis of algorithms considering practical environment. Explains novel wideband spectrum sensing algorithms with detailed analysis. Provides mathematical derivations to help readers. Discusses basic spectrum sensing algorithms, from narrowband spectrum sensing to the more advanced wideband spectrum sensing.

Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2020 in the subject Engineering - Communication Technology, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: Cooperative spectrum sensing technique is used to maximize the utilization of unused licensed spectrum. As the cooperation among the secondary users increases the detection performance increases, which increases the average channel throughput and energy efficiency but it depends on the number of cooperative secondary users, fusion rules, channel conditions and detection threshold. In this thesis average channel throughput, energy consumption and energy efficiency are estimated for variable number of secondary users and detection thresholds using hard fusion rules i.e. AND, OR and MAJORITY fusion rules. From the results it has been observed that the performance of AND fusion rule is better at low detection thresholds and for less number of secondary users. The performance of OR fusion rule is better at high detection thresholds and for large number of secondary users. The performance of MAJORITY fusion rule follows the performance of AND fusion rule at low detection thresholds and it follows the performance of OR fusion rule at high detection thresholds. However as the number of cooperative secondary users increases the energy required for spectrum sensing and reporting sensing results to the fusion center increases, which increases the energy consumption and reduces the energy efficiency. Therefore energy efficiency can be improved by maximizing the average channel throughput or by minimizing the energy consumption. To minimize the energy consumption in cooperative spectrum sensing, optimization technique has been proposed in this thesis and it is used for further improvement of energy efficiency. With this optimization technique, optimal number of cooperative secondary users are derived by maximizing the energy efficiency using AND and OR fusion rules but not with MAJORITY fusion rule. Because it is very difficult to estimate the optimal number of cooperative secondary users using MAJORITY fusion rule, so optimization of final decision threshold was proposed in the existing methods to maximize the energy efficiency using MAJORITY fusion rule. Therefore AND and OR fusion rules are used in this work to optimize the number of cooperative secondary users.

Cognitive radio networks (CRN) will be widely deployed in the near future, and this SpringerBrief covers some important aspects of it, as well as highlighting optimization strategies in Resource Allocation and Spectrum Sensing in CRNs. The cognitive approach in radio access is introduced in the first part of this SpringerBrief, and then next the benefits of cooperative spectrum sensing are highlighted and a framework for studying it under realistic channel conditions is described. New exact closed-form expressions for average false alarm probability and average detection probability are derived in this scenario. A novel approximation to alleviate the computational complexity of the proposed models are also discussed. Once the spectrum opportunities are identified, efficient and systematic resource allocation (RA) shall be performed. The second part of this SpringerBrief describes the taxonomy for the RA process in CRN. A comprehensive overview of the optimization strategies of the CRN RA is also provided. The device-to-device (D2D) communication scenario is discussed, then as a case study and various optimization strategies for the application of the CR technology in the D2D realm is studied. The application of advanced geometric water-filling (GWF) approach in CRN D2D environment for optimum resource allocation is presented in detail. Numerical results provide more insight quantitatively. Overall, this book is suitable for a wide audience that include students, faculty and researchers in wireless communication area and professionals in the wireless service industry.

This book highlights the need for an efficient Handover Decision (HD) mechanism to perform switches from one network to another and to provide unified and continuous mobile services that include seamless connectivity and ubiquitous service access. The author shows how the HD involves efficiently combining handover initiation and network selection process. The author describes how the network selection decision is a challenging task that is a central component to making HD for any mobile user in a heterogeneous environment that involves a number of static and dynamic parameters. The author also discusses prevailing technical challenges like Dynamic Spectrum Allocation (DSA) methods, spectrum sensing, cooperative communications, cognitive network architecture protocol design, cognitive network security challenges and dynamic adaptation algorithms for cognitive system and the evolving behavior of systems in general. The book allows the reader to optimize the sensing time for maximizing the spectrum utilization, improve the lifetime of the cognitive radio network (CRN) using active scan spectrum sensing techniques, analyze energy efficiency of CRN, find a secondary user spectrum allocation, perform dynamic handovers, and use efficient data communication in the cognitive networks. Identifies energy efficient spectrum sensing techniques for Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN); Shows how to maximize the energy capacity by minimizing the outage probability; Features end-of-chapter summaries, performance measures, and case studies.

Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks gives comprehensive and balanced coverage of the principles of cognitive radio communications, cognitive networks, and details of their implementation, including the latest developments in the standards and spectrum policy. Case studies, end-of-chapter questions, and descriptions of various platforms and test beds, together with sample code, give hands-on knowledge of how cognitive radio systems can be implemented in practice. Extensive treatment is given to several standards, including IEEE 802.22 for TV White Spaces and IEEE SCC41 Written by leading people in the field, both at universities and major industrial research laboratories, this tutorial text gives communications engineers, R&D engineers, researchers, undergraduate and post graduate students a complete reference on the application of wireless communications and network theory for the design and implementation of cognitive radio systems and networks Each chapter is written by internationally renowned experts, giving complete and balanced treatment of the fundamentals of both cognitive radio communications and cognitive networks, together with implementation details Extensive treatment of the latest standards and spectrum policy developments enables the development of compliant cognitive systems Strong practical orientation – through case studies and descriptions of cognitive radio platforms and testbeds – shows how real world cognitive radio systems and network architectures have been built Alexander M. Wyglinski is an Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), Director of the WPI Limerick Project Center, and Director of the Wireless Innovation Laboratory (WI Lab) Each chapter is written by internationally renowned experts, giving complete and balanced treatment of the fundamentals of both cognitive radio communications and cognitive networks, together with implementation details Extensive treatment of the latest standards and spectrum policy developments enables the development of compliant cognitive systems Strong practical orientation – through case studies and descriptions of cognitive radio platforms and testbeds – shows how "real world" cognitive radio systems and network architectures have been built

This book presents cutting-edge research contributions that address various aspects of network design, optimization, implementation, and application of cognitive radio technologies. It demonstrates how to make better utilization of the available spectrum, cognitive radios and spectrum access to achieve effective spectrum sharing between licensed and unlicensed users. The book provides academics and researchers essential information on current developments and future trends in cognitive radios for possible integration with the upcoming 5G networks. In addition, it includes a brief introduction to cognitive radio networks for newcomers to the field.