Columns

The?rstGermanedition of thebook“Fluiddynamicsofpackedcolumns with modern random and structured packings for gas/liquid systems” was published in 1991. It sold out within a few years. Added to this were numerous enquiries, in particular within the industry, prompting me to publish a second, extended edition. A packed column remains the core element of any diffusional separation process. This underlines the need for basic design principles for packed columns, which enhance the design process by making it more accurate and reliable. The SBD (suspended bed of droplets) model introduced in the ?rst German edition of the book was well received by the experts and is now used by a large number of com- nies in the industry, as it offers improved reliability in the ?uid dynamic design of packed columns. For the purpose of facilitating the design process, the SBD model was in- grated into the simulation programme ChemCAD. The software programme FDPAK, which is available for Windows, has certainly contributed to the widespread use of the SBD model. The programme is very user-friendly and the calculation results are p- sented in tabular as well as graphic form, showing ?ood load, pressure drop and hold-up diagrams in the entire operating range.

Choosing the right column is key in Gas Chromatography Gas Chromatography (GC) is the most widely used method for separating and analyzing a wide variety of organic compounds and gases. There have been many recent advancements in both packed column and capillary column GC. With numerous options and considerations, selecting the right column can be complicated. This resource provides essential guidance for scientists and technicians, including: Methods of choosing both capillary and packed columns Selection of dimensions (column length, I.D., film thickness, etc.) and type of column Guidelines for proper connections of the column to the injector and detector United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary chromatographic methods ASTM, EPA, NIOSH, and OSHA column selection specifications Information on the advantages of computer assistance in GC and multidimensional GC Comprehensive information on column oven temperature control Columns for Gas Chromatography: Performance and Selection is a hands-on reference for scientists and technicians using GC.

The evaluation indicated that of packings used in glass distillation columns, Heli-Grid was most efficient and of packings used in steel distillation columns, steel helices were most efficient.

The geosynthetic encased column (GEC) is a relatively recent method developed for soft soil improvement. The method was firstly introduced as a concept in the 1980s and first practical applications started in the 1990s. GECs have been widely used in some parts of the world for the last three decades. However, there is no book in the literature summarizing the knowledge accumulated during this period in relation to this soft ground improvement technique. The purpose of this book is to provide readers with the GEC fundamentals and practical applications. Chapter 1 presents the general principles of this ground improvement technique including the methods used for GEC installation and how the material properties may be selected. Chapter 2 presents the design methods, thus settlement calculations by means of analytical methods and stability calculations by limit equilibrium methods are explained in detail. Chapter 3 presents calculation examples illustrating the usual steps to be done for both service limit state and ultimate limit state designs. Then field performances exemplifying practical applications of the GEC technique are presented in Chapter 4 for some case histories. Following numerical analyses, often used in design to complement analytical methods, are presented in Chapter 5. Annexes I and II at the end contain the charts developed to perform settlement calculations. The book combines the experiences of four authors with different academic and industry backgrounds to describe GEC design and performance. It is aimed at civil engineers in general, particularly geotechnical engineers, either working in design or in practice, at graduate students, and at senior undergraduate students.

Concrete-filled stainless steel tubular (CFSST) columns are increasingly used in modern composite construction due to their high strength, high ductility, high corrosion resistance, high durability and aesthetics and ease of maintenance. Thin-walled CFSST columns are characterized by the different strain-hardening behavior of stainless steel in tension and in compression, local buckling of stainless steel tubes and concrete confinement. Design codes and numerical models often overestimate or underestimate the ultimate strengths of CFSST columns. This book presents accurate and efficient computational models for the nonlinear inelastic analysis and design of CFSST short and slender columns under axial load and biaxial bending. The effects of different strain-hardening characteristics of stainless steel in tension and in compression, progressive local and post-local buckling of stainless steel tubes and concrete confinement are taken into account in the computational models. The numerical models simulate the axial load-strain behavior, moment-curvature curves, axial load-deflection responses and axial load-moment strength interaction diagrams of CFSST columns. The book describes the mathematical formulations, computational procedures and model verifications for circular and rectangular CFSST short and slender columns. The behavior of CFSST columns under various loading conditions is demonstrated by numerous numerical examples. This book is written for practising structural and civil engineers, academic researchers and graduate students in civil engineering who are interested in the latest computational techniques and design methods for CFSST columns.

Concrete-Filled Double-Skin Steel Tubular Columns: Behavior and Design provides a thorough review of the recent advances on the behaviour and design of concrete-filled double-skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns. Drawing on their extensive knowledge and research, the authors cover topics such as different CFDST columns under axial compression, innovative techniques including the use of rubberised concrete, columns with different cross-sections, and steel material envelops and failure modes. This book is an overview of research carried out by this highly experienced and leading research group with specialist knowledge in the topic. It is an invaluable resource for researchers, graduates and post-graduate civil engineers and civil engineering designers. Provides a comprehensive overview of advances on the behaviour and design of concrete-filled double-skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns over the past decade Gives deep-dive explanation of important concepts such as the void ratio which makes these girders different from conventional concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns Explains the failure modes of short and slender columns under compression, with detailed illustrations and photos from both real-life and virtual tests performed by the authors Presents in-depth analysis of the ultimate strengths of CFDST columns with different steel envelops and concrete infills Makes a detailed comparison with available international codes, such as Eurocode 3, and provides recommendations for future studies Discusses new innovative confining stress-based design for different types of CFDST short columns

Perrault argues that rules of architecture be determined by reason, not by ancient precedent.