Companion Encyclopedia Of Science In The Twentieth Century

With over forty chapters, written by leading scholars, this comprehensive volume represents the best work in America, Europe and Asia. Geographical diversity of the authors is reflected in the different perspectives devoted to the subject, and all major disciplinary developments are covered. There are also sections concerning the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry, the importance of instrumentation, and the cultural influence of scientific modes of thought. Students and professionals will come to appreciate how, and why, science has developed - as with any other human activity, it is subject to the dynamics of society and politics.

This work on science in the 20th century represents work in America, Europe and Asia. It includes such topics as the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry and the importance of instrumentation.

Cover -- Companion to Medicine in the Twentieth Century -- Copyright -- Contents -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- Introduction -- CHAPTER 1 Production, Community and Consumption: The Political Economy of Twentieth-Century Medicine -- CHAPTER 2 The Golden Age of Medicine? -- CHAPTER 3 Health and Medicine in Interwar Europe -- CHAPTER 4 Soviet Medicine -- CHAPTER 5 Colonial Medicine -- CHAPTER 6 Health and Health Care in the Progressive Era -- CHAPTER 7 Post-Colonial Medicine -- CHAPTER 8 Medicine and the Counter Culture -- CHAPTER 9 Medicine and the Welfare State 1930-1970 -- CHAPTER 10 Pharmaceutical Industry -- CHAPTER 11 The Crises of the Welfare States -- CHAPTER 12 Medicine, Technology and Industry -- CHAPTER 13 The Historiographical Body -- CHAPTER 14 The Healthy Body -- CHAPTER 15 The Industrial Body -- CHAPTER 16 The Third-World Body -- CHAPTER 17 The Temporal Body -- CHAPTER 18 The Sexual Body -- CHAPTER 19 The Reproductive Body -- CHAPTER 20 The Psychological Body -- CHAPTER 21 The Psychoanalytic Body -- CHAPTER 22 The Psychiatric Body -- CHAPTER 23 The Diseased Body -- CHAPTER 24 The Disabled Body -- CHAPTER 25 The Defended Body -- CHAPTER 26 The Genetic Body -- CHAPTER 27 The Analyzed Body -- CHAPTER 28 The Experimental Body -- CHAPTER 29 The Ethical Body -- CHAPTER 30 The Dead Body -- CHAPTER 31 Media -- CHAPTER 32 Hospitals -- CHAPTER 33 Nurses -- CHAPTER 34 Health Workers -- CHAPTER 35 Going to the Doctor -- CHAPTER 36 Childbirth and Maternity -- CHAPTER 37 Children's Experiences of Illness -- CHAPTER 38 Wartime -- CHAPTER 39 Supported Lives -- CHAPTER 40 Old Age -- CHAPTER 41 Mental Illness -- CHAPTER 42 Surgeons -- CHAPTER 43 Cancer -- CHAPTER 44 AIDS and Patient-Support Groups -- CHAPTER 45 Malaria -- CHAPTER 46 The Chinese Experience -- Index

"This encyclopedia covers a period of enormous scientific discovery. Scientists developed previously unimagined theories, disciplines, and applications: relativity and quantum physics; cultural anthropology; psychoanalysis and behavioral theory; and insulin and antibiotics. Science became the moving force in the world, with effects on all aspects of life and thought. Although most encyclopedias about science treat it in isolation, Science in the Early Twentieth Century details the great scientific advances of this key period and places them firmly within their social context."--BOOK JACKET.

During the twentieth century, medicine has been radically transformed and powerfully transformative. In 1900, western medicine was important to philanthropy and public health, but it was marginal to the state, the industrial economy and the welfare of most individuals. It is now central to these aspects of life. Our prospects seem increasingly dependent on the progress of bio-medical sciences and genetic technologies which promise to reshape future generations. The editors of Medicine in the Twentieth Century have commissioned over forty authoritative essays, written by historical specialists but intended for general audiences. Some concentrate on the political economy of medicine and health as it changed from period to period and varied between countries, others focus on understandings of the body, and a third set of essays explores transformations in some of the theatres of medicine and the changing experiences of different categories of practitioners and patients.

With over forty chapters, written by leading scholars, this comprehensive volume represents the best work in America, Europe, and Asia. Geographical diversity of the authors is reflected in the different perspectives devoted to the subject, and all major disciplinary developments are covered. There are also sections concerning the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry, the importance of instrumentation, and the cultural influence of scientific modes of thought. Students and professionals will come to appreciate how, and why, science has developed - as with any other human activity, it is subject to the dynamics of society and politics.

First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

During the twentieth century, medicine has been radically transformed and powerfully transformative. In 1900, western medicine was important to philanthropy and public health, but it was marginal to the state, the industrial economy and the welfare of most individuals. It is now central to these aspects of life. Our prospects seem increasingly dependent on the progress of bio-medical sciences and genetic technologies which promise to reshape future generations. The editors of Medicine in the Twentieth Century have commissioned over forty authoritative essays, written by historical specialists but intended for general audiences. Some concentrate on the political economy of medicine and health as it changed from period to period and varied between countries, others focus on understandings of the body, and a third set of essays explores transformations in some of the theatres of medicine and the changing experiences of different categories of practitioners and patients.