Complex Analytic Desingularization

[From the foreword by B. Teissier] The main ideas of the proof of resolution of singularities of complex-analytic spaces presented here were developed by Heisuke Hironaka in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Since then, a number of proofs, all inspired by Hironaka's general approach, have appeared, the validity of some of them extending beyond the complex analytic case. The proof has now been so streamlined that, although it was seen 50 years ago as one of the most difficult proofs produced by mathematics, it can now be the subject of an advanced university course. Yet, far from being of historical interest only, this long-awaited book will be very rewarding for any mathematician interested in singularity theory. Rather than a proof of a canonical or algorithmic resolution of singularities, what is presented is in fact a masterly study of the infinitely near “worst” singular points of a complex analytic space obtained by successive “permissible” blowing ups and of the way to tame them using certain subspaces of the ambient space. This taming proves by an induction on the dimension that there exist finite sequences of permissible blowing ups at the end of which the worst infinitely near points have disappeared, and this is essentially enough to obtain resolution of singularities. Hironaka’s ideas for resolution of singularities appear here in a purified and geometric form, in part because of the need to overcome the globalization problems appearing in complex analytic geometry. In addition, the book contains an elegant presentation of all the prerequisites of complex analytic geometry, including basic definitions and theorems needed to follow the development of ideas and proofs. Its epilogue presents the use of similar ideas in the resolution of singularities of complex analytic foliations. This text will be particularly useful and interesting for readers of the younger generation who wish to understand one of the most fundamental results in algebraic and analytic geometry and invent possible extensions and applications of the methods created to prove it.

This collection of papers by outstanding contributors in analysis, partial differential equations and several complex variables is dedicated to Professor Treves in honour of his 65th birthday. There are five excellent survey articles covering analytic singularities, holomorphically nondegenerate algebraic hypersurfaces, analyticity of CR mappings, removable singularities of vector fields and local solvability for systems of vector fields. The other papers are original research contributions on topics such as Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations, Toeplitz operators, elliptic structures, complexification of Lie groups, and pseudo-differential operators.

This book provides a coherent, self-contained introduction to central topics of Analytic Partial Differential Equations in the natural geometric setting. The main themes are the analysis in phase-space of analytic PDEs and the Fourier–Bros–Iagolnitzer (FBI) transform of distributions and hyperfunctions, with application to existence and regularity questions. The book begins by establishing the fundamental properties of analytic partial differential equations, starting with the Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem, before presenting an integrated overview of the approach to hyperfunctions via analytic functionals, first in Euclidean space and, once the geometric background has been laid out, on analytic manifolds. Further topics include the proof of the Lojaciewicz inequality and the division of distributions by analytic functions, a detailed description of the Frobenius and Nagano foliations, and the Hamilton–Jacobi solutions of involutive systems of eikonal equations. The reader then enters the realm of microlocal analysis, through pseudodifferential calculus, introduced at a basic level, followed by Fourier integral operators, including those with complex phase-functions (à la Sjöstrand). This culminates in an in-depth discussion of the existence and regularity of (distribution or hyperfunction) solutions of analytic differential (and later, pseudodifferential) equations of principal type, exemplifying the usefulness of all the concepts and tools previously introduced. The final three chapters touch on the possible extension of the results to systems of over- (or under-) determined systems of these equations—a cornucopia of open problems. This book provides a unified presentation of a wealth of material that was previously restricted to research articles. In contrast to existing monographs, the approach of the book is analytic rather than algebraic, and tools such as sheaf cohomology, stratification theory of analytic varieties and symplectic geometry are used sparingly and introduced as required. The first half of the book is mainly pedagogical in intent, accessible to advanced graduate students and postdocs, while the second, more specialized part is intended as a reference for researchers.

Written by the founders of the new and expanding field of numerical algebraic geometry, this is the first book that uses an algebraic-geometric approach to the numerical solution of polynomial systems and also the first one to treat numerical methods for finding positive dimensional solution sets. The text covers the full theory from methods developed for isolated solutions in the 1980's to the most recent research on positive dimensional sets.

The first survey of its kind, written by internationally known, outstanding experts who developed substantial parts of the field. The book contains an introduction written by Remmert, describing the history of the subject, and is very useful to graduate students and researchers in complex analysis, algebraic geometry and differential geometry.

This book contains the lecture notes as well as some invited papers presented at the Third Winter School in Complex Analysis, Operator Theory and Applications held February 2-5, 2010, in Valencia, Spain. The book is divided into two parts. The first is an extended self-contained version of the mini-courses taught at the School. The papers in this first part are: Notes on real analytic functions and classical operators, by Pawel Domanski; Shining a Hilbertian lamp on the bidisk, by John E. McCarthy; Selected problems in perturbation theory, by Vladimir V. Peller; and Composition operators on Hardy-Orlicz spaces, by Luis Rodriguez-Piazza. The second part consists of several research papers on recent advances in the area and some survey articles of an expository character. The articles in this second part are: Remarks on weighted mixed norm spaces, by O. Blasco; Interpolation subspaces of $L^1$ of a vector measure and norm inequalities for the integration operator, by J.M. Calabuig, J. Rodriguez, and E.A. Sanchez-Perez; On the spectra of algebras of analytic functions, by D. Carando, D. Garcia, M. Maestre, and P. Sevilla-Peris; Holomorphic self-maps of the disk intertwining two linear fractional maps, by M.D. Contreras, S. Diaz-Madrigal, M.J. Martin, and D. Vukotic; ABC-type estimates via Garsia-type norms, by K.M. Dyakonov; and Volterra type operators on Bergman spaces with exponential weights, by J. Pau and J.A. Pelaez. The topics selected for the mini-courses cover several aspects of complex analysis and operator theory that play important roles in understanding connections between different areas that are considered in fashion these days. This part is aimed at graduate students and young researchers. The courses are self-contained, focusing on those aspects that are basic and that can lead the readers to a quick understanding of the theories presented in each topic. They start with the classical results and reach a selection of open problems in each case. The research and survey articles are aimed at young researchers in the area, as well as post-doc and senior researchers interested in complex analysis and operator theory. This book is published in cooperation with Real Sociedad Matematica Espanola.