Compound Semiconductor Electronics

This textbook gives a complete and fundamental introduction to the properties of III-V compound semiconductor devices, highlighting the theoretical and practical aspects of their device physics. Beginning with an introduction to the basics of semiconductor physics, it presents an overview of the physics and preparation of compound semiconductor materials, as well as a detailed look at the electrical and optical properties of compound semiconductor heterostructures. The book concludes with chapters dedicated to a number of heterostructure electronic and photonic devices, including the high-electron-mobility transistor, the heterojunction bipolar transistor, lasers, unipolar photonic devices, and integrated optoelectronic devices. Featuring chapter-end problems, suggested references for further reading, as well as clear, didactic schematics accompanied by six information-rich appendices, this textbook is ideal for graduate students in the areas of semiconductor physics or electrical engineering. In addition, up-to-date results from published research make this textbook especially well-suited as a self-study and reference guide for engineers and researchers in related industries.

In many respects, compound semiconductor technology has reached the age of maturity when applications will have been defined, yields are high enough and well established, and gallium arsenide and related compounds have carved many important niches in electronics. This book reviews the state-of-the-art of compound semiconductor electronics. It covers the microwave, millimeter wave, and submillimeter wave devices, monolithic microwave and digital integrated circuits made from compound semiconductors and emerging wide band semiconductor materials. The book is written by leading experts in compound semiconductor electronics from industry and academia and strikes the balance between practical applications, record-breaking results, and design and modeling tools specific for compound semiconductor technology. Engineers, scientists, and graduate students working in solid state electronics and especially in the area of compound semiconductor electronics will find this book very useful. It could also be used as a text or a supplementary text for graduate courses in this field.

This book provides an overview of compound semiconductor materials and their technology. After presenting a theoretical background, it describes the relevant material preparation technologies for bulk and thin-layer epitaxial growth. It then briefly discusses the electrical, optical, and structural properties of semiconductors, complemented by a description of the most popular characterization tools, before more complex hetero- and low-dimensional structures are discussed. A special chapter is devoted to GaN and related materials, owing to their huge importance in modern optoelectronic and electronic devices, on the one hand, and their particular properties compared to other compound semiconductors, on the other. In the last part of the book, the physics and functionality of optoelectronic and electronic device structures (LEDs, laser diodes, solar cells, field-effect and heterojunction bipolar transistors) are discussed on the basis of the specific properties of compound semiconductors presented in the preceding chapters of the book. Compound semiconductors form the back-bone of all opto-electronic and electronic devices besides the classical Si electronics. Currently the most important field is solid state lighting with highly efficient LEDs emitting visible light. Also laser diodes of all wavelength ranges between mid-infrared and near ultraviolet have been the enabler for a huge number of unprecedented applications like CDs and DVDs for entertainment and data storage, not to speak about the internet, which would be impossible without optical data communications with infrared laser diodes as key elements. This book provides a concise overview over this class of materials, including the most important technological aspects for their fabrication and characterisation, also covering the most relevant devices based on compound semiconductors. It presents therefore an excellent introduction into this subject not only for students, but also for engineers and scientist who intend to put their focus on this field of science.

This is the book version of a special issue of the International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems, reviewing recent work in the field of compound semiconductor integrated circuits. There are fourteen invited papers covering a wide range of applications, frequencies and materials. These papers deal with digital, analog, microwave and millimeter-wave technologies, devices and integrated circuits for wireline fiber-optic lightwave transmissions, and wireless radio-frequency microwave and millimeter-wave communications. In each case, the market is young and experiencing rapid growth for both commercial and millitary applications. Many new semiconductor technologies compete for these new markets, leading to an alphabet soup of semiconductor materials described in these papers. The book also includes three papers focused on radiation effects and reliability in III-V semiconductor electronics, which are useful for reference and future directions. Moreover, reliability is covered in several papers separately for certain process technologies. Contents: Present and Future of High-Speed Compound Semiconductor IC's (T Otsuji)The Transforming MMIC (E J Martinez)Distributed Amplifier for Fiber-Optic Communication Systems (H Shigematsu et al.)Microwave GaN-Based Power Transistors on Large-Scale Silicon Wafers (S Manohar et al.)Radiation Effects in High Speed III-V Integrated Circuits (T R Weatherford)Radiation Effects in III-V Semiconductor Electronics (B D Weaver et al.)Reliability and Radiation Hardness of Compound Semiconductors (S A Kayali & A H Johnston)and other papers Readership: Engineers, scientists and graduate students working on high speed electronics and systems, and in the area of compound semiconductor integrated circuits. Keywords:High Speed Electronics and Systems;Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuits;Wireline Fiber-Optic Lightwave Transmissions;Commercial and Military Applications;Digital Technologies

Compound Semiconductor Devices provides a comprehensive insight into today ́s standard technologies, covering the vast range of semiconductor products and their possible applications. The materials covered runs from the basics of conventional semiconductor technology through standard,power and opto semiconductors, to highly complex memories and microcontrollers and the special devices and modules for smartcards, automotive electronics, consumer electronics and telecommunications. Some chapters are devoted to the production of semiconductor components and their use in electronic systems as well as to quality management. The book offers students and users a unique overview of technology, architecture and areas of application of semiconductor products.

This book provides one of the most rigorous treatments of compound semiconductor device physics yet published. A complete understanding of modern devices requires a working knowledge of low-dimensional physics, the use of statistical methods, and the use of one-, two-, and three-dimensional analytical and numerical analysis techniques. With its systematic and detailed**discussion of these topics, this book is ideal for both the researcher and the student. Although the emphasis of this text is on compound semiconductor devices, many of the principles discussed will also be useful to those interested in silicon devices. Each chapter ends with exercises that have been designed to reinforce concepts, to complement arguments or derivations, and to emphasize the nature of approximations by critically evaluating realistic conditions. One of the most rigorous treatments of compound semiconductor device physics yet published**Essential reading for a complete understanding of modern devices**Includes chapter-ending exercises to facilitate understanding

One dimensional electronic materials are expected to be key components owing to their potential applications in nanoscale electronics, optics, energy storage, and biology. Besides, compound semiconductors have been greatly developed as epitaxial growth crystal materials. Molecular beam and metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy approaches are representative techniques achieving 0D–2D quantum well, wire, and dot semiconductor III-V heterostructures with precise structural accuracy with atomic resolution. Based on the background of those epitaxial techniques, high-quality, single-crystalline III-V heterostructures have been achieved. III-V Nanowires have been proposed for the next generation of nanoscale optical and electrical devices such as nanowire light emitting diodes, lasers, photovoltaics, and transistors. Key issues for the realization of those devices involve the superior mobility and optical properties of III-V materials (i.e., nitride-, phosphide-, and arsenide-related heterostructure systems). Further, the developed epitaxial growth technique enables electronic carrier control through the formation of quantum structures and precise doping, which can be introduced into the nanowire system. The growth can extend the functions of the material systems through the introduction of elements with large miscibility gap, or, alternatively, by the formation of hybrid heterostructures between semiconductors and another material systems. This book reviews recent progresses of such novel III-V semiconductor nanowires, covering a wide range of aspects from the epitaxial growth to the device applications. Prospects of such advanced 1D structures for nanoscience and nanotechnology are also discussed.