Concentrated And Dried Dairy Products

Presents a comprehensive overview of the latest technology and techniques used in the manufacture of concentrated and dried dairy products. Identifies each group's theoretical background and basic principles, examines the relationship between technology and product quality, and discusses new developments in equipment. Examines the technologies behind traditional concentrated and dried dairy products as well as such special products as whey protein products, casein, recombined milk, lactose, infant formulas, etc. For food and dairy scientists, technologists, engineers, and professionals in related food industries.

The economic importance of dairy powders and concentrated products to dairy-producing countries is very significant, and there is a large demand for them in countries where milk production is low or non-existent. In these markets, dairy products are made locally to meet the demand of consumers from recombined powders, anhydrous milk fat and concentrated dairy ingredients (evaporated and sweetened condensed milk). This volume is the latest book in the Technical Series of The Society of Dairy Technology (SDT). Numerous scientific data have been available in journals and books in recent years, and the primary aim of this text is to detail in one publication the manufacturing methods, scientific aspects, and properties of milk powders (full-fat, skimmed and high protein powders made from milk retentates), whey powders (WP) including WP concentrates, lactose, caseinates, sweetened condensed milk, evaporated milk and infant baby feed. The book also covers the international standards relating to these products for trading purposes, as well as the hazards, such as explosion and fire, that may occur during the manufacture of dairy powders. The authors, who are all specialists in these products, have been chosen from around the world. The book will be of interest to dairy scientists, students, researchers and dairy operatives around the world. For information regarding the SDT, please contact Maurice Walton, Executive Director, Society of Dairy Technology, P.O. Box 12, Appleby in Westmorland, CA16 6YJ, UK. email: [email protected] Also available from Wiley-Blackwell Milk Processing and Quality Management Edited by A.Y. Tamime ISBN 978 1 4051 4530 5 Cleaning-in-Place Edited by A.Y. Tamime ISBN 978 1 4051 5503 8 Advanced Dairy Science and Technology Edited by T. Britz and R. Robinson ISBN 978 1 4051 3618 1 International Journal of Dairy Technology Published quarterly Print ISSN: 1364 727X Online ISSN: 1471 0307

Milk has been an important food for man since the domestication of cattle and the adoption of a pastoralist agriculture. It is also the most versatile of the animal-derived food commodities and is a component of the diet in many physical forms. In addition to milk itself, a rural technology evolved which permitted the manufacture of cheese, fer mented milks, cream and butter. At a later date, successive advances in technology were exploited in the manufacture of ice cream, concen trated and dried milks and, at a later date, of ultra-heat-treated dairy products, new dairy desserts and new functional products. At the same time, however, dairy products have been increasingly perceived as unhealthy foods and a number of high quality dairy substitutes, or analogues, have been developed which have made significant inroads into the total dairy food market. Paradoxically, perhaps, the technology which, on the one hand, presents a threat to the dairy industry through making possible high quality substitutes offers, on the other hand, an opportunity to exploit new uses for milk and its components and to develop entirely new dairy products. Further, the development of products such as low fat dairy spreads has tended to blur the distinction between the dairy industry and its imitators and further broadened the range of knowledge required of dairy scientists and technologists.

not only of undergraduate and equivalent students, but of the new graduate entering industry and facing new and potentially frightening situations. To this end, the book is structured to meet the requirements both ofthe student, with a basic knowledge ofchemistry, biochemistry and microbiology and of persons working in the dairy industry. The basic approach isto discuss the manufacturingprocess in thecontextof technology and its related chemistry and microbiology, followed by a more fundamental appraisal of the underlying science. The dairy industry is defined in a broad context and information is included on imitationproducts and analogues. Anumber ofinnovations have been adopted in the presentation ofthe book. Information boxes and • points are used to place the text in a wider scientific and commercial context, and exercises are included in most chapters to encourage the reader to apply the knowledge gained from the book to unfamiliar situations. It is also our firm beliefthat the control of food manufacturing processes should be considered as an integral partofthe technology and for this reason control points, based on the HACCPsystem, are includedwhere appropriate. A note on using the book EXERCISES Exercises are not intended to be treated like an examination question. Indeed in many cases there is no single correct, or incorrect, answer.

History and growth. Theory of evaporation and evaporators. Drum or roller driers and miscellaneous methods of drying. Spray drying. Instrumentation and control. Processing, packaging, and storage of evaporated, condensed and sweetened condensed milks. Processing, packging, and storage of nonfat dry milk and dry whole milk. By-products and special products. Quality control and sanitation. Properties of dry milks. Markets and uses.