Contribution Of Bombay Physical Culture Association To The Fields Of Physical Education Sports And Allied Disciplines

1.1 NEED AND BACKGROUND 1.1.1 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS WITHIN SOCIETY Man is a social animal both by need and necessity. Social institutions are born with cultural influences. Social institution is one of the products of culture. Institutions are necessary to maintain social order and control human behavior. Social institutions are born to satisfy human needs. All the needs and desires of the individuals and human beings are met by social institutions. Social institutions are simply social habits. For example, the habits of shaving in the morning, uttering prayers before going to bed. Habits are systematized instituted or established by groups. Institutions may also be defined as, “habitual ways of living together which have been sanctioned, systematized and established by the authority of communities”. An institution, therefore, “may be type of group”. In this sense the family is an institution, (and if it conducts itself in institutionalized ways) Robert Bierstead considers that “institutions as an organized way of doing something”. Institutions are socially important because they transfer cultural elements from one generation to another. For example, the father of the family teaches his sons and daughters about the family - the way of life, economic way of life and religious way of life. A social institution introduces unity in human behavior. A social institution also controls the conduct and character of man in the society. Modern life is not as simple as that of ancient times. It is complex. The complexity has been produced by our growing and different needs. The needs are self-preservation, Self-perpetuation and self-expression. These needs are met only by social institutions. Social institutions represent the social structure of the society. We can conclude that the social relationships include common values and procedure to achieve basic needs of society. Common value means shared ideas and goals, procedure means the accepted standardized norms and the social relationships include the behavior of the people. (A. Youb, 2008).

Tremendous developments have taken place in the field of physical education at world level. Physical education has the potentialities for making a great contribution to healthy and physically fit generation of a country. This aim can be achieved by developing a sound philosophy with respect to what physical education is? What the objectives of physical education are? What contribution it can make to enrich living and how with proper leadership, the programme can yield benefits that can not be denied by any one. It refers to the modification of behaviour through physical activities. Physical activities play a significant role in the growth and development of an individual. It encompasses diverse activities and programmes, formal, in formal, recreative, and competitive for individual as well as groups.

Physical education has become an integral part of the total education system. Physical education programs are needed for the growth and development to increase the physical competence, health related fitness self responsibility and skill development. Physical education refers to the process of importing systematic instruction in physical exercise, sports, games & hygiene. It aims at the training of the body, mind and conduct. It helps to keep healthy mind within healthy body.