Cooperation And Resource Allocation In Wireless Networking Towards The Iot

The Internet of Things (IoT) should be able to react with minimal human intervention and contribute to the Artificial Intelligence (AI) era requiring real-time and scalable operation under heterogeneous network infrastructures. This thesis investigates how cooperation and allocation of resources can contribute to the evolution of future wireless networks supporting the IoT. First, we examine how to allocate resources to IoT services which run on devices equipped with multiple network interfaces. The resources are heterogeneous and not interchangeable, and their allocation to a service can be split among different interfaces. We formulate an optimization model for this allocation problem, prove its complexity, and derive two heuristic algorithms to approximate the solution in large instances of the problem. The concept of virtualization is promising towards addressing the heterogeneity of IoT resources by providing an abstraction layer between software and hardware. Network function virtualization (NFV) decouples traditional network operations such a routing from proprietary hardware platforms and implements them as software entities known as virtualized network functions (VNFs). In the second paper, we study how VNF demands can be allocated to Virtual Machines (VMs) by considering the completion-time tolerance of the VNFs. We prove that the problem is NP-complete and devise a subgradient optimization algorithm to provide near-optimal solutions. Our numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm compared to two benchmark algorithms. Furthermore, we explore the potential of using intermediate nodes, the so-called relays, in IoT networks. In the third paper, we study a multi-user random-access network with a relay node assisting users in transmitting their packets to a destination node. We provide analytical expressions for the performance of the relay's queue and the system throughput. We optimize the relay’s operation parameters to maximize the network-wide throughput while maintaining the relay's queue stability. A stable queue at relay guarantees finite delay for the packets. Furthermore, we study the effect of the wireless links' signal-to-interference-plusnoise ratio (SINR) threshold and the self-interference (SI) cancellation on the per-user and network-wide throughput. Additionally, caching at the network edge has recently emerged as an encouraging solution to offload cellular traffic and improve several performance metrics of the network such as throughput, delay and energy efficiency. In the fourth paper, we study a wireless network that serves two types of traffic: cacheable and non-cacheable traffic. In the considered system, a wireless user with cache storage requests cacheable content from a data center connected with a wireless base station. The user can be assisted by a pair of wireless helpers that exchange non-cacheable content as well. We devise the system throughput and the delay experienced by the user and provide numerical results that demonstrate how they are affected by the non-cacheable packet arrivals, the availability of caching helpers, the parameters of the caches, and the request rate of the user. Finally, in the last paper, we consider a time-slotted wireless system that serves both cacheable and non-cacheable traffic with the assistance of a relay node. The latter has storage capabilities to serve both types of traffic. We investigate how allocating the storage capacity to cacheable and non-cacheable traffic affects the system throughput. Our numerical results provide useful insights into the system throughput e.g., that it is not necessarily beneficial to increase the storage capacity for the non-cacheable traffic to realize better throughput at the non-cacheable destination node.

Relying on unmanned autonomous flight control programs, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with radio communication devices have been actively developed around the world. Given their low cost, flexible maneuvering and unmanned operation, UAVs have been widely used in both civilian operations and military missions, including environmental monitoring, emergency communications, express distribution, even military surveillance and attacks, for example. Given that a range of standards and protocols used in terrestrial wireless networks are not applicable to UAV networks, and that some practical constraints such as battery power and no-fly zone hinder the maneuverability capability of a single UAV, we need to explore advanced communication and networking theories and methods for the sake of supporting future ultra-reliable and low-latency applications. Typically, the full potential of UAV network’s functionalities can be tapped with the aid of the cooperation of multiple drones relying on their ad hoc networking, in-network communications and coordinated control. Furthermore, some swarm intelligence models and algorithms conceived for dynamic negotiation, path programming, formation flight and task assignment of multiple cooperative drones are also beneficial in terms of extending UAV’s functionalities and coverage, as well as of increasing their efficiency. We call the networking and cooperation of multiple drones as the terminology ‘flying ad hoc network (FANET)’, and there indeed are numerous new challenges to be overcome before the idespread of so-called heterogeneous FANETs. In this book, we examine a range of technical issues in FANETs, from physical-layer channel modeling to MAC-layer resource allocation, while also introducing readers to UAV aided mobile edge computing techniques.

Do you need to improve wireless system performance? Learn how to maximise the efficient use of resources with this systematic and authoritative account of wireless resource management. Basic concepts, optimization tools and techniques, and application examples, are thoroughly described and analysed, providing a unified framework for cross-layer optimization of wireless networks. State-of-the-art research topics and emerging applications, including dynamic resource allocation, cooperative networks, ad hoc/personal area networks, UWB, and antenna array processing, are examined in depth. If you are involved in the design and development of wireless networks, as a researcher, graduate student or professional engineer, this is a must-have guide to getting the best possible performance from your network.

The connected world paradigm effectuated through the proliferation of mobile devices, Internet of Things (IoT), and the metaverse will offer novel services in the coming years that need anytime, anywhere, high-speed access. The success of this paradigm will highly depend on the ability of the devices to always obtain the optimal network connectivity for an application and on the seamless mobility of the devices. This book will discuss 6G concepts and architectures to support next-generation applications such as IoT, multiband devices, and high-speed mobile applications. IoT applications put forth significant challenges on the network in terms of spectrum utilization, latency, energy efficiency, large number of users, and supporting different application characteristics in terms of reliability, data rate, and latency.While the 5G network developmentwas motivated by the need for larger bandwidth and higher quality of service (QoS), 6G considerations are supporting many users with a wide application requirement, lowering network operating cost, and enhanced network flexibility. Network generations beyond 5G are expected to accommodate massive number of devices with the proliferation of connected devices concept in connected cars, industrial automation, medical devices, and consumer devices. This book will address the fundamental design consideration for 6G networks and beyond. There are many technical challenges that need to be explored in the next generation of networks, such as increased spectrum utilization, lower latency, higher data rates, accommodating more users, heterogeneous wireless connectivity, distributed algorithms, and device-centric connectivity due to diversified mobile environments and IoT application characteristics. Since 6G is a multidisciplinary topic, this book will primarily focus on aspects of device characteristics, wireless heterogeneity, traffic engineering, device-centric connectivity, and smartness of application.

A deep dive into wireless energy transfer technologies for IoT networks In Wireless Energy Transfer: Towards Sustainable Zero-Energy IoT Networks, distinguished researchers Onel L. A. López and Hirley Alves deliver a robust discussion of massive wireless energy transfer and zero-energy, low-cost, Internet of Things networks. Moving beyond the basic theoretical background of the subject, the authors offer a deep analysis of the scenarios and requirements of wireless energy transfer. The book details novel powering schemes recently proposed to face the challenging requirements of the future Internet of Things, as well as a comprehensive review of sustainable IoT wireless networks. Wireless Energy Transfer explains why novel energy efficient solutions will be needed to address the sheer volume of devices currently forecasted to be used in the near future. It explores the challenges technologists and users will face as well as proposed solutions and future research directions. The authors also discuss: Thorough introductions to wireless energy transfer, including energy harvesting sources, radio frequency energy harvesting circuits, efficiency models, and architectures for wireless energy transfer powered IoT networks Comprehensive explorations of ambient radio frequency energy harvesting, including measurement campaigns, energy harvesting hardware prototypes, and performance analysis based on stochastic geometry Practical discussions of efficient schemes for massive wireless energy transfer, including energy beamforming, multi-antenna techniques, and distributed antenna systems Perfect for students and researchers in signal processing, communications, networking, and information theory, Wireless Energy Transfer: Towards Sustainable Zero-Energy IoT Networks will also earn a place in the libraries of students and practitioners in the fields of communication hardware and transceiver design.

Compared with conventional communications, cooperative communication allows multiple users in a wireless network to coordinate their packet transmissions and share each other's resources, thus achieving high-performance gain and better service coverage and reliability. Energy Efficient Cooperative Wireless Communication and Networks provides a comp

5G and Beyond Wireless Networks: Technology, Network Deployments, and Materials for Antenna Design offers a comprehensive overview of 5G and beyond 5G wireless networks along with emerging technologies that support the design and development of wireless networks. It also includes discussions on various materials used for practical antenna design which are suitable for 5G, beyond 5G applications, and cell-free massive MIMO systems. The book discusses the latest techniques used in 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) communication, such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), device-to-device (D2D) communication, 6G ultra-dense O-RAN, rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA), simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO), and cell-free massive MIMO systems, which are explained in detail for 5G and beyond cellular networks. The description of NOMA and their benefit for 5G and beyond networks is also addressed along with D2D communication for next generation cellular networks. RSMA technique is also explained for 6G communication. Detailed descriptions for the design and development of 5G and beyond networks over various techniques are included. The materials specification to design antenna for 5G application are also given. The role of metalens in designing effective antennas and material specifications for 5G applications is explained in this book. Apart from the above emerging topics, this book also gives ideas about intelligent communication, Internet of Multimedia Things (IOMT), millimeter-wave MIMO-UFMC, and fog computing cloud networks. The last chapter gives details about the legal frameworks for 5G technology for responsible and sustainable deployment. Overall, this book may benefit network design engineers and researchers working in the area of next generation cellular networks. The contents of this book will be helpful for young researchers and master students, and network design engineers who are working in the area of next generation cellular networks.

With the increasing worldwide trend in population migration into urban centers, we are beginning to see the emergence of the kinds of mega-cities which were once the stuff of science fiction. It is clear to most urban planners and developers that accommodating the needs of the tens of millions of inhabitants of those megalopolises in an orderly and uninterrupted manner will require the seamless integration of and real-time monitoring and response services for public utilities and transportation systems. Part speculative look into the future of the world’s urban centers, part technical blueprint, this visionary book helps lay the groundwork for the communication networks and services on which tomorrow’s “smart cities” will run. Written by a uniquely well-qualified author team, this book provides detailed insights into the technical requirements for the wireless sensor and actuator networks required to make smart cities a reality.