Cr Olit And Creolization

This volume brings together prominent writers from the English, French, Spanish, and Dutch speaking Caribbean in an examination of creolization and its impact upon the region's literary production. It is especially noteworthy for the broad spectrum of Caribbean nationalities it includes: writers from Cuba, Curacao, the Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Panama, Suriname, and Tobago. Together, they are engaged in redefining Caribbean identity and esthetics, and their reflections on this process trace the evolution of a dynamic regional literature and identity out of materials displaced amid the movement of colonial empires and nationalistic and economic upheavals. The collection addresses a number of controversial issues, among them the survival of racism in mestizaje cultures of Hispanic nations of the Caribbean, the opposing theories of the history and development of Papiamento and Haitian Creole, and the role of Creole languages in the production of consciousness and literature. Contents Antillean Journey, by Daniel Maximin Part I: Creolization and the Creative Imagination Creoleness: The Crossroads of a Civilization? by Wilson Harris The Caribbean: Marvelous Cradle-Hammock and Painful Cornucopia, by Carlos Guillermo Wilson Who's Afraid of the Winti Spirit? by Astrid H. Roemer Three Words toward Creolization, by Antonio Benítez-Rojo Dominicanyorkness: A Metropolitan Discovery of the Triangle, by Sherezada (Chiqui) Vicioso Where Are All the Others? by Erna Brodber A Brief History of My Country, by Lourdes Vázquez Part II: Creolization, Literature, and the Politics of Language Writing and Creole Language Politics: Voice and Story, by Merle Collins The Stakes of Créolité, by Ernest Pépin and Raphaël Confiant Créolité without Creole Language? By Maryse Condé The Victory of the Concubines and the Nannies, by Frank Martinus Arion The Process of Creolization in Haiti and the Pitfalls of the Graphic Form, by Jean Métellus Race, Space, and the Poetics of Moving, by M. Nourbese Philip Afterword, by Yanick Lahens Kathleen M. Balutansky is associate professor of English at Saint Michael's College and author of The Novels of Alex La Guma and of several articles on Caribbean women writers. Marie-Agnes Sourieau is assistant professor of French at Fairfield University and author of articles on Francophone Caribbean literature in Callaloo, French Review, and elsewhere.

Creolizing Critical Theory highlights the Caribbean as a philosophical site from which, for centuries and until today, theorists have articulated pressing critiques of capitalism and colonialism. Some of these critiques, such as those of the Saramaka Maroons, have stressed the value of autonomy. Others, such as those of the West Indies Federation, have emphasized solidarity in the face of European occupation. Critical Theory, as an emancipatory project rooted in the values of autonomy, solidarity, and equality, then, has long been a Caribbean practice. Drawing on a range of voices, Creolizing Critical Theory centers Caribbean critiques with a view toward praxis in the present.

Might creolization offer political theory an approach that would better reflect the heterogeneity of political life? After all, it describes mixtures that were not supposed to have emerged in the plantation societies of the Caribbean but did so through their capacity to exemplify living culture, thought, and political practice. Similar processes continue today, when people who once were strangers find themselves unequal co-occupants of new political locations they both seek to call “home.” Unlike multiculturalism, in which different cultures are thought to co-exist relatively separately, creolization describes how people reinterpret themselves through interaction with one another. While indebted to comparative political theory, Gordon offers a critique of comparison by demonstrating the generative capacity of creolizing methodologies. She does so by bringing together the eighteenth-century revolutionary Swiss thinker Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the twentieth-century Martinican-born Algerian liberationist Frantz Fanon. While both provocatively challenged whether we can study the world in ways that do not duplicate the prejudices that sustain its inequalities, Fanon, she argues, outlined a vision of how to bring into being the democratically legitimate alternatives that Rousseau mainly imagined.

This book is about the close historical and linguistic relationship between the languages of Surinam and Benin, a relationship which can be viewed in terms of a Trans Atlantic Sprachbund or linguistic area. It consists of a detailed analysis of various possible substrate and adstrate effects in a number of components of the grammar, in the Surinam Creole languages, primarily from the Gbe languages of Benin but also from Kikongo.

Through a collection of critical essays, this work explores twelve keywords central in Latin American and Caribbean Studies: indigenismo, Americanism, colonialism, criollismo, race, transculturation, modernity, nation, gender, sexuality, testimonio, and popular culture. The central question motivating this work is how to think—epistemologically and pedagogically—about Latin American and Caribbean Studies as fields that have had different historical and institutional trajectories across the Caribbean, Latin America, and the United States.

A clear and concise introduction to the study of how new languages come into being.

What effect has globalization had on our understanding of literacy? Grassroots Literacy seeks to address the relationship between globalization and the widening gap between ‘grassroots’ literacies, or writings from ordinary people and local communities, and ‘elite’ literacies. Displaced from their original context to elite literacy environments in the form of letters, police declarations and pieces of creative writing, ‘grassroots’ literacies are unsurprisingly easily disqualified, either as ‘bad’ forms of literacy, or as messages that fail to be understood. Through close analysis of two unique, handwritten documents from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Jan Blommaert considers how ‘grassroots’ literacy in the Third World develops outside the literacy-saturated environments of the developed world. In examining these documents produced by socially and economically marginalized writers Blommaert demonstrates how literacy environments should be understood as relatively autonomous systems. Grassroots Literacy will be key reading for students of language and literacy studies as well as an invaluable resource for anyone with an interest in understanding the implications of globalization on local literacy practices.

ASSESSING LANGUAGE PRODUCTION USING SALT SOFTWARE: A Clinician's Guide to Language Sample Analysis - 3rd Edition