Cyberscience 2 0

At the start of the twenty-first century, the Internet was already perceived to have fundamentally changed the landscape for research. With its opportunities for digital networking, novel publication schemes, and new communication formats, the web was a game-changer for how research was done as well as what came after—the dissemination and discussion of results. Addressing the seismic shifts of the past ten years, Cyberscience 2.0 examines the consequences of the arrival of social media and the increasing dominance of big Internet players, such as Google, for science and research, particularly in the realms of organization and communication.

The 2013 International Conference on Cyber Science and Engineering (CyberSE 2013) will be held on in Guangzhou, China during December 14– 15, 2013. CyberSE is an annual conference to call together researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development activities in Cyber Science and Engineering. CyberSE 2013 is sponsored by International Association for Cyber Science and Engineering, Hong Kong. CyberSE 2013 has received more than 200 submissions from 15 countries and regions. The papers come from both academia and industry reflecting the international flavor of this event in the topics of Cyber Science and Engineering. About 20 PC members and 40 International reviewers worked hard in reviewing the submissions. Based on the review reports, about 63 papers were accepted to be presented in CyberSE 2013 by the chairs. The papers were grouped into five sessions viz., 1. Computer and Information Technologies, 2. Communication Technologies, 3. Artificial Intelligence, 4. Management and Services Science, 5. Circuits and Systems. All the accepted papers have been presented on the conference, mainly by oral presentations. During the conference, many novel research works caught the attentions of the participants. The participants came to an agreement that they will participate in the CyberSE 2014 next year. All the presented papers will be published by DEStech Publications, USA. DEStech will have the proceeding indexed in ISI (Institute of Scientific Information), CPCI-S (ISTP), Google Book Search, EI and other worldwide online citation of qualified papers. We express our thanks to all the members of the General Committee Chairs, Program Committee Chairs, Technical Program Committee and Volunteers who worked so hard to prepare the conference and chair the five sessions in CyberSE 2013 . We hope that CyberSE 2013 will be successful and enjoyable to all participants. We look forward to seeing all of you next year at the CyberSE 2014. Deyao Tan, International Association for Cyber Science and Engineering, China

We are witnessing an alarming, global biodiversity crisis with an ongoing loss of species and their habitats. In response, a number of tools and approaches – including some that are contested – are being explored and promoted. Biodiversity offsets are one such approach, and deserve critical examination since the debate surrounding them has often been oversimplified and lacking practical evidence. As such, this study presents a refined typology including seven types of biodiversity offsets and taking into account different contexts, governance arrangements and drivers. It draws on a detailed analysis of theoretical concepts to explain the voluntary implementation of biodiversity offsets using an internet-based (netnographic) research approach. Furthermore it builds on a broad global explorative base of 72 practical examples and presents in-depth case studies for each type. The results reveal a number of global tendencies that allow recommendations to be made for different locations, contexts and stakeholders. They also encourage the expansion of this research field to respond to the pressing needs of policy and practice.

The academic landscape has been significantly enhanced by the advent of new technology. These tools allow researchers easier information access to better increase their knowledge base. Research 2.0 and the Impact of Digital Technologies on Scholarly Inquiry is an authoritative reference source for the latest insights on the impact of web services and social technologies for conducting academic research. Highlighting international perspectives, emerging scholarly practices, and real-world contexts, this book is ideally designed for academicians, practitioners, upper-level students, and professionals interested in the growing field of digital scholarship.

Science is an essentially cooperative, critical, and dynamic enterprise. Were it not for the continuous creation and improvement of special forms of communication, argumentation, and innovation, all of them suitable for its three key features, scientific knowledge and progress could hardly be achieved. The aim of this volume is to explore the nature of science communication in its several functions, modalities, combinations, and evolution - past, present, and future. One of our objectives is to provide an overview of the richness and variety of elements that take part in performing the complex tasks and fulfilling the functions of science communication. The overall structure and criteria for the choice of topics: 1. The origin and target of a communication episode - its source(s) and addressee(s). 2. The media of communication employed. 3. The thematic field and content types. 4. The distinction between aspects of science communication (e.g., media, texttypes, domains, communicative maxims) and aspects of research on science communication (e.g., the contribution of different research traditions to the understanding of science communication). 5. The history and dynamics of science communication (past, present, and future), both in an empirical perspective (e.g., the development of the research article) and a systematic perspective (e.g., what are basic types and mechanisms of change in science communication).