Degradation Rate Of Bioresorbable Materials

Bioresorbable materials are extensively used for a wide range of biomedical applications from drug delivery to fracture fixation, and may remain in the body for weeks, months or even years. Accurately predicting and evaluating the degradation rate of these materials is critical to their performance and the controlled release of bioactive agents. Degradation rate of bioresorbable materials provides a comprehensive review of the most important techniques in safely predicting and evaluating the degradation rate of polymer, ceramic and composite based biomaterials. Part one provides an introductory review of bioresorbable materials and the biological environment of the body. Chapters in Part two address degradation mechanisms of commonly used materials such as polymers and ceramics. This is followed by chapters on bioresorption test methods and modelling techniques in Part three. Part four discusses factors influencing bioresorbability such as sterilisation, porosity and host response. The final section reviews current clinical applications of bioresorbable materials. With its distinguished editor and multidisciplinary team of international contributors, Degradation rate of bioresorbable materials: prediction and evaluation provides a unique and valuable reference for biomaterials scientists, engineers and students as well as the medical community. Comprehensively reviews the most pertinent techniques in safely predicting and evaluating the degradation rate of bioresorbable materials Addresses degradation mechanisms of commonly used materials Discusses factors influencing bioresorbability such as sterilisation and host response

The use of bioresorbable polymers in stents, fixation devices and tissue engineering is revolutionising medicine. Both industry and academic researchers are interested in using computer modelling to replace some experiments which are costly and time consuming. This book provides readers with a comprehensive review of modelling polymers and polymeric medical devices as an alternative to practical experiments. Chapters in part one provide readers with an overview of the fundamentals of biodegradation. Part two looks at a wide range of degradation theories for bioresorbable polymers and devices. The final set of chapters look at advances in modelling biodegradation of bioresorbable polymers. This book is an essential guide to those concerned with replacing tests and experiments with modelling. Provides a comprehensive mathematical framework for computer modelling of polymers and polymeric medical devices that can significantly reduce the number of experiments needed. Reviews the fundamental methods of modelling degradation, and applies these to particular materials including amorphous bioresorbable polyesters, semicrystalline biodegradable polyesters, and composite materials made of biodegradable polyesters and triclcium phosphates

From a November 1999 symposium in Kansas City, Missouri, 12 papers explore aspects of biological implants that are absorbed by the body over time from the perspective of materials science. Their topics include the mechanical evaluation of 70:30 poly bone screws after in-vitro degradation, novel biod

This book contains a collection of different biodegradation research activities where biological processes take place. The book has two main sections: A) Polymers and Surfactants Biodegradation and B) Biodegradation: Microbial Behaviour.

This book presents a generalised computational model for the degradation of resorbable composites, using analytic expressions to represent the interwoven phenomena present during degradation. It then combines this modelling framework with a comprehensive database of quantitative degradation data mined from existing literature and from novel experiments, to provide new insights into the interrelated factors controlling degradation. Resorbable composites made of biodegradable polyesters and calcium-based ceramics have significant therapeutic potential as tissue engineering scaffolds, as temporary implants and as drug-loaded matrices for controlled release. However, their degradation is complex and the rate of resorption depends on multiple connected factors such as the shape and size of the device, polymer chemistry and molecular weight, particle phase, size, volume fraction, distribution and pH-dependent dissolution properties. Understanding and ultimately predicting the degradation of resorbable composites is of central importance if we are to fully unlock the promise of these materials.

This handbook covers characteristics, processability and application areas of biodegradable polymers, with key polymer family groups discussed. It explores the role of biodegradable polymers in different waste management practices including anaerobic digestion, and considers topics such as the different types of biorefineries for renewable monomers used in producing the building blocks for biodegradable polymers.

Science and Principles of Biodegradable and Bioresorbable Medical Polymers: Materials and Properties provides a practical guide to the use of biodegradable and bioresorbable polymers for study, research, and applications within medicine. Fundamentals of the basic principles and science behind the use of biodegradable polymers in advanced research and in medical and pharmaceutical applications are presented, as are important new concepts and principles covering materials, properties, and computer modeling, providing the reader with useful tools that will aid their own research, product design, and development. Supported by practical application examples, the scope and contents of the book provide researchers with an important reference and knowledge-based educational and training aid on the basics and fundamentals of these important medical polymers. Provides a practical guide to the fundamentals, synthesis, and processing of bioresorbable polymers in medicine Contains comprehensive coverage of material properties, including unique insights into modeling degradation Written by an eclectic mix of international authors with experience in academia and industry

Bioresorbable or biodegradable polymers are commonly used in various biomedical applications. The application of bioresorbable polymers in the biomedical sector has been widely exploited by immobilising suturing thread with an analgesic or antibacterial drugs, and the development of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds, wound-healing and intravenous drug-delivery devices. Furthermore, biodegradable polymers have been investigated as a replacement for metallic orthopaedic devices due to their precise control of material composition and microstructure. These polymers are eliminated from the body via dissolution, assimilation and excretion through metabolic pathways. The hydrolysing process breaks down the polymer into smaller units and its degradation products are excreted by means of the citric acid cycle or by direct renal excretion with no residual side effects.Processing of bioresorbable implants can be achieved via conventional polymer processing methods such as extrusion, injection and compressing moulding, solvent spinning or casting. However, special consideration must be given when processing these materials because heat can cause a reduction in molecular weight due to the hydrolysing of bonds. In addition, overheating can depolymerise the polymer and, as a result, monomers can have a plasticising effect on the polymer. Recently, alternative approaches utilising rapid prototyping and micro-/nanofabrication processes have been employed.This book addresses these issues and highlights recent advances in the biomedical field that have being enabled by the use of biodegradable polymers. This book is designed as a reference guide for academic researchers utilising biodegradable polymers in a range of areas from tissue engineering to controlled release of active pharmaceuticals, through to industry-based processors of biodegradable polymers.