Developments In Hydraulic Engineering

Four detailed review chapters by different authors cover low-head hydropower utilization, intake design for ice conditions, the interface between estuaries and seas, and polders.

Hydraulic engineering of dams and their appurtenant structures counts among the essential tasks to successfully design safe water-retaining reservoirs for hydroelectric power generation, flood retention, and irrigation and water supply demands. In view of climate change, especially dams and reservoirs, among other water infrastructure, will and have to play an even more important role than in the past as part of necessary mitigation and adaptation measures to satisfy vital needs in water supply, renewable energy and food worldwide as expressed in the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. This book deals with the major hydraulic aspects of dam engineering considering recent developments in research and construction, namely overflow, conveyance and dissipations structures of spillways, river diversion facilities during construction, bottom and low-level outlets as well as intake structures. Furthermore, the book covers reservoir sedimentation, impulse waves and dambreak waves, which are relevant topics in view of sustainable and safe operation of reservoirs. The book is richly illustrated with photographs, highlighting the various appurtenant structures of dams addressed in the book chapters, as well as figures and diagrams showing important relations among the governing parameters of a certain phenomenon. An extensive literature review along with an updated bibliography complete this book.

The fourth volume of Developments in Hydraulic Engineering follows the pattern set by the previous three volumes, in that individual chapters give an authoritative and comprehensive review of subject areas within hydraulic engineering. Each chapter is written by an author or authors active in the subject and who have contributed to its development. The first chapter on lake hydraulics deals with physical limnology of large lakes in a comprehensive discussion of processes forming the background of the ecological, engineering and economics role of lakes. The second chapter, on tidal power generation, reviews all modes of operation on the scheme, its optimisation, generating equipment and construction methods. The third chapter discusses the physical basis of multiphase (two and three phase) flows in porous media with application in hydraulic and geotechnical engineering and the oil industry. The next chapter deals with the important topic of groundwater flow and pollution transport in fractured rock aquifers with emphasis on the deterministic modelling of the flow field. The fifth chapter, on groundwater modelling, discusses the use of mathematical models and emphasises situations where the three-dimensional time variant character of the groundwater flow cannot be ignored. The last chapter on groundwater development, after a brief revision of well hydraulics, concentrates on the practical engineering and construction aspects of groundwater development and protection. All chapters contain a substantial list of references.

A sub-discipline of civil engineering that is concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids like water and sewage is known as hydraulic engineering. The force driving the movement of these fluids is the force of gravity. The principles of physical modeling, open channel hydraulics, mechanics of sediment transportation, fluid mechanics, hydrology, etc. are integral to the field of hydraulic engineering. This area of study is vital to the designing of dams, canals, bridges, channels and levees. It is also useful in the construction of hydraulic structures for sewage collection networks, water distribution networks, storm water management, sediment transport, etc. Developing strategies for the control, storage, transport, collection, regulation and use of water is an important dimension of hydraulic engineering. This book includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to hydraulic engineering. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances within this field. It aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of hydraulic engineering.