Dictionnaire Raisonne De L Europe

Qu'est-ce que l'Europe ? Un sous-continent aux limites un peu floues ? Un pittoresque kaléidoscope d'États, de peuples, de cultures, de langues, de religions ? Certes, mais l'Europe c'est surtout : un espace de démocratie et de liberté, une économie prospère et attractive, un humanisme et un mode de vie. Or, cette Europe-là est menacée. Il lui manque en effet un attribut essentiel : la puissance. L'Union européenne travaille tant bien que mal à construire cet indispensable élément de survie. Mais, qu'est-ce au juste que l'Union européenne, cet « objet politique non identifié » ? Pour beaucoup, c'est une énigme. Ce dictionnaire tente d'apporter des réponses, aussi objectives et simples que possible, à la multitude d'interrogations que pose l'Union européenne : qu'il s'agisse de son histoire et de celle des États qui la composent, ou de ses acteurs et de ses institutions, ou encore des relations internationales dans lesquelles elle s'insère et de la place qu'elle occupe dans le monde.

This book offers a new critical history of the idea of Europe from classical antiquity to the present day.

The European Union plays an increasingly central role in global relations from migration to trade to institutional financial solvency. The formation and continuation of these relations – their narratives and discourses - are rooted in social, political, and economic historical relations emerging at the founding of European states and then substantially augmented in the Post-WWII era. Any rethinking of our European narratives requires a contextualized analysis of the formation of hegemonic discourses. The book contributes to the ongoing process of "rethinking" the European project, identity, and institutions, brought about by the end of the Cold war and the current economic and political crisis. Starting from the principle that the present European crisis goes hand in hand with the crisis of its hegemonic discourse, the aim of the volume is to rescue the complexity, the richness, the ambiguity of the discourses on Europe as opposed to the present simplification. The multidisciplinary approach and the long-term perspective permits illuminating scope over multiple discourses, historical periods, and different "languages", including that of the European institutions. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of European Union politics, European integration, European History, and more broadly international relations.

Ideas of Europe is a critical essay reassessing the founding myths of Europe and the making of a European identity from antiquity to the present age. Antonelli argues that the intrinsic fragility and precarious nature of the perceived geographical entity of Europe has been compensated by the creation of a strong and wide European cultural identity, which has embraced Latin tradition as interpreted and appropriated by Germanic, Romance, Slavonic, as well as Greek and Byzantine cultures to form the European cultural space as we know it today. The development of a creative relationship between antiquity and modernity, and the birth of a European Literature have created a ‘time’ of and for Europe. The method used throughout the book is rigorously historical-philological on the one hand, while on the other it is enriched through critical dialogue with the great authors of the European tradition – from the classical Greek-Latin figures to the literati and philosophers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This critical history of the cultural representations of Europe is a vital text for readers from across the humanities and social sciences who are interested in cultural history and in the values of Europe.

In the long nineteenth century, dominant stereotypes presented people of the Mediterranean South as particularly passionate and unruly, therefore incapable of adapting to the moral and political duties imposed by European civilization and modernity. This book studies, for the first time in comparative perspective, the gender dimension of a process that legitimised internal hierarchies between North and South in the continent. It also analyses how this phenomenon was responded to from Spain and Italy, pointing to the similarities and differences between both countries. Drawing on travel narratives, satires, philosophical works, novels, plays, operas, and paintings, it shows how this transnational process affected, in changing historical contexts, the ways in which nation, gender, and modernity were imagined and mutually articulated.

Face aux défis – entre autres politiques – auxquels sont confrontés différents pays européens, les chercheurs dix-huitiémistes ont souhaité revenir sur des expressions anciennes de valeurs partagées et les interrogations passées sur des questions qui restent souvent d’actualité. Au Siècle des Lumières, nombre d’hommes et de femmes de lettres ont envisagé l’avenir du continent en particulier pour entériner leur souhait de garantir la paix en Europe. Les textes, réunis dans cette anthologie, et signés des grands écrivains du temps (Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Kant, Hume ou encore Staël), comme d’oubliés de l’histoire, présentent, avec quelques excursus chronologiques (de Sully à Hugo) les réflexions de penseurs d’un dix-huitième siècle aux bornes chronologiques étendues – l’émergence et la chute de l’Empire engendrent des bouleversements nombreux –, sur l’Europe, son histoire, sa diversité, mais aussi sur ce qu’ont en commun les nations qui composent, dans leur variété, un ensemble géographique. Ils mettent en évidence les origines historiques d’un projet d’union européenne, le souhait de consolider les liens du continent avec le Maghreb ou la Turquie, l’importance accordée au commerce et les inquiétudes suscitées par les sursauts de l’histoire, mais aussi l’espoir placé dans les générations futures. La Société française d’étude du XVIIIe siècle, l’Université d’Augsburg, l’Université d’Oxford ont généreusement contribué à la publication de ce volume. In view of the challenges—many of which are political—that different European countries are currently facing, scholars who work on the 18th century have compiled this anthology which includes earlier recognitions of common values and past considerations of questions which often remain pertinent nowadays. During the Enlightenment, many men and women of letters envisaged the continent’s future in particular when stressing their hope that peace could be secured in Europe. The texts gathered here, and signed by major thinkers of the time (Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Kant, Hume or Staël for instance), as well as by writers history has forgotten, present the reflections, with a couple of chronological extensions (from Sully to Victor Hugo) of authors from the long eighteenth century—the French Empire and the fall of Napoleon generated numerous upheavals—on Europe, its history, its diversity, but also on what the nations, which, in all their diversity, make up a geographical unit, have in common. They show the historical origins of the project of a European union, the desire to consolidate the continent’s ties to the Maghreb or to Turkey, the importance granted to commerce and the worries engendered by history’s convulsions, but also the hope vested in future generations. The Société française d’étude du XVIIIe siècle, Augsburg University and the University of Oxford have generously contributed towards the publication of this volume.

Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Volume 13 (CMR 13) is a history of all works written on relations in the period 1700-1800 in Western Europe. Its detailed entries contain descriptions, assessments and comprehensive bibliographical details about individual works from this time.