Discussion Materials

“Why aren’t you using LTM EBITDA for credit metrics?” asked the managing director who sat across from me, his widow’s peak clearly visible as he inspected the sheet in front of him. His spacious office looked out onto New York Harbor. “Bust,” said the vice president, who was a slightly younger, douchier version of Widow’s Peak. He slashed his red ballpoint pen across the sheet and flipped to the next page. “Walk me through the debt paydown and your interest rate assumptions,” continued the VP. “Pretty dovish view. Maybe the Fed knows what they’re doing after all,” said Widow’s Peak. He shot a glance at the VP. They shared a chuckle—at what, I couldn’t tell you. This question about interest rates I knew: Dovish, I thought. Doves fly south for the winter, so dovish is downwards…low interest rates— “We’re running short on time,” said Widow’s Peak. He flipped to the cover page of my presentation. “One final point—all pitch decks should have the same title.” “Since this presentation was geared towards an LBO analysis I was thinking—” “No thinking. All decks—same title—Discussion Materials.” Noted. Discussion Materials gives the reader an honest look at Wall Street from someone in the trenches. After graduating from Columbia Business School, Bill Keenan joined Deutsche Bank’s investment banking division as an associate where despotic superiors (and the blinking red light of his BlackBerry) instilled low-level terror on an hourly basis. You’ll join him in his cubicle on the 44th floor of 60 Wall Street as he scrambles to ensure floating bar charts are the correct shade of orange and all numbers are left-aligned, but whatever you do, don’t ask him what any of it means. Leaning heavily on his fellow junior bankers and the countless outsourcing resources the bank employs, he slowly develops proficiency at the job, eventually gaining traction and respect, one deal at a time, over a two-year span, ultimately cementing his legacy in the group by attaining the unattainable: placing a dinner order on Seamless one Sunday night at work from Hwa Yuan Szechuan amounting to $25.00 (tax and tip included), the bank’s maximum allowance for meals—the perfect order.

Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. Agricultural pesticides, properly used, are essential in supplying the food requirements of the world ever growing population. The use of synthetic pesticides affects the health of human being. The indiscriminate use of pesticides has adversely affected the health of the soil. The residual pesticides in the soil not only affect the soil quality but also the water quality, as they get leached into the ground water. Due to these reasons, role of biopesticides are very important for sustainable agriculture. The use of biopesticides for sustainable agriculture is a complex issue that at times is difficult to comprehend and plan. Biopesticides are usually inherently less toxic than conventional pesticides. They generally affect only the target pest and closely related organisms, in contrast to broad spectrum, conventional pesticides that may affect organisms as different as birds, insects, and mammals. They often are effective in very small quantities and often decompose quickly, thereby resulting in lower exposures and largely avoiding the pollution problems caused by conventional pesticides. Biopesticides, key components of integrated pest management (IPM) programmes, are receiving much practical attention as a means to reduce the load of synthetic chemical products being used to control plant diseases. In most cropping systems, biological pesticides should not necessarily be viewed as wholesale replacements for chemical control of plant pests and diseases, but rather as a growing category of efficacious supplements that can be used as rotation agents to retard the onset of resistance to chemical pesticides and improve sustainability. In organic cropping systems, biopesticides can represent valuable tools that further supplement the rich collection of cultural practices that ensure against crop loss to diseases. Some of the examples of biopesticides are triazino benzimidazol, thiophene sar, pyrazoles, hydroxyacetophenones, benzoylphenylureas, thiadiazolo S triazine etc. It is observed that India occupies a comparatively better position in the arena of biopesticides; in terms of growth of usage, percentage share of the total pesticide market and also in research publications. The driving forces behind this progress are identified as huge research infrastructure (universities and bio control labs) and favourable public support system/policies. Subsequently, it delves on strategies to incorporate the promotion of biopesticides into rural development efforts like recognition of the huge traditional knowledge base and use of biopesticides developed using indigenous technologies. Some of the fundamentals of the book are synthesis of triazino benzimidazol as 1 biopesticides, synthesis and pesticidal activities of thiadiazolo S triazine and imidazol, synthesis and antimicrobial activities of pyrazoles, effects of penconazole on plasma membrane, metabolism of diclofop methyl , bleaching herbicides stimulate maize HMGR activity, soil transformation of acetochlor, propanil degrading amidase activity, inhibition of BTX B binding by RH 3421, KDR type resistance in German cockroach etc. This is the first book of its kind which provides different parameters for manufacturing of biopesticides. The book will not only be resourceful for new entrepreneurs but will also help the technocrats, research scholars and those who willing to know more about biopesticides. 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