Dynamic Modeling Of Human Gait And Motor Adaptation

The textbook describes the complexity of the human dynamic behavior in space and its ability to produce coordinated, adaptive, dynamically stable movements under steady conditions while negotiating complex terrains and experiencing unexpected perturbations. Applying fundamental theories of biomechanics and physiology, the authors further consider the physical, perceptual, and motor aspects of the locomotor system towards the analysis of how humans can behave adaptively in space by virtue of their intelligent sensory-motor functions and to illuminate our understanding of how this complexity in behavior can provide insight into the neural control of locomotion of the musculoskeletal system. The text provides a foundation for describing the normal and abnormal human locomotor systems. The Human Locomotor System: Physiological and Technological Foundations is intended as a primary text for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses in neuroscience, gait analysis, kinesiology, physical therapy, sports science, and biomedical and rehabilitation engineering. It is also a valuable professional reference for scientists and engineers at medical and pharmaceutical companies involved in bioengineering research and development.

A large number of volumes have been produced summarizing the work on generation and control of rhythmic movements, in particular locomotion. Unfortunately most of them focus on locomotor studies done on animals. This edited volume redresses that imbalance by focusing completely on human locomotor behaviour. The very nature of the problem has both necessitated and attracted researchers from a wide variety of disciplines ranging from psychology, neurophysiology, kinesiology, engineering, medicine to computer science. The different and unique perspectives they bring to this problem provide a comprehensive picture of the current state of knowledge on the generation and regulation of human locomotor behaviour. A common unifying theme of this volume is studying the adaptability of human gait to obtain insights into the control of locomotion. The intentional focus on "adaptability" is meant to draw attention to the importance of understanding the generation and regulation of "skilled locomotor behaviour" rather than just the generation of basic locomotor patterns which has been the major focus of animal studies. The synthesis chapter at the end of the volume examines how the questions posed, the technology, and the experimental and theoretical paradigms have evolved over the years, and what the future has in store for this important research domain.

The model-based investigation of motions of anthropomorphic systems is an important interdisciplinary research topic involving specialists from many fields such as Robotics, Biomechanics, Physiology, Orthopedics, Psychology, Neurosciences, Sports, Computer Graphics and Applied Mathematics. This book presents a study of basic locomotion forms such as walking and running is of particular interest due to the high demand on dynamic coordination, actuator efficiency and balance control. Mathematical models and numerical simulation and optimization techniques are explained, in combination with experimental data, which can help to better understand the basic underlying mechanisms of these motions and to improve them. Example topics treated in this book are Modeling techniques for anthropomorphic bipedal walking systems Optimized walking motions for different objective functions Identification of objective functions from measurements Simulation and optimization approaches for humanoid robots Biologically inspired control algorithms for bipedal walking Generation and deformation of natural walking in computer graphics Imitation of human motions on humanoids Emotional body language during walking Simulation of biologically inspired actuators for bipedal walking machines Modeling and simulation techniques for the development of prostheses Functional electrical stimulation of walking.

Gait Analysis Laboratory is a comprehensive, interactive package for the study of human gait. It includes a text, IBM-compatible software, and an accompanying software manual. Everyone from undergraduate students to research professionals should find it easy to study over 250 variables involved in human gait with this package. And, this resource provides a study of gait in three dimensions instead of two. The book and software make the theory and tools of gait analysis available to anyone with a basic knowledge of mechanics and anatomy and with access to a personal computer, including researchers in biomechanics, kinesiology, biomedical engineering, and the movement sciences in general; students and teachers in physical education and physical therapy; and clinicians in orthopaedic surgery, physical therapy, podiatry, rehabilitation, neurology, and sports medicine. Dynamics of Human Gait text: the text - a theoretical introduction to human gait - contains five chapters. Chapter One explains the walking human as a series of interconnected systems that form the framework for detailed gait analysis. Chapter Two emphasizes the three-dimensional and cyclic nature of human gait.Chapter Three integrates anthropometric, kinematic, and force-plate data to form a 3D analysis of gait. Chapter Four describes the basics of electromyography. And Chapter Five contains a case study of the gait patterns of a person with a movement disability. GaitLab software: the GaitLab software contains three separate programs - Gaitmath, Gaitplot, and Animate - that help users apply the theoretical information in the text. Gaitmath allows users to input data to calculate five sets of parameters for gait - body segment parameters, linear kinematics, centres of gravity, angular kinematics, and dynamics of joints. Gaitplot plots these parameters graphically in many combinations. It also includes an animation program that models data from Gaitmath into a simple moving figure. Researchers and students can input the sample data provided - or, with the necessary gait analysis hardware, they can capture their own data and use the Gaitplot and Gaitmath programs to bring their data to life. The Animate program illustrates the gait patterns. Users can view colour-coded sequences of a nondisabled man walking on a treadmill.They can see how muscle activity, joint moments, and ground reaction forces are integrated. A freeze-frame function allows users to stop and look at any phase of the gait cycle. The accompanying software manual gives users all the information they need to run the software successfully. Hardware compatibility: the Gaitmath and Gaitplot programs can be run on any IBM or IBM-compatible personal computer equipped with a hard disk drive and a CGA monitor or a monochrome monitor with a graphics adapter. The Animate program requires an EGA or VGA card and monitor. This package should help everyone from student to professional understand the complexities of human gait.

This book reports on advances in human modeling techniques, covering cutting-edge algorithms and their practical implementation in health and medicine, automotive, clothing, virtual reality simulations, robotics, and assistive technologies. Gathering the proceedings of the 8th International Digital Human Modeling Symposium, held on September 4-6, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, it offers a timely snapshot on interdisciplinary, applied research, at the interface between computer science, ergonomics, engineering, design, health and technologies.

Human Modelling for Bio-inspired Robotics: Mechanical Engineering in Assistive Technologies presents the most cutting-edge research outcomes in the area of mechanical and control aspects of human functions for macro-scale (human size) applications. Intended to provide researchers both in academia and industry with key content on which to base their developments, this book is organized and written by senior experts in their fields. Human Modeling for Bio-Inspired Robotics: Mechanical Engineering in Assistive Technologies offers a system-level investigation into human mechanisms that inspire the development of assistive technologies and humanoid robotics, including topics in modelling of anatomical, musculoskeletal, neural and cognitive systems, as well as motor skills, adaptation and integration. Each chapter is written by a subject expert and discusses its background, research challenges, key outcomes, application, and future trends. This book will be especially useful for academic and industry researchers in this exciting field, as well as graduate-level students to bring them up to speed with the latest technology in mechanical design and control aspects of the area. Previous knowledge of the fundamentals of kinematics, dynamics, control, and signal processing is assumed. Presents the most recent research outcomes in the area of mechanical and control aspects of human functions for macro-scale (human size) applications Covers background information and fundamental concepts of human modelling Includes modelling of anatomical, musculoskeletal, neural and cognitive systems, as well as motor skills, adaptation, integration, and safety issues Assumes previous knowledge of the fundamentals of kinematics, dynamics, control, and signal processing

This book presents advanced technologies used in practice to enable early recognition and tracking of various threats to national security. It discusses practical applications, examples and recent challenges in the application fields using sophisticated sensory devices, embedded designs and airborne and ground unmanned vehicles. Undeniably rapid advances in the development of sophisticated sensory devices, significant increases of computing power available to embedded designs and the development of airborne and ground unmanned vehicles offer almost unlimited possibilities for fighting various types of pathologies affecting our societies. The book provides scientists, researchers, engineers and graduate students involved in computer vision, image processing, data fusion, control algorithms, mechanics, data mining, navigation and integrated circuit (IC) with numerous valuable, useful and practical suggestions and solutions.