Efficacy Of Entomopathogenic Nematodes And Their Symbiotic Bacteria For Biocontrol Of Frankliniella Occidentalis And Thrips Tabaci

The present research aimed to study efficiency of 41 isolates of entomopathogenic fungi, belonging to 25 species from 11 genera isolated from different hosts in Thailand, as biological control agents against Frankliniella occidentalis (PERGANDE) and Thrips tabaci LINDEMAN (Thys., Thripidae). Firstly, the efficiency isolates was screened in the laboratory for the following characteristics: pathogenicity, virulence degree and effectiveness. In further experiments, the isolates that displayed highly efficient were subjected to studies biological and ecological characteristics, mode of infection, their efficiency under abiotic and biotic factors as well as side effects on non-target arthropods. Finally, persistence on different host plants and efficiency for controlling thrips under greenhouse conditions were investigated. In the laboratory, the results showed that 37 isolates for F. occidentalis and 36 isolates for T. tabaci were found to be pathogenic. The 16 isolates were highly pathogenic. Fungi isolates varied significantly in term of virulence. Five isolates were superior to all other isolates according to the virulence degree. The efficiency against all stages of both thrips species showed that the susceptibility decreased from larvae over pupae to adults. Beauveria bassiana Bb.5335 and Metarhizium anisopliae Ma.7965 displayed the highest efficacy throughout the following series of screenings and were used for further experimentation. Biological characteristics of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were dependent on environmental factors but they did not greatly affect. The process involving pathogenicity on thrips began from 12 h and was completed within 72 h after inoculation. However, temperature and life stage of thrips were found to have effects on the development of pathogenicity process. The efficacy of the two fungi was higher at 25 and 30°C than at 18 and 35°C. Those increased with increasing relative humidity and varied according to the host plant whether on crop or ornamental plants. Both thrips species reared on cucumber were highly susceptible to fungal infection but significantly less susceptible when reared on saintpaulia. B. bassiana and M. anisopliae had low side effects on non-target beneficial arthropods.

Achieving a sustainable agriculture requires integrating advances in multiples disciplines, covering both fundamental and applied research in a common objective: enhancing crop health for better productions. This first volume of the Series “Sustainability in plant and crop protection” presents a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary compendium about the recent achievements in the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as biological control in a global scale. The volume is organized in a first section discussing the last discoveries on the biology and ecology of the EPN, a second section covering the advances on the EPN productions and release, and a third section with multiples case-studies in which the concepts and ideas on the two previous sections are integrated and discussed. An essential tool for researchers and professionals working to advance in the sustainable use of our resources.

This book describes entomopathogenic and slug parasitic nematodes as potential biocontrol agents in crop insect and slug pest management. Addressing research on these two nematodes from tropical, subtropical and temperate countries, it covers the new techniques and major developments regarding mass production, formulation, application, commercialization and safety measures. Plans for future strategies to make these beneficial nematodes cost-effective and expand their use by including them in integrated pest management programmes in different agro-ecosystems are also discussed. Biocontrol Agents: Entomopathogenic and Slug Parasitic Nematodes provides a comprehensive review of the topic and is an essential resource for researchers, industry practitioners and advanced students in the fields of biological control and integrated pest management.

This book aims to address the importance of natural enemies and functional diversity for biological control in Neotropical agroecosystems. Several aspects related to the conservation of natural enemies, such as vegetation design and climate change, are discussed in Part 1 and the bioecology of several insects groups used in biological control in Latin America is presented in Part 2. Part 3 is devoted to mass production of natural enemies while Part 4 describes how these insects have been used to control of pests in major crops, forests, pasture, weeds and plant diseases. Lastly, Part 5 reports Latin-American experiences of integration of biological in pest management programs.

Discover a comprehensive and current overview of microbial bioprospecting written by leading voices in the field In Bioprospecting of Microorganism-Based Industrial Molecules, distinguished researchers and authors Sudhir P. Singh and Santosh Kumar Upadhyay deliver global perspectives of bioprospecting of biodiversity. The book covers diverse aspects of bioprospecting of microorganisms demonstrating biomass value of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, biomedical, and bioenergetic importance. The authors present an amalgamation of translational research on bioresource utilization and ecological sustainability that will further the reader’s knowledge of the applications of different microbial diversity and reveal new avenues of research investigation. Readers will also benefit from: A thorough introduction to microbial biodiversity and bioprospecting An exploration of anti-ageing and skin lightening microbial products and microbial production of anti-cancerous biomolecules A treatment of UV protective compounds from algal biodiversity and polysaccharides from marine microalgal sources Discussions of microbial sources of insect toxic proteins and the role of microbes in bio-surfactants production Perfect for academics, scientists, researchers, graduate and post-graduate students working and studying in the areas of microbiology, food biotechnology, industrial microbiology, plant biotechnology, and microbial biotechnology, Bioprospecting of Microorganism-Based Industrial Molecules is an indispensable guide for anyone looking for a comprehensive overview of the subject.