Emerging Knowledge Economies In Asia

The book aims to identify key issues and developments in ASEAN-5 that illustrate the transition of this region towards a knowledge-based economy. The book contributes to understanding the opportunities and challenges faced by emerging economies. It explains the transition process from a knowledge based perspective, showing how knowledge creation and innovation contribute to the competitiveness of companies and sectors in this region. The book takes a distinctly ASEAN perspective by discussing examples of the transition process from all ASEAN 5 nations that show how this region is attempting to link up to the global knowledge economy of the 21st Century. To achieve these aims the book is divided into three parts, preceded by an introductory chapter explaining the logic, objectives and contributions of the book. Part I discusses ASEAN-5 as an emerging hub in the global economy. Part II discusses the global links of the ASEAN region. Part III highlights innovation support in the ASEAN region. Each part identifies key developments and discusses relevant challenges and opportunities regarding the economic transition process based on examples for the various ASEAN-5 nations. The book contributes to the literature on emerging economies by explaining their challenges and opportunities of the catching-up process from a knowledge-based perspective. It is definitely a must-read.

This book promotes the creation of advanced knowledge-based economies driven by innovation networks and the continuous development of human capital and capability. It provides valuable insights into the growing emergence of knowledge-based industries of the Asia Pacific, and highlights research on: modes of creativity and innovation; intellectual property; the components of national innovation systems such as firms, education and training; knowledge and technical infrastructure; and public policy. The Asia Pacific region is currently in the process of transforming from being the manufacturing centre of the global economy to a centre of innovation for the knowledge economy, with the successful IPO of Alibaba in 2014 being a prime example of this shift. From a neo-Schumpeterian perspective, the region is increasingly engaged in shortening and intensifying cycles of innovation. The historic agreement at the Beijing APEC meeting between China and the US to radically reduce carbon emissions indicates that one imperative of this innovation is to contribute to sustainability. The fact that the US Government is moving away from this historic commitment, while the Chinese Government is endorsing the commitment, indicates an emerging opportunity for Asia to lead the world technologically in a vital industrial sector of the future.

The evolution of the information and communciations technology (ICT) paradigm is shifting the basis for economic activity from material and labour inputs to knowledge and information inputs, spawning the knowledge-based economy. In East Asia, it is evident that the emergence of the knowledge-based economy is disrupting the flying-geese pattern of development and creating a new industrial geography. This book gives a picture of the shifting industrial geography in the region based on accounts of the status of the knowledge-based economy in ten individual East Asian economies. For some economies the increased production of ICT equipment and services is the pathway to the knowledge-based economy and even to leapfrogging ahead of more advanced economies. Other economies are focused on putting in place the physical and institutional infrastructure to connect to electronic networks and avoid the digital divide. For yet others, the emergence of the knowledge-based economy is expanding their role in the region, adding the role of ICT hub.

Based on the success of the World Scientific publication “Governing and Managing Knowledge” edited by Thomas Menkhoff, Hans-Dieter Evers and Chay Yue Wah in 2005, this unique volume presents 16 new theoretical-practical papers on the strategic aspects of developing knowledge-based economies with case studies from South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines and Uzbekistan. A key question which the book seeks to answer is what Asian policy-makers and leaders in government, economy and society can do to further enhance learning and capability formation so as to foster sustainable development in an increasingly globalized world. It addresses the politico-cultural and socio-economic challenges of effectively managing both knowledge resources and coping with the great digital divide created by globalization, continuous technology innovations and rapid external change. A key objective of the publication is to enable latecomers in the knowledge race to understand some of the critical success factors of sustainable knowledge-based development and what it takes to build a resilient knowledge-based economy. Contents:Introduction: Strategic Aspects of Developing Asia' Knowledge-Based Economies (T Menkhoff, H-D Evers, Y W Chay & E F Pang)Conceptualizing and Strategizing Knowledge as an Engine for Growth:Knowledge Hubs and Knowledge Clusters: A Knowledge Architecture for Development (H-D Evers, S Gerke & T Menkhoff)Using Knowledge as an Engine of Growth: The Case of South Korea (D H C Chen)'Knowledge Society' as Academic Concept and Stage of Development: A Conceptual and Historical Review (A-K Hornidge)Measuring Spatial Density: Knowledge Clusters in Malaysia (H-D Evers, P Nienkemper & B Schraven)The Moment of Truth for Science: The Consequences of the 'Knowledge Society' for Society and Science (P Weingart)The Conflicting “Norms” of Science in the Institutionalization of Scientific Knowledge (K G Huang)Governing and Managing Knowledge as a Strategic Development Resource: Asian Experiences:Korea's Public Research System as a National Knowledge Infrastructure (K-R Lee)Practicing Knowledge Management: Thailand's Experience (S Pasong)Emerging Epistemic Landscapes: Knowledge Clusters in Ho Chi Minh City and the Mekong Delta (H-D Evers & T Bauer)Knowledge Sharing in the Indonesian Context: Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) as Potential Knowledge Hub to Create Value from Academia, Business and Government Linkages (J H Tjakraatmadja, A Wicaksono & L Martini)Achieving Knowledge Economy Status Through Good Knowledge Governance: The Singapore KBE Story Revisited (T Menkhoff, H-D Evers, Y W Chay & S Gerke)Knowledge for Poverty Alleviation: A Framework for Developing Intangible Assects of Low-Income Communities (S D Talisayon & J P Suministrado)Knowledge Loss: Managing Local Knowledge in Rural Uzbekistan (H-D Evers & C Wall)Local Knowledge as a Strategic Resource: Fisheries in the Seasonal Floodplains of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam (S Gerke & J Ehlert)Integrating Natural and Social Sciences: Developing a Water Information System for the Mekong Delta (T Menkhoff, S Gerke & H-D Evers)Implementing Knowledge Management in a Geographically Dispersed Organization: The Case of an NGO (P Luthra & S L Pan) Readership: Graduate students, researchers, knowledge-based development and knowledge management (KM) practitioners in public policy, governance and business. Keywords:Knowledge for Development (K4D);Knowledge Management (KM);Knowledge Economy;Public Policy;Local Knowledge;Asia (South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, Uzbekistan)Key Features:Examines how concepts such as value creating knowledge architectures can be applied to the requirements of both developing countries and emerging markets in AsiaProvides lessons learned from Asia's successful knowledge-based economies such as South Korea and Singapore as well as insights how countries such as Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam and Uzbekistan attempt to strategize on knowledge for developmentSuitable for policy-makers, leaders in development and business as well as graduate students who want to enhance their knowledge for development capabilities aimed at leveraging on knowledge as factor of production in an era of accelerated innovation and profound knowledge traps

Higher education institutions in Asia and the Pacific, modeled on industrial age thinking that demands excellence in routinized capacities, lack the ability to innovate and create new knowledge enterprises. The transition to a knowledge economy is affecting the purpose, content, pedagogy, and methodologies of higher education. Nontraditional stakeholders such as professional bodies, industry experts, think tanks, research institutes, and field experts/practitioners are now involved not only in planning but in providing higher education services. The traditional model of "knowledge versus skills" is no longer relevant. Higher education programs must consider lived experiences, contextual knowledge, and indigenous knowledge.

Introduction : governing and managing knowledge in Asia / Thomas Menkhoff, Hans-Dieter Evers and Yue Wah Chay -- pt. I. What is knowledge?. ch. 1. Knowledge of enterprise : knowledge management or knowledge technology? / Milan Zeleny. ch. 2. "Knowledge" and the sociology of science / Hans-Dieter Evers -- pt. II. The rise of Asian knowledge society. ch. 3. The knowledge gap and the digital divide / Hans-Dieter Evers. ch. 4. Local and global knowledge : social science research on South-east Asia / Solvay Gerke and Hans-Dieter Evers. ch. 5. Transition towards a knowledge society : Malaysia and Indonesia in global perspective / Hans-Dieter Evers -- pt. III. Strategic groups as K-economy drivers. ch. 6. Knowledge management : an essential tool for the public sector / Thomas B. Riley. ch. 7. Reflections about the role of expert knowledge and consultants in an emerging knowledge-based economy / Hans-Dieter Evers and Thomas Menkhoff. ch. 8. Knowledge in development : epistemic machineries in a global context / Hans-Dieter Evers, Markus Kaiser and Christine Müller. ch. 9. Building vibrant science and technology parks with knowledge management : trends in Singapore / Thomas Menkhoff [und weitere]. ch. 10. Applying knowledge management in university research / Benjamin Loh [und weitere] -- pt. IV. KM applications and challenges. ch. 11. Notes from an "Intelligent Island" : towards strategic knowledge management in Singapore's small business sector / Thomas Menkhoff, Yue Wah Chay and Benjamin Loh. ch. 12. Collaboration and competition : the Knowledge Research Institute of Singapore as a model KM system / Patrick Lambe. ch. 13. Creating a KM platform for strategic success : a case study of Wipro Technologies, India / RaviShankar Mayasandra N. and Shan Ling Pan -- pt. V. Focus on K-sharing behavior in organizations. ch. 14. What makes knowledge sharing in organizations tick? - an empirical study / Yue Wah Chay [und weitere]. ch. 15. The moderating effects of friendship ties and dispositional factors on inducement and knowledge sharing among employees / Ho-Beng Chia [und weitere]

This book focuses on the contribution of Information Technology (IT) and Information Technology Enabled Services (ITES) in shaping the current and future global economic scenario, with a special focus on Asia, and taking into account the three broad macroeconomic dimensions — growth, sustainability and governance mechanisms. The last two decades have witnessed a structural shift in the world economy due to the tremendous growth in gross domestic product share for the service sector; in fact, service has emerged as the dominant sector and the main driver of GDP growth. This is mainly attributable to the spectacular success of the IT sector in the new knowledge economy. Tradability, technology and transportability – the three T’s – govern productivity growth in today’s services. Growing Asian economies such as India, China and Vietnam, using their demographic advantages, have been reaping the benefits of this boom. The book’s content focuses on recent debates and discussions concerning the issue of long-term sustainability and governance, especially in India, as these companies are facing continuous challenges in terms of international competition, salary inflation, health hazards, scarcity of talent, employee attrition, security concerns, global slowdown and many other technology-related issues. The book further highlights how the increased application of IT-based products and services is resulting in harsh inequalities concerning income distribution in many developing countries of Asia, mainly because of its labor shedding nature, and hence might be detrimental to sustainable development, if suitable policy measures are not implemented to counter these effects. The book provides a wealth of information for researchers, graduate students and political scientists alike, as well as thought-provoking insights for social scientists, policymakers and government officials. It also offers a valuable source of data for business and management professionals, and for members of Chambers of Commerce and Industry.

Asia must be at the center of the global fight against climate change. It is the world’s most populous region, with high economic growth, a rising share of global greenhouse gas emissions, and the most vulnerability to climate risks. Its current resource- and emission-intensive growth pattern is not sustainable. This study recognizes low-carbon green growth as an imperative—not an option—for developing Asia. Asia has already started to move toward low-carbon green growth. Many emerging economies have started to use sustainable development to bring competitiveness to their industries and to serve growing green technology markets. The aim of this study is to share the experiences of emerging Asian economies and the lessons learned. The book assesses the low-carbon and green policies and practices taken by Asian countries, identifies gaps, and examines new opportunities for low-carbon green growth.