Environmental Catalysis

This book brings together highlights of a theme which is growing in interest: the creation of a sustainable society using catalysis as the main tool. Catalysts play key roles in the production of clean fuels, the conversion of waste and green raw materials into energy, clean combustion engines including control of NOx and soot production and reduction of greenhouse gases, production of clean water and of polymers, as well as reduction from polymers to monomers. Catalysts are also of prime importance in the developing H2 and syngas production technology, aimed at producing clean fuels for the coming decades. And catalysts can be recycled. Contents:Catalysis and the Environment (R A van Santen)Catalysts for Renewable Energy and Chemicals, the Thermal Conversion of Biomass (F Janssen)Fuel Cells (J A R van Veen)Catalytic Processes for High-Quality Transportation Fuels (K P de Jong)Oxidative Coupling of Methane and Related Reactions (J H Lunsford)Methane Utilisation via Synthesis Gas Generation — Catalytic Chemistry and Technology (J A Lercher et al.)Towards Catalysis in a Sustainable Fine Chemical Industry (L A Hulshof)Catalytic Combustion (J W Geus & A J van Dillen)Water Treatment by Heterogeneous Photocatalysis (J-M Herrmann)Catalytical Removing Nitrate from Water (K-D Vorlop & Y Prüsse)Contribution of Catalysis Towards the Reduction of Atmospheric Air Pollution: Co2, CFCs, N2O, Ozone (A E van Diepen et al.)Emission Control from Mobile Sources: Otto and Diesel Engines (A E van Diepen et al.)Emission Control from Stationary Sources (F Janssen)Polymers, Back to Chemical Feedstocks (L A A Schöen & L C E Struik)Deactivation, Regeneration and Recycling of Hydroprocessing Catalysts (S Eijsbouts) Readership: Chemists and technologists active in catalysis research and application, environmental specialists and students. Keywords:Catalysis;Fuel Cells;Environmental Catalysis;Energy;Exhaust;Emisson;Fine Chemicals;Water TreatmentReviews:“… is a brilliant introduction for the addressed readership … All contributions demonstrate very impressively the increasing importance of applied environmental catalysis and moreover they define the progress of modern societies for minimizing the environmental impacts.”Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

Environmental Catalysis Edited by G. Ertl, H. Knozinger, J. Weitkamp The first in-depth book on environmental catalysis covers the topics environmental catalysis - mobile sources environmental catalysis - stationary sources catalytic combustion catalytic routes to hydro(chloro)fluorocarbons heterogeneous catalysis in the troposhere and is indispensable for every scientist and engineer working in the automobile and energy industries, atmospheric research, and related areas. Its clear presentation, many illustrations and diagrams and coverage of important aspects such as a brief comparison of the emission legislation in the most significant countries makes the book ideally suitable to catalytic chemists as well as experts active in politics and environmental protection.

The study of environmental interfaces and environmental catalysis is central to finding more effective solutions to air pollution and in understanding of how pollution impacts the natural environment. Encompassing concepts, techniques, and methods, Environmental Catalysis provides a mix of theory, computation, analysis, and synthesis to support the latest applications in biocatalysis, green chemistry, environmental remediation and our understanding of the interaction of pollutants with natural systems. The book focuses on several aspects of environmental catalysis. Surface catalysis of airborne particles - including ice, trace atmospheric gases, aerosolized soot nanoparticles, and mineral dust surfaces - as well as particles in contact with ground water and their role in surface adsorption, surface catalysis, hydrolysis, dissolution, precipitation, oxidation and ozone decomposition is explored. It continues by presenting catalysis as the key technology for treating emissions and reducing waste by-products. The authors review the theory behind catalytic converters and discuss the effectiveness of several catalysts, including zeolites and nanoparticles, in treating emissions, aromatic hydrocarbons, and chemical warfare agents. They also survey the use of biocatalysis in environmental remediation, and industrial processes, particularly in the production of transportation fuels, fine chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Then the authors explain how enzymes can remove chlorinated organics and metals and how microbes can metabolize toxic chemicals from groundwater. Lastly, they discuss the principles of green chemistry, including the use of environmentally benign solvents, biphasic catalysts, and other alternative solvents to recover and recycle catalysts based on heavy metals. With increasing ground water pollution, increasing particulates in the atmosphere, and the increasing need to remove pollutants from industrial and automotive sources, Environmental Catalysis addresses issues that will be instrumental in current and future environmental challenges we face.

Advanced Nanomaterials for Pollutant Sensing and Environmental Catalysis presents the most recent advances and scientific discoveries in the fields of environmental protection and sensing with nanotechnology. The book's authors highlight recent advancements in how nanotechnology is being used to create more efficient pollution controls, with particular attention given to noble metal nanosensors, novel hollow micro-/nanostructures with innovative functions, and advanced nanocatalysts based on carbon materials for water splitting. Each chapter demonstrates the fundamentals of the technology, illustrating key concepts and highlighting the latest developments and challenges in these multi-disciplinary fields. This book is a valuable resource for academic researchers, graduate students and R&D professionals in the fields of material science, chemistry, environmental science and nanotechnology. Presents the current state-of-the-art and covers the fundamentals and related technologies from a strong chemical, material and environmental engineering background Covers current trends and issues, including nontoxicity, efficiency of decomposition, and the sensitivity of nanomaterials used for sensing and environmental remediation Highlights the benefits and challenges of using nanomaterials to control pollution

This book offers an overview of the recent studies and advances in environmental catalysis by nanomaterials, considering both the fundamental and the technological aspects. It offers contributions in different areas of environmental catalysis, including the catalytic and photocatalytic abatement of environmentally hazardous effluents from stationary or mobile sources, the valorization of waste and the production of sustainable energy. In other words, this monograph provides an overview of modern environmental and energy related applications with a particular emphasis to nano-sized catalytic materials. Recent concepts, experimental data and advanced theories are reported in this book to give evidence of the environmental and sustainable applications that can be found in the highly interdisciplinary field of catalysis.

Catalysis for Sustainability: Goals, Challenges, and Impacts explores the intersection between catalytic science and sustainable technologies as a means to addressing current economic, social, and environmental problems. These problems include harnessing alternative energy sources, pollution prevention and remediation, and the manufacturing of commodity products. The book describes the nature of catalysis regarding sustainability and presents challenges to accomplishing sustainability as well as the significance of proven or potential success. The contributors have backgrounds in academia and industry to create a more integrated picture of the issues involving sustainability and catalysis. Broad in scope, the book covers topics such as traditional metal-mediated catalysis, organocatalysis, biocatalysis, biomimicry, and heterogeneous catalysis. It includes chapters dedicated to specific research areas of catalysis as they pertain to their effectiveness, their economic and environmental benefits, and the challenges researchers face in actualizing solutions. It also contains a chapter on the application of life cycle analysis to catalytic processes, demonstrating the need to holistically consider the sustainable impacts of a process. The book can be read in a straightforward fashion or skimmed without forfeiting understanding of the narrative on the strategies and intentions of research and development. Throughout the book the requirements of sustainability are measured by the triple bottom line of environmental, economic, and social impacts. It highlights real-world implementations of catalytic processes in drug development, manufacturing, polymers, and energy. Catalysis for Sustainability: Goals, Challenges, and Impacts is a strong and versatile text. It provides an introduction to the field and the issues with which it is concerned, as well as a detailed and far-reaching discussion on current achievements and future progress.

This book presents the major developments in hydrogen-related catalytic and electrocatalytic reactions over gold-based materials over the last decade, including many of the advances made by academic and industrial researchers. Gold-based catalysts with potentially exciting new applications in hydrogen technology (e.g. purification of hydrogen, anode/cathode electrodes) are being investigated at a much higher rate than even before. A variety of techniques to synthesize, characterize and evaluate these materials is being employed. The book will be of interest to all those working in catalysis/green chemistry, in particular, to advanced level researchers in catalysis using gold-based materials. It is hoped that specialists in one reaction will read with interest the chapters on the neighbouring expertise. The book is also meant for PhD-students and advanced students interested in this area.