Epstein Barr Virus Protocols

The discovery of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by Epstein, Achong, and Barr, reported in 1964 (Lancet 1:702–703), was stimulated by Denis Burkitt’s rec- nition of a novel African childhood lymphoma and his postulation that an infectious agent was involved in the tumor’s etiology (Nature194:232–234, 1962). Since then, molecular and cellular biological and computational technologies have progressed by leaps and bounds. The advent of recombinant DNA technology opened the possibilities of genetic research more than most would have realized. Not only have the molecular tools permitted the analyses of viral mechanisms, but, importantly, they have formed the basis for discerning viral presence and, subsequently, viral involvement in an increasing number of diseases. Though in every field of science the search for further knowledge is likely to be a limitless phenomenon, the distinct goal in EBV research, namely, to gain sufficient insight into the viral–host interaction to be able to intercept the pathogenic process, is beginning to be realized. Epstein-Barr virus research has effectively entered the postgenomic era that began with the sequencing of the first strains, cloned in the mid to late 1980s.

This volume explores data from the applications of molecular biological methods and the applications of recent immunological and cytogenetic methods in Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) that will offer readers possible new solutions to the unresolved problems in the EBV field. Chapters in this book cover topics such as: viral life cycle, latency, EBV-associated diseases and EBV diagnostics; in vitro methods including organotypic cultures for the analysis of EBV-epithelial cell interactions; identification of the interacting viral and cellular proteins using affinity purification-mass spectrometry methods; 3D telomere FISH; transcription analysis using high-throughput RNA sequencing, qPCR and nuclear run-on assay; analysis of viral and cellular microRNAs; isolation and characterization of exosomes and the assessment of their function; characterization of the viral genome by terminal repeat analysis and sequencing; the use of chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for the analysis of Zta-DNA interactions; epigenetic analysis by bisulfite sequencing and ChIP; novel in vivo models for the study of EBV infection; and how immunological, virological, tissue culture and molecular methods can be combined to yield Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant EBV-specific T cells for the immunotherapy of EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases (PTLD). Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Epstein Barr-Virus: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone who is interested in this fascinating and evolving field.

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections: Advances in Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Epstein-Barr Virus Infections in a compact format. The editors have built Epstein-Barr Virus Infections: Advances in Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Epstein-Barr Virus Infections in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Epstein-Barr Virus Infections: Advances in Research and Treatment: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Relates the story of the discovery of the Epstein-Barr virus in 1964 and how scientists are gradually coming to understand it, and considers why the virus causes apparently unrelated diseases in different populations.

Discovery and general biology of the virus; Morphology of the virus and of virus-induced cytopathologic changes; EB virus-induced antigens; Seroepidemiology of the virus; Biochemistry of the virus and its effects on the metabolism of infected cells; Molecular probes and genome homology; Biochemical detection of the virus genome; The state of the virus genome in transformed cells and its relationship to host cell DNA; Early events in transformation of human lymphocytes by the virus; Transformation by the virus in vitro; The nature of lymphoid cell lines and their relationhip to the virus; Activation of the viral genome in vitro; The virus as the etiologic agent of infectious mononucleosis; The relationship of the virus to burkitt's lymphoma; The relationship of the virus to nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Experimental carcinogenicity by the virus in vivo; Comparative aspects: oncogenic animal herpesviruses; Demographic studies implicating the virus in the causation of burkitt's lymphoma: prospects for nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Vaccine control of EB virus-associated tumors.

The technique of in situ hybridization, in its various forms, has been used routinely in many laboratories for a number of years. In the post-genome era, gene arrays and proteomics have allowed us to identify hitherto unknown unrecognized pathways and mechanisms. However, rather than diminish the importance of in situ hybridization, the now widespread use of screening te- nologies has increased the need to temporally and spatially localize the dist- bution of mRNA expression. Our intention, in In Situ Hybridization Protocols is to provide ample inf- mation for novices planning to set up the in situ hybridization technique and use it in their laboratory for the first time, as well as giving updates of recent developments for those laboratories where in situ hybridization techniques are already in use. Despite its widespread significance, in situ hybridization has retained a re- tation as one of the more difficult and capricious molecular biological te- niques. This may in part be because of the hybrid nature of the technique, which often requires a mixture of molecular biological and histological skills. The two techniques are usually taught and acquired in different streams of biolo- cal science. The step-by-step and detailed protocols provided in In Situ Hybridization Protocols by researchers active in the field should make it p- sible for both the molecular biologist with little experience of histology and the histologist with little experience of molecular biology to use the technique s- cessfully in their laboratories.

Oral diseases can have a significant impact on self esteem and quality of life, are widespread and may be expensive to treat. New methods to reduce their incidence are therefore needed and the protective effect of food constituents is an important area of study. This essential collection reviews the latest research into the effects of food constituents on diseases and conditions of the mouth. Part one introduces oral conditions and diseases, with chapters on topics such as diseases caused by oral bacteria, viral and fungal infections of the oral cavity and dental erosion. Part two focuses on the effects of specific foods and food components, including sugar alcohols, casein phosphopeptides and antioxidants. The final part of the book covers the technology and development of foods and supplements for oral health and oral healthcare products containing food-derived bioactives. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Food constituents and oral health is an indispensable reference for dentists, professionals in the oral health product, dietary supplement and functional foods industries and academics with an interest in oral health or functional foods. Essential collection reviews the latest research into the food constituents on diseases and conditions of the mouth Examines oral conditions and diseases with specific chapters assessing bacterial, viral and fungal infections Reviews the effects of specific foods and food components including sugar alcohols and antioxidants

This comprehensive account of the human herpesviruses provides an encyclopedic overview of their basic virology and clinical manifestations. This group of viruses includes human simplex type 1 and 2, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, HHV6A, 6B and 7, and varicella-zoster virus. The viral diseases and cancers they cause are significant and often recurrent. Their prevalence in the developed world accounts for a major burden of disease, and as a result there is a great deal of research into the pathophysiology of infection and immunobiology. Another important area covered within this volume concerns antiviral therapy and the development of vaccines. All these aspects are covered in depth, both scientifically and in terms of clinical guidelines for patient care. The text is illustrated generously throughout and is fully referenced to the latest research and developments.