Failed Images

Focusing on early nineteenth-century England?and on the works and texts of the inventor of paper photography, William Henry Fox Talbot?Singular Images, Failed Copies historicizes the conceptualization of photography in that era as part of a major historical change. Treating photography not merely as a medium or a system of representation but also as an epistemology, Vered Maimon challenges today’s prevalent association of the early photograph with the camera obscura. Instead, she points to material, formal, and conceptual differences between those two types of images by considering the philosophical and aesthetic premises linked with early photography. Through this analysis she argues that the emphasis in Talbot’s accounts on the removal of the “artist’s hand” in favor of “the pencil of nature” did not mark a shift from manual to “mechanical” and more accurate or “objective” systems of representation. In Singular Images, Failed Copies, Maimon shows that the perception of the photographic image in the 1830s and 1840s was in fact symptomatic of a crisis in the epistemological framework that had informed philosophical, scientific, and aesthetic thought for two centuries.

'Failed Images' attempts to understand the divergence between photography and the reality it portrays, analysing the various ways the photograph transforms that which exists before the camera. Because the photographic medium enables very different practices, which in turn results in many kinds of images, it must also be examined from a perspective outside of the dominant approach to the medium, generally called the 'snapshot.' This book therefore explores the photographic image by focusing on practices which refuse this conventional approach, namely staged, blurred, under- and overexposed, and archival photography.

The 4-volume set LNCS 13019, 13020, 13021 and 13022 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision, PRCV 2021, held in Beijing, China, in October-November 2021. The 201 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 513 submissions. The papers have been organized in the following topical sections: Object Detection, Tracking and Recognition; Computer Vision, Theories and Applications, Multimedia Processing and Analysis; Low-level Vision and Image Processing; Biomedical Image Processing and Analysis; Machine Learning, Neural Network and Deep Learning, and New Advances in Visual Perception and Understanding.

Fracture, Fatigue, Failure and Damage Evolution, Volume 5: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the fifth volume of eight from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on a wide range of areas, including: Mixed Mode Fracture I: Emphasis on Modeling Mixed Mode Fracture II: Emphasis on Experimental Measurements Full-Field Measurements of Fracture Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior I: Nanoscale Effects Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior II: MEMS Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior III: Microstructure Microscale & Microstructural Effects on Mechanical Behavior IV: Shape Memory Alloys Fracture & Fatigue of Composites Fracture & Fatigue for Engineering Applications Wave-Based Techniques in Fracture & Fatigue I Wave-Based Techniques in Fracture & Fatigue II: Acoustic Emissions

English Pronunciation for Speakers of Spanish fills a gaping hole in the market for books on English phonetics and pronunciation because it not only combines theoretical issues and applications to practice, but it also adopts a contrastive English-Spanish approach to better suit the needs of Spanish-speaking learners of English (SSLE), enabling them to build gradually on the knowledge gained in each chapter. The book covers the key concepts of English phonetics and phonology in seven chapters written in an accessible and engaging style: 1. Phonetics and Phonology 2. The Production and Classification of Speech Sounds 3. Vowels and Glides 4. Consonants 5. Segment Dynamics: Aspects of Connected Speech 6. Beyond the Segment: Stress and Intonation 7. Predicting Pronunciation from Spelling (and vice versa) Features: in-text audio illustrations, as well as over a hundred written and audio exercises with corresponding keys and different kinds of artwork (Tables, Figures, illustrations, spectrograms, etc.) classic readings in the discipline in the Further Reading section of each chapter highlights the phonetic contrasts and specific cues that are more important to aid comprehension in English and offers guidelines on "correct" pronunciation habits to help SSLE sound as close as possible to native English The book's companion website, EPSS Multimedia Lab, can be used on computers, smartphones and tablets, and is useful for the self-taught student and the busy lecturer alike. Features of the website: a complete sound bank defining and illustrating the sounds of English RP as compared with those of Peninsular Spanish written definitions and animated diagrams, videos and original recordings (by native speakers of English and Spanish) showing the articulation of each sound, alongside its most common spellings, as well as pronunciation practice for individual words and whole sentences a comprehensive selection of over a hundred written and audio exercises (with their keys) for practice both at home or in the language lab audio files corresponding to the audio illustrations given in the written book a repository of useful resources by topics and a list of online glossaries and pronunciation dictionaries

Concrete and stone seem made to last forever. But the fact is they develop problems. It is not always as dramatic as the collapse of a section of the roof of the Paris Charles de Gaulle airport in 2004. Gradual changes also occur that may compromise the appearance and structural soundness of buildings constructed with these materials. These changes can be created by efflorescence, thermal stress, weathering, leakage and corrosion. This book explains how to avoid typical kinds of failure. With this in mind, it systematically analyzes cases of damage in contemporary international architecture. It also offers strategies for minimizing the risk of damage. Examples include such high-visibility structures as Finlandia Hall in Helsinki, Parco della Musica in Rome and Vontz Center for Molecular Studies in Cincinnatti. In eight chapters, typical kinds of damage are explained and illustrated with examples. Beton und Stein scheinen für die Ewigkeit gemacht. Dennoch kommt es hier zu Bauschäden. Nicht immer sind sie so dramatisch wie der Deckeneinsturz im Terminal des Flughafen Paris-Roissy 2004. Es gibt auch schleichende Veränderungen, die Erscheinungsbild und Statik von Beton- oder Steingebäuden beeinträchtigen können. Dazu gehören Ausblühungen, thermische Auswirkungen, Materialunverträglichkeiten, Korrosion oder massive Krafteinwirkung. Dieses Buch zeigt, wie sich typische Schäden vermeiden lassen. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert es systematisch Schadensfälle in der zeitgenössischen internationalen Architektur. Ebenso werden Strategien vorgestellt, mit denen sich das Schadensrisiko minimieren lässt. Zu den Beispielen gehören so bekannte Bauten wie die Finlandia Hall in Helsinki, Renzo Pianos Parco della Musica in Rom oder Vontz Center for Molecular Studies in Cincinnatti. In insgesamt acht Kapiteln werden typische Schäden erklärt und dann mit Beispielen illustriert.

Written by an international group of recognized experts, this volume addresses the complications of spine surgery and the treatment of patients with adverse surgical outcomes. Coverage includes discussions of failed spine fusion, postoperative scoliosis, postoperative flat back, postoperative infection, epidural fibrosis, and complications resulting from implants and devices. Chapters offer guidelines on patient selection for surgery and identify psychosocial risk factors for chronic pain. Sections on treatment of the failed spine cover medications, physical therapy, and invasive modalities including radiofrequency procedures, spinal cord stimulation, epiduroscopy, and revision lumbar fusion. A treatment algorithm for the failed back surgery syndrome is included.

This volume contains selected papers from the Fifth Conference on Maintenance, Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics, MCMD 2021, in Oulu, Finland, collected by editors with years of experiences in condition monitoring, signal processing, advanced reasoning and diagnostics, maintenance, risk assessment, and asset management. This work maximizes reader insights into the current trends in novel technologies and maintenance trends in industrial domains, energy production and energy conservation, mechatronics and robot technologies. These proceedings discuss key issues and challenges in the operation, maintenance and risk management of complex engineering systems and will serve as a valuable resource for condition monitoring and risk management professionals from industry and science exchange knowledge, experiences and strengthen multidisciplinary network those in the field. This book will be of benefit to academia, and industry alike.