Fate Of Pesticides In The Atmosphere Implications For Environmental Risk Assessment
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Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere
Author | : Harrie F. G. van Dijk,W. Addo J. van Pul,Pim de Voogt |
Publsiher | : Unknown |
Total Pages | : 575 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : Air |
ISBN | : OCLC:42816624 |
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Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment
Author | : Harrie F.G. van Dijk,W. Addo J. van Pul,Pim de Voogt |
Publsiher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 276 |
Release | : 2013-04-17 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9789401715362 |
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Global pesticide use is currently estimated at approximately 2. 5 billion kg per year (Pimentel eta/. , 1998). To be effective, pesticides need to persist for a certain period of time. However, the longer their persistence, the greater the potential for transport of a fraction of the amount applied away from the target area. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment by water currents, wind, or biota. Pesticides can directly contaminate ground and surface waters by leaching, surface run-off and drift. Pesticides can also enter the atmosphere during application by evaporation and drift of small spray droplets, that remain airborne. Following application, pesticides may volatilise from the crop or the soil. Finally, wind erosion can cause soil particles and dust loaded with pesticides to enter the atmosphere. The extent to which pesticides enter the air compartment is dependent upon many factors: the properties of the substance in question (e. g. vapour pressure), the amount used, the method of application, the formulation, the weather conditions (such as wind speed, temperature, humidity), the nature of the crop and soil characteristics. Measurements at application sites reveal that sometimes more than half of the amount applied is lost into the atmosphere within a few days (Spencer and Cliath, 1990; Taylor and Spencer; 1990; Van den Berg et a/. , this issue).
Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment
Author | : Harrie F.G. van Dijk,W. Addo J. van Pul,Pim de Voogt |
Publsiher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 1999-10-31 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0792359941 |
Download Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Global pesticide use is currently estimated at approximately 2. 5 billion kg per year (Pimentel eta/. , 1998). To be effective, pesticides need to persist for a certain period of time. However, the longer their persistence, the greater the potential for transport of a fraction of the amount applied away from the target area. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment by water currents, wind, or biota. Pesticides can directly contaminate ground and surface waters by leaching, surface run-off and drift. Pesticides can also enter the atmosphere during application by evaporation and drift of small spray droplets, that remain airborne. Following application, pesticides may volatilise from the crop or the soil. Finally, wind erosion can cause soil particles and dust loaded with pesticides to enter the atmosphere. The extent to which pesticides enter the air compartment is dependent upon many factors: the properties of the substance in question (e. g. vapour pressure), the amount used, the method of application, the formulation, the weather conditions (such as wind speed, temperature, humidity), the nature of the crop and soil characteristics. Measurements at application sites reveal that sometimes more than half of the amount applied is lost into the atmosphere within a few days (Spencer and Cliath, 1990; Taylor and Spencer; 1990; Van den Berg et a/. , this issue).
Ecological Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems in the United States
Author | : John P. Giesy,Keith R. Solomon |
Publsiher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 269 |
Release | : 2014-04-10 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9783319038650 |
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Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.
Environmental Impacts of Pesticides Environmental Fate Ecotoxicology Risk Assessment and Remediation
Author | : Liangang Mao,Yue Geng,Jiehong Guo,Mazhar Iqbal Zafar,Yanhua Wang |
Publsiher | : Frontiers Media SA |
Total Pages | : 173 |
Release | : 2022-11-25 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9782832507223 |
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Overview of the ecological risk assessment process in the Office of Pesticide Programs U S Environmental Protection Agency endangered and threatened species effects determinations
Author | : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Pesticide Programs |
Publsiher | : DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages | : 92 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Ecological risk assessment |
ISBN | : 9781428904828 |
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Semi Field Methods for the Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Soil
Author | : Andreas Schaeffer,Paul J. van den Brink,Fred Heimbach,Simon P. Hoy,Frank M.W. de Jong,Jorg Rombke,Martina Roß-Nickoll,Jose P. Sousa |
Publsiher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 265 |
Release | : 2010-08-03 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9781439859810 |
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Based on discussions at the 2007 SETAC Europe PERAS Workshop in Coimbra, Semi-Field Methods for the Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Soil presents a timely summary of state-of-the-art higher-tier terrestrial risk assessment of plant protection products (PPPs). Influential regulators, academics, and industry scientists provide a compre
Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water
Author | : Denis Hamilton,Stephen Crossley |
Publsiher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 388 |
Release | : 2004-03-26 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9780471489917 |
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This book explores human exposure and consumer risk assessment in response to issues surrounding pesticide residues in food and drinking water. All the three main areas of consumer risk assessment including human toxicology, pesticide residue chemistry and dietary consumption are brought together and discussed. Includes the broader picture - the environmental fate of pesticides Takes an international approach with contributors from the European Union, USA and Australia Highlights the increasing concerns over food safety and the risks to humans