Fermilab Report

“A detailed and engaging account of the development of the superconducting supercollider, one of the largest scientific undertakings in the United States.” —Journal of American History Starting in the 1950s, US physicists dominated the search for elementary particles; aided by the association of this research with national security, they held this position for decades. In an effort to maintain their hegemony and track down the elusive Higgs boson, they convinced President Reagan and Congress to support construction of the multibillion-dollar Superconducting Super Collider project in Texas—the largest basic-science project ever attempted. But after the Cold War ended and the estimated SSC cost surpassed ten billion dollars, Congress terminated the project in October 1993. Drawing on extensive archival research, contemporaneous press accounts, and over one hundred interviews with scientists, engineers, government officials, and others involved, Tunnel Visions tells the riveting story of the aborted SSC project. The authors examine the complex, interrelated causes for its demise, including problems of large-project management, continuing cost overruns, and lack of foreign contributions. In doing so, they ask whether Big Science has become too large and expensive, including whether academic scientists and their government overseers can effectively manage such an enormous undertaking. “Focusing on the scientific, technical, and political conflicts that led to delays, ever rising costs, and eventually the SSC’s cancelation by Congress, Tunnel Visions is a true techno-thriller.” —Burton Richter, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics “Most good science stories are tales of discovery and success, but failure can be just as riveting. Here two historians and an archivist describe the greatest particle physics experiment that never was.” —Scientific American

This book provides a comprehensive treatment of intensity dependent particle beam instabilities in accelerating rings. Written for researchers, the material is also suitable for use as a textbook in an advanced graduate course for students studying accelerator physics.The presentation starts with a brief review of the basic concept of wake potentials and coupling impedances in the vacuum chamber followed by a discussion on static and dynamic solutions of their effects on the particle beams. Special emphasis is placed separately on proton and electron machines. Other special topics of interest covered include Landau damping, Balakin-Novokhatsky-Smirnov damping, Sacherer's integral equations, Landau cavity, saw-tooth instability, Robinson stability criteria, beam loading, transition crossing, two-stream instabilities, and collective instability issues of isochronous rings. After the formulation of an instability, readers are provided a thorough description of one or more experimental observations together with a discussion of the cures for the instability.Although the book is theory oriented, the use of mathematics has been minimized. The presentation is intended to be rigorous and self-contained with nearly all the formulas and equations derived.

The Proceedings of the Workshop covers a broad range of subjects from low energy supersymmetry through supersymmetric grand unification to supergravity and superstring theories. Although the focus was mainly on theoretical problems and ideas, the present and future experimental searches of new particles were also discussed.

The Conference timetable had to be so arranged as to spread the main topics over several separate sessions. It was therefore decided to publish the material in these Proceedings under nine subject headings, irrespective of session. Within each chapter, which is preceded by a list of the sessions featuring the subject, all papers, invited and contributed, whether presented at the Conference or accepted for publication only, have been arranged in some lo gical order. The reports of the four Panel Discussions were edited or summarized by the respective Moderator in consultation with Panel Members. In one instance, shortened versions of the Introductory Papers precede the discussion. Where possible, verbatim accounts of the often lively exchanges have been retained. The customary catalogue of high-energy acceler ators has been published separately. The continuing world-wide activities in accelerator research, witl1 its ever larger pro jects, are reflected by the numerous contributions accepted for inclusion in these Proceedings, which have reached the limit of what a single volume can manageably contain, while making rapid publication even harder to achieve. All the more reason to extend the gratitude of all con cerned to those involved in the chain of production: - To the authors, for their prompt handing-in or timely posting of their papers. Thanks also to their secretaries who followed the guidelines for the presentation of camera-ready copy.