Fiber Optics Communication Gain Enhancement Of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier Using Amplified Spontaneous Emission

Master's Thesis from the year 2019 in the subject Instructor Plans: Computing / Data Processing / IT / Telecommunication, , course: M.Tech, language: English, abstract: With the evolvement of high speed and long-distance data communication systems, conventional band erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (C-EDFAs) are getting more attention in recent times. Major advantage of the C-band EDFA is that it provides the user to realize a system with wide bandwidth of 40 nm. But, from the reported works, it is evident that for Gain enhancement in C-band using EDFA is reported with the use of multiple stages, multiple pumps, Gain flattening filters etc. However, these techniques suffered from high cost, complex techniques, and low performance. Here enhancement process was done through the narrowband Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) or fiber reflectors mirrors. In this work, a conventional band erbium doped fiber amplifier is proposed with high gain and less noise figure by incorporating the two fiber bragg gratings (FBGs) for amplified spontaneous noise reinjection. Maximum ASE is emerged at 1565 nm for the at -55 dBm carrier powers. Maximum gain is found out to be 48.16 dB with noise figure of 5.29 dBm. Fiber amplifiers are crucial and fast-growing field in the communication system. The study of this field show that the formulation procedures of lasers generation and amplifier amplification displays a problematical process due to the factors affecting and changing amplifier and laser significances in a dynamic way. Gain, noise figure, wavelength, power flatness and power output are directly affected by any element or parameter inside the amplifier configuration. The design parameters such as: erbium ions concentration, EDF length, isolators, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) position, pump power position, circulators, pump directions, all of these elements and factors are affecting directly the amplifier output. EDFA is an amplifier that is best used because of its low loss and high gain. For communication, there are two windows 1530-1560nm(C-band) and 1560-1610nm (L-band).

Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2019 in the subject Instructor Plans: Computing / Data Processing / IT / Telecommunication, , course: M.Tech, language: English, abstract: Fiber amplifiers are a crucial and fast-growing field in the communication system. The study of this field show that the formulation procedures of lasers generation and amplifier amplification displays a problematical process due to the factors affecting and changing amplifier and laser significance in a dynamic way. Gain, noise figure, wavelength, power flatness and power output are directly affected by any element or parameter inside the amplifier configuration. The design parameters such as: erbium ions concentration, EDF length, isolators, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) position, pump power position, circulators, pump directions, all of these elements and factors are affecting directly the amplifier output. EDFA is an amplifier that is best used because of its low loss and high gain. For communication, there are two windows 1530-1560nm(C-band) and 1560-1610nm (L-band).

Optical communications networks are becoming increasingly important as there is demand for high capacity links. Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is widely deployed at the core networks to accommodate high capacity transport systems. Optical components such as optical amplifiers, tunable filters, transceivers, termination devices and add-drop multiplexers are becoming more reliable and affordable. Access and metropolitan area networks are increasingly built with optical technologies to overcome the electronic bottleneck at network edges. New components and subsystems for very high speed optical networks offer new design options.The proceedings of the First International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks present high quality recent research results in the areas of optical communications, network components, architectures, protocols, planning, design, management and operation.

Optical communications networks are becoming increasingly important as there is demand for high capacity links. Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is widely deployed at the core networks to accommodate high capacity transport systems. Optical components such as optical amplifiers, tunable filters, transceivers, termination devices and add-drop multiplexers are becoming more reliable and affordable. Access and metropolitan area networks are increasingly built with optical technologies to overcome the electronic bottleneck at network edges. New components and subsystems for very high speed optical networks offer new design options.The proceedings of the First International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks present high quality recent research results in the areas of optical communications, network components, architectures, protocols, planning, design, management and operation.

Erbium Fiber Amplifiers is a comprehensive introduction to the increasingly important topic of optical amplification. Written by three Bell Labs pioneers, the book stresses the importance of the interrelation of materials properties, optical properties, and systems aspects of optical fiber amplifiers. All disc-based content for this title is now available on the Web. Key Features * Explains the theory of noise in optically amplified systems in an intuitive way * The book contains a discussion of components used in amplifier fabrication and of the attendant technologies used in real systems * The book provides basic tools for amplifier design as well as systems engineering, including the latest developments in WDM and soliton systems * The book discusses the fundamentals of rare earth ions for the reader desiring more depth in the topic * The book is for either the novice of experienced reader * The chapter have links between them to allow the reader to understand the relationship between the amplifier characteristics, noise, and systems applications * The book contains extensive references

This book delves into the fascinating world of fiber optic cables, the unsung heroes of today's information age. It takes you on a comprehensive journey, exploring the intricate characteristics of these cables and their transformative role in communication networks, particularly within data centers and mobile technologies. The book provides a comprehensive exploration of fiber optic cables, with a focus on their design, operation, and impact on communication networks. It delves into the fundamental principles of light propagation in optical fibers and covers a range of topics, from the physics of light to the advantages of optical fibers in communication networks. It also addresses the challenges and opportunities presented by different types of optical fibers and their applications in modern technologies. Chapter 1 delves into the comprehensive exploration of optical fiber technology. It covers the foundational principles of optical fiber structures and light guiding principles, the evolution of the technology, the superiority of fiber optic communication systems over traditional copper-based systems, specialty optical fibers, and their unique applications, and the transformative impact of optical fiber technologies on communication networks. Chapter 2 delves into the physics of light propagation in optical fibers. It explores the concept of light from both wave and ray perspectives, gaining a deeper understanding of its behavior. The chapter also covers the crucial role of the refractive index and reflection coefficient in guiding light through the fiber core, as well as the intricacies of light propagation as it interacts with varying refractive indices within the fiber. Chapter 3 focuses on the challenges encountered during light propagation in optical fibers. It includes a comprehensive examination of the fiber optic cable structure, exploring its various components. The chapter also explores the intricacies of a fiber optic communication system, with a particular focus on the crucial role of Total Internal Reflection in guiding light along the desired path, and the concept of attenuation, a primary challenge in fiber optic communication, and how it affects signal strength. Chapter 4 takes a closer look at the design, protection, and environment-specific solutions employed in fiber optic cables. It offers a scientific exploration of fiber optic cable design, analyzing the different components and their contributions to overall functionality. The chapter also provides a detailed focus on outdoor cables, fiber optic connectors, the intricate details of fiber optic connectors, highlighting the importance of precision engineering, durable materials, tools, and splicing equipment for fiber optic network installation and maintenance. Chapter 5 introduces the essential elements of a fiber optic communication system – the light sources and detectors. The chapter provides a foundational overview of different fiber optic cable categories and dives into the concept of refractive index profiles and its crucial role in determining light propagation characteristics. It also explores the underlying principles of light emission, the role of energy bands, and the fundamental differences between LEDs and lasers, as well as an in-depth analysis of edge-emitting, including their quantum efficiency and light generation mechanisms and scientific breakdown of Laser Diodes and Avalanche Photodiodes. Chapter 6 delves into the realm of Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM), a revolutionary technology that has significantly increased the capacity of fiber optic communication networks. The chapter offers a clear introduction to the concept of WDM and its relationship with the structure of optical fibers. It also explores various passive and active optical components, the science behind active optical components, fiber optic transmission systems, and microwave over fiber optics links, and the key technologies driving DWDM advancements.

This thesis is related to the spectroscopic and optical properties of doped optical fibers used as a laser amplifier for short laser pulses at high repetition rates emitting around 2 μm. Therefore short pulses created by a laser diode are amplified in thulium-doped optical fibers combining the benefits of a direct electronic control of the laser diodes' parameters and the robust setup of an optical fiber system that can easily be integrated. After the development of a high-current pulse generator especially adapted to the 2 μm laser diodes used, pulses of > 7 ns with peak powers in the Watt range could be generated. Due to the modal behaviour of these laser diodes only 2 mW of peak power could be launched into a single-mode fiber. By comparing different fiber glasses, a heavy metal fluoride glass could be identified as the optimum host for the ions thulium and holmium emitting around 2 μm. Due to the development of a numerical simulation tool based on rate equations and radiation transport equations the fiber parameters such as core diameter, fiber length etc. could be optimized, minimizing the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) created inside the fiber. Based on this simulation a laser system consisting of cascaded fiber amplifiers could be realized. I emits short laser pulses (20-30 ns) at high repetition rates (up to 125 kHz) and peak powers of up to 5 kW. In contrast to Q-switched lasers the pulse width created is independent of the repetition rate. By using these pulses at 1.87 μm as an optical pump for a Cr2+:ZnSe laser, efficiencies of up to 22% could be reached at an emission wavelength of 2.5 μm.