Fixing Flawed Urban Planning

Urban planning is as broad as the scope of urban government, which is closest to the people. It is an essential pre-requisite to the successful performance of duties of urban government, because it does offer most logical approach to solving city's problems, arising from rapid urban growth and expansion, as well as from changing conditions affecting inner city. This book is about establishing what has gone wrong with urban planning in Delhi, and of fixing flawed urban planning in operation. In this context, it is pertinent to have an understanding of the metropolis of Delhi, as much as the urban planning process. The book describes the metropolis through its morphology, its socioeconomic profile, the way rich and the poor live, its built environment, mode of travel, and the administrative aspects of urban planning. This book is not only for town planners but also for the citizens of Delhi, with the intention of making them more aware and enlightened about urban planning and urban governance. Urban planning is making decisions that profoundly affect the form and character of Delhi metropolis, in which its citizens live and the manner of their lives.

The book is an effort to evolve and present a humane approach for urban planning practices in India. The planning approach followed in India, mostly, ignores the cultural peculiarities, habits, preferences of Indian users. This is mainly because the city planning –preparation of development plans – is based on the planning norms formulated in Europe or North America. Due to socioeconomic, demographic and cultural differences in Indian context, the Indian users and their preferences are very much different. It may be useful to incorporate culture-specific user aspects and evolve a humane approach to city planning in India. The consideration of user preferences will not only reduce conflicting situations in urban areas due to non-congruence between planning principles adopted and principles of urbanism rooted in the place, but will also help to develop living social environments in developing cities. Hence in the book, a study about user preferences is presented. It brought out few facts about the peculiarities of Indian users, their preferences and Indian principles of urbanism, which is discussed in the book. The study establishes the fact that there are culture-specific user preferences in Indian context. It further evolves framework for humane approach to deal evolving built environments in urban India.

Increased urbanization is posing challenges to maintain and improve quality of life in towns and cities of India. Urban areas, undoubtedly, are the economic engines. Simultaneously, they are facing challenges of the increased number of people, traffic, commercial activities, structures, creating new and expanding existing slums, environmental deterioration and pro-growth policies are just adding fuel to the fire. This raises number of questions. Are existing urban centers are ready and equipped to provide required infrastructure, services, amenities, and social and cultural needs of the existing and incoming people? Can India build smart and sustainable communities for today and tomorrow? What is smart planning in Indian Context? And finally, can India lead the world in planning, designing, and developing futuristic cities? The book is attempting to explore answers to these questions. This book is a concise document to understand built environment and human activities and provide smart, practical and functional planning solutions. Furthermore, this book explains theory and practice of many elements and facets of urban and rural planning ranging from need of planning, planner's identity, zoning, land use planning, transportation, urban design, landscaping, environment, and historic preservation. This book is designed to guide to build smart, sustainable, harmonious, and futuristic communities with smart, innovative, and creative tools such as sustainability, context sensitive design, form-based codes, mixed-use and life-style developments, charrettes, creative design options for Indian urban and rural areas. Execution and implementation of the suggested solutions and models can make urban and rural areas to be the most beautiful places to live, work, play, learn, invest, worship and raise a family on the most beautiful place on earth – India. This book is designed for practicing, academics, and students of urban/city/town/regional/rural planning, civil engineering, architecture, landscape architecture, urban design, environmental studies, economics, development studies, Indian Administrative Services (IAS) trainees, trainers/faculty, and practitioners, elected officials (all levels), policy makers, business and city managers, sociologists, religious leads, land-use and zoning lawyers, judicial judges, development community, civic society groups, citizens active and interested in improving quality of life, and organizations with goals to improve living conditions for humanity, such as World Bank, United Nations, and Shack-Slum Dwellers International.

Reforming Urban Transport in India is an attempt to take stock of the various issues our cities and towns are facing in the area of urban transport, efforts made and being made both at the policy level as well as the field level to address the problems, the ever increasing complexities of challenges in the area of urban mobility and some of the laudable initiatives on the ground to handle the problems. This book would be a valuable addition to the limited literature available on the subject of urban transport in India. The topic has not attained much prominence even in the broader discussions on the transport sector issues in the country. The fact that we address our urban transport issues in a casual manner but there is need to take them up in a focused and purposeful manner and this can no longer be delayed is probably the one loud message which is emerging out of this volume. The wealth of knowledge of the contributors, each one of them having huge experience behind them in this sector, makes the book a valuable addition to the literature and a helpful guide in policy discussions.

Deep within an inner cave (guhahitam) of our existence remains our potential Divinity. It is the place where our reflected sentient being (the First Bird) is trying to probe into to recover the hidden sun. The allegory is evident in the parable of the Cave once preached by the Upanishads and later by the Greek philosopher Plato. The probe is to push forward the First Bird to surge higher in the resplendent celestial blue under the full radiance of the Solar world, which is the Second, resulting in an explosion of an infinite all-pervading Divinity. Till the union and the rapture is attained, there are the two Birds – one, the psychic being, which is within us and the other one, which is the direct portion of the Divine. The direct portion is constantly trying to guide and work within us, so that evolution goes on and on. In the words of Sri Aurobindo, it is the Çhaitya Purusha, the direct portion of the Divine in the human, which is working incessantly till the rapture is activated. Ancient roots are evident in the ancient Swetaswatara Upanishad hailed by the primordial Sage Kapila and coded originally in a later text called the Bhagabat Purana, The Çhaitya Purusha is also the being that is behind the Chitta, Sri Aurobindo says. Millenniums later, the inspired Architects in the most ancient of all Buddhist ages had carved out the sacred idea in form of rock-cut expressions called the Chaitya hall. As the Mahayana Sutra of the foremost Shurangama at the Crown of the Great Buddha says: …the way of practicing the Samadhi is not singular and its actual method of cultivation depends upon the functioning of mind and mental concomitants (Citta-Chaitya pravritti) of each being and their interconnectedness (Mahat)… It is in the recovery or a re-tracing of the two as a DIVINITY that is originally ONE, an individual's journey called evolution and a collective journey called civilization itself are sustained. It is also from the deeper embedded patterns of this journey the gems of the system's foundation can be quarried.

It's time for America to move beyond zoning, argues city planner M. Nolan Gray in Arbitrary Lines: How Zoning Broke the American City and How to Fix It. With lively explanations, Gray shows why zoning abolition is a necessary--if not sufficient--condition for building more affordable, vibrant, equitable, and sustainable cities. Gray lays the groundwork for this ambitious cause by clearing up common misconceptions about how American cities regulate growth and examining four contemporary critiques of zoning (its role in increasing housing costs, restricting growth in our most productive cities, institutionalizing racial and economic segregation, and mandating sprawl). He sets out some of the efforts currently underway to reform zoning and charts how land-use regulation might work in the post-zoning American city. Arbitrary Lines is an invitation to rethink the rules that will continue to shape American life--where we may live or work, who we may encounter, how we may travel. If the task seems daunting, the good news is that we have nowhere to go but up

Through the insightful lens of an experienced practitioner, this book describes the origin, execution, and impact of urban repopulation strategies—initiatives designed to attract residents, businesses, jobs, shoppers, and visitors to places that had undergone decades of decline and abandonment. The central question throughout the strategies explored in the book is who should benefit? Who should benefit from the allocation of scarce public capital? Who should enjoy the social benefits of urban development? And who will populate redeveloped areas? Kromer provides realistic guidance about how to move forward with strategic choices that have to be made in pursuing the best opportunities available within highly disadvantaged, resource-starved urban areas. Each of the cases presents strategies that are strongly influenced by geography, economics, politics, and individual leadership, but they address key issues that are major concerns everywhere: enlivening downtowns, stabilizing and strengthening neighborhoods, eliminating industrial-age blight, and providing quality public education options.