Fluids Under Control

This volume presents state-of-the-art developments in theoretical and applied fluid mechanics. Chapters are based on lectures given at a workshop in the summer school Fluids under Control, held in Prague on August 25, 2021. Readers will find a thorough analysis of current research topics, presented by leading experts in their respective fields. Specific topics covered include: Magnetohydrodynamic systems The steady Navier-Stokes-Fourier system Boussinesq equations Fluid-structure-acoustic interactions Fluids under Control will be a valuable resource for students interested in mathematical fluid mechanics.

This volume was designed as a text for medical students, house officers, and even clinicians. It deals with the most common problems in nephrology, providing new insight into how to improve clinical skills. A comprehensive overview of renal physiology and electrolyte disorders lays the groundwork for a clear presentation of the pathophysiological principles that underlie these disorders and a step-by-step presentation of the mechanisms behind the signs and symptoms of kidney failure. The origins of this book can be traced to the teaching of a Renal Pathophysiology course at the Washington University School of Medicine, beginning in the mid-1960s. When changes in the medical school curriculum took place in the early 1970s, an effort was made to synthesize the minimum core curriculum for sophomore medical students, and the distillation of "essential material" to be covered in the area of renal pathophysiology led to the development of the first edition of a renal syllabus. This syllabus has been used in our department since 1974, and, following some of the recommendations and critiques of students and faculty, it has been entirely reworked many times to improve its effectiveness and value. This book is a direct extension of that syllabus, integrated with contri butions from faculty members in our Renal Division, and expanded to include a section on therapy in most chapters. It is our hope that this format will serve the needs of not only sophomore and senior medical students, but also house officers, nephrology fellows, and clinicians.

This open access book, published by Springer under the Open Access CC BY 4.0 Licence in collaboration with the International Fluid Academy (IFA, www.fluidacademy.org), explores rationalized intravenous fluid therapy for critically ill patients. Despite being commonly prescribed in inpatient settings, intravenous fluids are often administered without evidence-based guidelines, neglecting essential considerations such as the fact they are drugs, that need proper dosing, duration, indications, contraindications, side effects, and de-escalation. This book fills this knowledge gap. Each chapter starts with a clinical vignette and a related question, followed by a concise summary abstract, key learning points, main text, and a conclusion that addresses the clinical question and provides relevant take-home messages. Additionally, every chapter includes an IFA commentary referencing the latest literature and evidence. The book begins with an introductory chapter that provides definitions and terminology, followed by four sections. The first section covers the fundamentals of intravenous fluid therapy, including fluid compartments in sick patients, fluid bolus dynamics, heart-lung interactions, fluid challenge, fluid responsiveness, arterial blood gas analysis based on traditional and Stewart concepts, and electrolyte physiology relevant to clinical issues. The second section discusses commercially available intravenous fluids, while the third section focuses on fluid therapy in specific clinical situations. The final section introduces the concepts of fluid stewardship and appropriate fluid prescription. Aligned with the International Fluid Academy's mission to enhance education and promote research on fluid management and monitoring, ultimately improving patient survival rates, this book contributes significantly to establishing fluid stewardship at the bedside. It provides valuable support for physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals across various clinical disciplines working in emergency rooms, operating rooms, or intensive care units, aiding their everyday clinical practice.

Discusses various types of intravenous fluid (IV) and the techniques of administration. Reviews physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology and describes administration of fluid therapy for different surgical conditions. The final section explains the calculation of fluids.

This contributed volume is based on talks given at the August 2016 summer school “Fluids Under Pressure,” held in Prague as part of the “Prague-Sum” series. Written by experts in their respective fields, chapters explore the complex role that pressure plays in physics, mathematical modeling, and fluid flow analysis. Specific topics covered include: Oceanic and atmospheric dynamics Incompressible flows Viscous compressible flows Well-posedness of the Navier-Stokes equations Weak solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations Fluids Under Pressure will be a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers studying fluid flow dynamics.

In a microgravity experiment, the conditions prevalent in fluid phases can be substantially different from those on the ground and can be exploited to improve different processes. Fluid physics research in microgravity is important for the advancement of all microgravity scients: life, material, and engineering. Space flight provides a uniqu