Fractional Order Systems

This book aims to bring together the latest innovative knowledge, analysis, and synthesis of fractional control problems of nonlinear systems as well as some related applications. Fractional order systems (FOS) are dynamical systems that can be modelled by a fractional differential equation carried with a non-integer derivative. In the last few decades, the growth of science and engineering systems has considerably stimulated the employment of fractional calculus in many subjects of control theory, for example, in stability, stabilization, controllability, observability, observer design, and fault estimation. The application of control theory in FOS is an important issue in many engineering applications. So, to accurately describe these systems, the fractional order differential equations have been introduced.

Fractional-order Systems and Controls details the use of fractional calculus in the description and modeling of systems, and in a range of control design and practical applications. It is largely self-contained, covering the fundamentals of fractional calculus together with some analytical and numerical techniques and providing MATLAB® codes for the simulation of fractional-order control (FOC) systems. Many different FOC schemes are presented for control and dynamic systems problems. Practical material relating to a wide variety of applications is also provided. All the control schemes and applications are presented in the monograph with either system simulation results or real experimental results, or both. Fractional-order Systems and Controls provides readers with a basic understanding of FOC concepts and methods, so they can extend their use of FOC in other industrial system applications, thereby expanding their range of disciplines by exploiting this versatile new set of control techniques.

This book is focused on fractional order systems. Historically, fractional calculus has been recognized since the inception of regular calculus, with the first written reference dated in September 1695 in a letter from Leibniz to L’Hospital. Nowadays, fractional calculus has a wide area of applications in areas such as physics, chemistry, bioengineering, chaos theory, control systems engineering, and many others. In all those applications, we deal with fractional order systems in general. Moreover, fractional calculus plays an important role even in complex systems and therefore allows us to develop better descriptions of real-world phenomena. On that basis, fractional order systems are ubiquitous, as the whole real world around us is fractional. Due to this reason, it is urgent to consider almost all systems as fractional order systems. This Special Issue explores applications of such systems to control, synchronization, and various mathematical models, as for instance, MRI, long memory process, diffusion.

Fractional Order Systems: An Overview of Mathematics, Design, and Applications for Engineers introduces applications from a design perspective, helping readers plan and design their own applications. The book includes the different techniques employed to design fractional-order systems/devices comprehensively and straightforwardly. Furthermore, mathematics is available in the literature on how to solve fractional-order calculus for system applications. This book introduces the mathematics that has been employed explicitly for fractional-order systems. It will prove an excellent material for students and scholars who want to quickly understand the field of fractional-order systems and contribute to its different domains and applications. Fractional-order systems are believed to play an essential role in our day-to-day activities. Therefore, several researchers around the globe endeavor to work in the different domains of fractional-order systems. The efforts include developing the mathematics to solve fractional-order calculus/systems and to achieve the feasible designs for various applications of fractional-order systems. Presents a simple and comprehensive understanding of the field of fractional-order systems Offers practical knowledge on the design of fractional-order systems for different applications Exposes users to possible new applications for fractional-order systems

Fractional order calculus is finding increasing interest in the control system community. Hardware realizations of fractional order controllers have sparked off a renewed zeal into the investigations of control system design in the light of fractional calculus. As such many notions of integer order LTI systems are being modified and extended to incorporate these new concepts. Computational Intelligence (CI) techniques have been applied to engineering problems to find solutions to many hitherto intractable conundrums and is a useful tool for dealing with problems of higher computational complexity. This book borders on the interface between CI techniques and fractional calculus, and looks at ways in which fractional order control systems may be designed or enhanced using CI based paradigms. To the best of the author’s knowledge this is the first book of its kind exclusively dedicated to the application of computational intelligence techniques in fractional order systems and control. The book tries to assimilate various existing concepts in this nascent field of fractional order intelligent control and is aimed at researchers and post graduate students working in this field.

"Fractional-Order Nonlinear Systems: Modeling, Analysis and Simulation" presents a study of fractional-order chaotic systems accompanied by Matlab programs for simulating their state space trajectories, which are shown in the illustrations in the book. Description of the chaotic systems is clearly presented and their analysis and numerical solution are done in an easy-to-follow manner. Simulink models for the selected fractional-order systems are also presented. The readers will understand the fundamentals of the fractional calculus, how real dynamical systems can be described using fractional derivatives and fractional differential equations, how such equations can be solved, and how to simulate and explore chaotic systems of fractional order. The book addresses to mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and other scientists interested in chaos phenomena or in fractional-order systems. It can be used in courses on dynamical systems, control theory, and applied mathematics at graduate or postgraduate level. Ivo Petráš is an Associate Professor of automatic control and the Director of the Institute of Control and Informatization of Production Processes, Faculty of BERG, Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic. His main research interests include control systems, industrial automation, and applied mathematics.

This book presents a detailed study on fractional-order, set-point, weighted PID control strategies and the development of curve-fitting-based approximation techniques for fractional-order parameters. Furthermore, in all the cases, it includes the Scilab-based commands and functions for easy implementation and better understanding, and to appeal to a wide range of readers working with the software. The presented Scilab-based toolbox is the first toolbox for fractional-order systems developed in open-source software. The toolboxes allow time and frequency domains as well as stability analysis of the fractional-order systems and controllers. The book also provides real-time examples of the control of process plants using the developed fractional-order based PID control strategies and the approximation techniques. The book is of interest to readers in the areas of fractional-order controllers, approximation techniques, process modeling, control, and optimization, both in industry and academia. In industry, the book is particularly valuable in the areas of research and development (R&D) as well as areas where PID controllers suffice – and it should be noted that around 80% of low-level controllers in industry are PID based. The book is also useful where conventional PIDs are constrained, such as in industries where long-term delay and non-linearity are present. Here it can be used for the design of controllers for real-time processes. The book is also a valuable teaching and learning resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students.