Gender Rolitis

Many Faces of Gender: Roles and Relationships through Time in Indigenous Northern Communities is an interdisciplinary volume that addresses the dearth in descriptions and analyses of gender roles and relationships in Native societies in North America's boreal reaches. This collection complements existing conceptual frameworks and develops new methodological and theoretical approaches that more fully articulate the complex nature of social, economic, political, and material relationships between indigenous men and women in this region. The contributors challenge the widespread notion that Native women's and men's roles are frozen in time, a concept precluding the possibility of differently constructed gender categories and changing power relations and roles through time. By examining the prehistorical, historical, and modern records, they demonstrate that these roles are not fixed and have indeed gradually transformed. Many Faces of Gender: Roles and Relationships through Time in Indigenous Northern Communities is ideal for anthropologists and archaeologists interested in cross-disciplinary studies of gender, households, women, and lithics. With Contributions By: Lillian Ackerman Hetty Jo Brumbach Barbara Crass Lisa Frink Brian Hoffman Robert Jarvenpa Carol Zane Jolles Gregory Reinhardt Rita Shepard Henry Stewart Jennifer Ann Tobey Peter Whitridge

Previously issued as author's Thesis (Ph. D.), Utrecht University, 2012.

Gender encompasses biological sex but extends beyond it to the socially prescribed roles deemed appropriate for each sex by the culture in which we live. The gender roles we each carry out are highly individualistic, built on our biological and physical traits, appearance and personality, life experiences such as childhood, career and education, and history of sexual and romantic interactions. Each element influences perceptions and expectations. Gender-related experiences influence and shape the ways we think about others and ourselves including self-image, behaviour, mood, social advancement and coping strategies. This new book brings together leading international research devoted to this subject.

Designed for use in courses on gender and sex roles offered in sociology, psychology, and women's studies, this book gives an organizational perspective by devoting equal coverage to men's and women's concerns in a developmental or life-cycle framework. Thorough, updated treatment of gender roles in single-parent families and among the elderly is included, plus the latest information about men and women in occupations (percentages, salaries, types of discrimination) and in politics (the gender gap, women in political elites, policy questions).

The term "gender" was first distinguished from "sex" in the 1950s when psychologists began to discuss the idea of "gender roles," behaviors and responsibilities given to people by a society rather than flowing from their biology. Since then, leaders across disciplines have sought to better understand the roles of biology, psychology, and culture on gender. New language has emerged alongside rich scientific inquiry and research. Increased visibility of transgender and nonbinary communities has brought awareness to a range of gender diverse experiences, while legal battles, wage disparities, and health inequities continue to prove gender's relevancy in today's world. In this book, Laura Erickson-Schroth and Benjamin Davis guide readers through the knowns and unknowns of gender, asking questions such as: What is the difference between sex, gender identity, and gender expression? Were ancient societies matriarchal? How different are male and female brains, really? What role does language play in the ways we think about gender? What do we know about sex and gender in non-human species? What are the current frontiers in gender equality? Gender: What Everyone Needs to Know® is an easy-to-read guide that takes readers on a much-needed tour of perspectives on gender and identity in the 21st century. The book is written in a question-and-answer format, and Erickson-Schroth and Davis cover topics such as current definitions; the history of gender as concept; theÂrole of biology, psychology, and culture on gender; and gender norms over time and across the globe.

The book, Gender Roles and Family Analysis, attempts to examine the relationship between working wives decreased time availablity for family work and its impact on husbands contributions to that domain. Since the participation of women in labour force has increased at a rapid rate, the various conceptual some of the dynamics of gender relationships, especially the changes experienced by and the attending impacts on men and women in domestic as well as in paid-work spheres.

This valuable and unique reference surveys and synthesizes information on gender roles in more than thirty countries from around the world. Each chapter is devoted to a single country, and the chapters are arranged in alphabetical order for ease of use. All of the chapters are written from the perspective of experts who have lived and worked in the countries profiled. To foster cross-national comparisons, each chapter follows the same format, including an introduction and contextual overview; gender roles in infancy and childhood, school years, young adulthood, adulthood, and old age; and a summary and conclusions. The design of the chapters traces the development of gender roles across the life-cycle and affords an additional opportunity for comparing data. This reference will be of interest to anyone concerned with gender issues, psychology, sociology, and anthropology.