Genetics Genomics And Breeding Of Grapes

Grapevine is a highly valuable crop worldwide, both from a cultural as well as a commercial point of view. One of its major advantages is that it is well adapted to scarce water conditions. The main object of grapevine breeding is to develop varieties that are resistant to pathogens and at the same time well-adapted to a changing environment. Since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been a concerted effort by the international scientific community to develop genomic tools and resources for grapevine, culminating in its complete genome sequence. The book reviews these efforts and their usefulness for grapevine breeding and viticulture improvement.

This book describes the current state of international grape genomics, with a focus on the latest findings, tools and strategies employed in genome sequencing and analysis, and genetic mapping of important agronomic traits. It also discusses how these are having a direct impact on outcomes for grape breeders and the international grape research community. While V. vinifera is a model species, it is not always appreciated that its cultivation usually requires the use of other Vitis species as rootstocks. The book discusses genetic diversity within the Vitis genus, the available genetic resources for breeding, and the available genomic resources for other Vitis species. Grapes (Vitis vinifera spp. vinifera) have been a source of food and wine since their domestication from their wild progenitor (Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris) around 8,000 years ago, and they are now the world’s most valuable horticultural crop. In addition to being economically important, V. vinifera is also a model organism for the study of perennial fruit crops for two reasons: Firstly, its ability to be transformed and micropropagated via somatic embryogenesis, and secondly its relatively small genome size of 500 Mb. The economic importance of grapes made V. vinifera an obvious early candidate for genomic sequencing, and accordingly, two draft genomes were reported in 2007. Remarkably, these were the first genomes of any fruiting crop to be sequenced and only the fourth for flowering plants. Although riddled with gaps and potentially omitting large regions of repetitive sequences, the two genomes have provided valuable insights into grape genomes. Cited in over 2,000 articles, the genome has served as a reference in more than 3,000 genome-wide transcriptional analyses. Further, recent advances in DNA sequencing and bioinformatics are enabling the assembly of reference-grade genome references for more grape genotypes revealing the exceptional extent of structural variation in the species.

With contributions by internationally reputed researchers in the field, this book presents the implications of the genomic revolution for conifers—promoting a better understanding of the evolution of these organisms as well as new knowledge about the molecular basis of quantitative trait variation. Both of these discoveries play important roles in their domestication. Topics include cytogenetics, patterns of nucleotide diversity, genetic mapping, integration of molecular markers in breeding, transcriptomics, advances in proteomics and metabolomics in gymnosperms, and economic importance.

The stone fruits—including peaches, apricots, almonds, plums, and cherries—have been bred and grown for thousands of years and today are significant agricultural crops in many local economies worldwide. This volume presents a comprehensive commentary on classical genetics and breeding, molecular mapping and breeding of agronomic traits, and the cloning of genes of interest. It also explores recent advances on omics sciences including structural and functional genomics, proteomics, nd metabolomics. The book enumerates the whole genome sequencing of the model fruit plant peach and discusses bioinformatic strategies and tools for stone fruit research

The stone fruits—including peaches, apricots, almonds, plums, and cherries—have been bred and grown for thousands of years and today are significant agricultural crops in many local economies worldwide. This volume presents a comprehensive commentary on classical genetics and breeding, molecular mapping and breeding of agronomic traits, and the cloning of genes of interest. It also explores recent advances on omics sciences including structural and functional genomics, proteomics, nd metabolomics. The book enumerates the whole genome sequencing of the model fruit plant peach and discusses bioinformatic strategies and tools for stone fruit research

The book describes the history of Brassica oilseed crops, introduces the Brassica genome, its evolution, diversity, classical genetic studies, and breeding. It also delves into molecular genetic linkage and physical maps, progress with genome sequencing initiatives, mutagenesis approaches for trait improvement, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinfo

Musa is one of three genera in the family of Musaceae. Over 50 species of Musa exist, including bananas and plantains. This book assembles the latest information on the genomic research of this genus. A group of leading experts in Musa genetics, genomics, and breeding provide basic as well as advanced information for those interested in learning more about the banana genome. The accessible style is easily understood by students and researchers, making the book an ideal springboard for those looking to do expanded research into this crop.

The last two decades has been the most exciting period in cucurbit genetic, genomic, and breeding research especially for cucumber, melon, and watermelon. In addition, cucumber became the first cucurbit to be sequenced, after other field crops such as rice, sorghum, soybean, and maize. In thirteen chapters by 34 internationally renowned scientists, this book provides an in-depth review of the state of the art of genetic and genomic research conducted in cucurbits. It will be an essential resource for cucurbit researchers as well as scientists working in other crops.