Geographical Information System And Crime Mapping

Geographical Information System and Crime Mapping features a diverse array of Geographic Information System (GIS) applications in crime analysis, from general issues such as GIS as a communication process, interjurisdictional mapping and data sharing to specific applications in tracking serial killers and predicting violence-prone zones. It supports readers in developing and implementing crime mapping techniques. The distribution of crime is explained with reference to theories of human ecology, transport network, built environment, housing markets, and forms of urban management, including policing. Concepts are supported with relevant case studies and real-time crime data to illustrate concepts and applications of crime mapping. Aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students, professionals in GIS, Crime Analysis, Spatial Analysis, Ergonomics and human factors, this book: Provides an update of GIS applications for crime mapping studies Highlights growing potential of GIS for crime mapping, monitoring, and reduction through developing and implementing crime mapping techniques Covers Operational Research, Spatial Regression model, Point Analysis and so forth Builds models helpful in police patrolling, surveillance and crime mapping from a technology perspective Includes a dedicated section on case studies including exercises and data samples

Geographical Information System and Crime Mapping features a diverse array of Geographic Information System (GIS) applications in crime analysis, from general issues such as GIS as a communication process, interjurisdictional mapping and data sharing to specific applications in tracking serial killers and predicting violence-prone zones. It supports readers in developing and implementing crime mapping techniques. The distribution of crime is explained with reference to theories of human ecology, transport network, built environment, housing markets, and forms of urban management, including policing. Concepts are supported with relevant case studies and real-time crime data to illustrate concepts and applications of crime mapping. Aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students, professionals in GIS, Crime Analysis, Spatial Analysis, Ergonomics and human factors, this book: Provides an update of GIS applications for crime mapping studies Highlights growing potential of GIS for crime mapping, monitoring, and reduction through developing and implementing crime mapping techniques Covers Operational Research, Spatial Regression model, Point Analysis and so forth Builds models helpful in police patrolling, surveillance and crime mapping from a technology perspective Includes a dedicated section on case studies including exercises and data samples

Computerized crime mapping or GIS in law enforcement agencies has experienced rapid growth, particularly since the mid 1990s. There has also been increasing interests in GIS analysis of crime from various academic fields including criminology, geography, urban planning, information science and others. This book features a diverse array of GIS applications in crime analysis, from general issues such as GIS as a communication process and inter-jurisdictional data sharing to specific applications in tracking serial killers and predicting juvenile violence. Geographic Information Systems and Crime Analysis showcases a broad range of methods and techniques from typical GIS tasks such as geocoding and hotspot analysis to advanced technologies such as geographic profiling, agent-based modeling and web GIS. Contributors range from university professors, criminologists in research institutes to police chiefs, GIS analysts in police departments and consultants in criminal justice.

The growing potential of GIS for supporting policing and crimereduction is now being recognised by a broader community. GIS canbe employed at different levels to support operational policing,tactical crime mapping, detection, and wider-ranging strategicanalyses. With the use of GIS for crime mapping increasing, thisbook provides a definitive reference. GIS and Crime Mapping provides essential information andreference material to support readers in developing andimplementing crime mapping. Relevant case studies help demonstratethe key principles, concepts and applications of crime mapping. This book combines the topics of theoretical principles, GIS,analytical techniques, data processing solutions, informationsharing, problem-solving approaches, map design, and organisationalstructures for using crime mapping for policing and crimereduction. Delivered in an accessible style, topics are covered ina manner that underpins crime mapping use in the three broad areasof operations, tactics and strategy. Provides a complete start-to-finish coverage of crime mapping,including theory, scientific methodologies, analysis techniques anddesign principles. Includes a comprehensive presentation of crime mappingapplications for operational, tactical and strategic purposes. Includes global case studies and examples to demonstrate goodpractice. Co-authored by Spencer Chainey, a leading researcher andconsultant on GIS and crime mapping, and Jerry Ratcliffe, arenowned professor and former police officer. This book is essential reading for crime analysts and otherprofessionals working in intelligence roles in law enforcement orcrime reduction, at the local, regional and national governmentlevels. It is also an excellent reference for undergraduateand Masters students taking courses in GIS, Geomatics, CrimeMapping, Crime Science, Criminal Justice and Criminology.

Recent years in North America have seen a rapid development in the area of crime analysis and mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. In 1996, the US National Institute of Justice (NIJ) established the crime mapping research center (CMRC), to promote research, evaluation, development, and dissemination of GIS technology. The long-term goal is to develop a fully functional Crime Analysis System (CAS) with standardized data collection and reporting mechanisms, tools for spatial and temporal analysis, visualization of data and much more. Among the drawbacks of current crime analysis systems is their lack of tools for spatial analysis. For this reason, spatial analysts should research which current analysis techniques (or variations of such techniques) that have been already successfully applied to other areas (e.g., epidemiology, location-allocation analysis, etc.) can also be employed to the spatial analysis of crime data. This book presents a few of those cases.

Since first emerging as an issue of concern in the late 1960s, fear of crime has become one of the most researched topics in contemporary criminology and receives considerable attention in a range of other disciplines including social ecology, social psychology and geography. Researchers looking the subject have consistently uncovered alarming characteristics, primarily relating to the behavioural responses that people adopt in relation to their fear of crime. This book reports on research conducted over the past eight years, in which efforts have been made to pioneer the combination of techniques from behavioural geography with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in order to map the fear of crime. The first part of the book outlines the history of research into fear of crime, with an emphasis on the many approaches that have been used to investigate the problem and the need for a spatially-explicit approach. The second part provides a technical break down of the GIS-based techniques used to map fear of crime and summarises key findings from two separate study sites. The authors describe collective avoidance behaviour in relation to disorder decline models such as the Broken Windows Thesis, the potential to integrate fear mapping with police-community partnerships and emerging avenues for further research. Issues discussed include fear of crime in relation to housing prices and disorder, the use of fear mapping as a means with which to monitor the impact of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) and fear mapping in transit environments.

Spatial Aspects of Crime: Theory and Practice is the first book specifically designed to teach the theoretical and practical aspects of mapping for criminal justice purposes. First, the book provides a solid understanding of the theoretical and empirical realities of the spatial aspects of crime. Second, the book provides readers with the practical tools necessary to conduct effective crime mapping and spatial analyses of crime. This book covers the most current, state-of-the-art uses for GIS in the criminal justice system, theoretical aspects of the geography of crime and practical instruction, and exercises on how to use GIS to conduct crime mapping and spatial analysis of crime.