Handbook Of Food Spoilage Yeasts

Far more than a simple update and revision, the Handbook of Food Spoilage Yeasts, Second Edition extends and restructures its scope and content to include important advances in the knowledge of microbial ecology, molecular biology, metabolic activity, and strategy for the prohibition and elimination of food borne yeasts. The author incorporates new insights in taxonomy and phylogeny, detection and identification, and the physiological and genetic background of yeast stress responses, and introduces novel and improved processing, packaging, and storage technologies. Including 30 new tables, 40 new figures, 20 percent more species, and more than 2000 references, this second edition provides an unparalleled overview of spoilage yeasts, delivering comprehensive coverage of the biodiversity and ecology of yeasts in a wide variety food types and commodities. Beginning with photographic examples of morphological and phenotypic characteristics, the book considers changes in taxonomy and outlines ecological factors with new sections on biofilms and interactions. It examines the yeast lifecycle, emphasizing kinetics and predictive modeling as well as stress responses; describes the regulation of metabolic activities; and looks at traditional and alternative methods for the inhibition and inactivation of yeasts. The book introduces molecular techniques for identification, enumeration, and detection and points to future developments in these areas. An entirely new chapter explores novel industrial applications of yeasts in food fermentation and biotechnology. Providing a practical guide to understanding the ecological factors governing the activities of food borne yeasts, Handbook of Food Spoilage Yeasts, Second Edition lays the foundation for improved processing technologies and more effective preservation and fermentation of food and beverage products.

Far more than a simple update and revision, the Handbook of Food Spoilage Yeasts, Second Edition extends and restructures its scope and content to include important advances in the knowledge of microbial ecology, molecular biology, metabolic activity, and strategy for the prohibition and elimination of food borne yeasts. The author incorporates new insights in taxonomy and phylogeny, detection and identification, and the physiological and genetic background of yeast stress responses, and introduces novel and improved processing, packaging, and storage technologies. Including 30 new tables, 40 new figures, 20 percent more species, and more than 2000 references, this second edition provides an unparalleled overview of spoilage yeasts, delivering comprehensive coverage of the biodiversity and ecology of yeasts in a wide variety food types and commodities. Beginning with photographic examples of morphological and phenotypic characteristics, the book considers changes in taxonomy and outlines ecological factors with new sections on biofilms and interactions. It examines the yeast lifecycle, emphasizing kinetics and predictive modeling as well as stress responses; describes the regulation of metabolic activities; and looks at traditional and alternative methods for the inhibition and inactivation of yeasts. The book introduces molecular techniques for identification, enumeration, and detection and points to future developments in these areas. An entirely new chapter explores novel industrial applications of yeasts in food fermentation and biotechnology. Providing a practical guide to understanding the ecological factors governing the activities of food borne yeasts, Handbook of Food Spoilage Yeasts, Second Edition lays the foundation for improved processing technologies and more effective preservation and fermentation of food and beverage products.

As a group of microorganisms, yeasts have an enormous impact on food and bev- age production. Scientific and technological understanding of their roles in this p- duction began to emerge in the mid-1800s, starting with the pioneering studies of Pasteur in France and Hansen in Denmark on the microbiology of beer and wine fermentations. Since that time, researchers throughout the world have been engaged in a fascinating journey of discovery and development – learning about the great diversity of food and beverage commodities that are produced or impacted by yeast activity, about the diversity of yeast species associated with these activities, and about the diversity of biochemical, physiological and molecular mechanisms that underpin the many roles of yeasts in food and beverage production. Many excellent books have now been published on yeasts in food and beverage production, and it is reasonable to ask the question – why another book? There are two different approaches to describe and understand the role of yeasts in food and beverage production. One approach is to focus on the commodity and the technology of its processing (e. g. wine fermentation, fermentation of bakery products), and this is the direction that most books on food and beverage yeasts have taken, to date. A second approach is to focus on the yeasts, themselves, and their bi- ogy in the context of food and beverage habitats.

Yeasts play a key role in the production of many foods and beverages. This role now extends beyond their widely recognized contributions to the production of alcoholic beverages and bread to include the production of many food ingredients and additives, novel uses as probiotic and biocontrol agents, their significant role as spoilage organisms, and their potential impact on food safety. Drawing upon the expertise of leading yeast researchers, this book provides a comprehensive account of the ecology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and genomics of the diverse range of yeast species associated with the production of foods and beverages.

The control of microbiological spoilage requires an understanding of a number of factors including the knowledge of possible hazards, their likely occurrence in different products, their physiological properties and the availability and effectiveness of different preventative measures. Food spoilage microorganisms focuses on the control of microbial spoilage and provides an understanding necessary to do this. The first part of this essential new book looks at tools, techniques and methods for the detection and analysis of microbial food spoilage with chapters focussing on analytical methods, predictive modelling and stability and shelf life assessment. The second part tackles the management of microbial food spoilage with particular reference to some of the major food groups where the types of spoilage, the causative microorganisms and methods for control are considered by product type. The following three parts are then dedicated to yeasts, moulds and bacteria in turn, and look in more detail at the major organisms of significance for food spoilage. In each chapter the taxonomy, spoilage characteristics, growth, survival and death characteristics, methods for detection and control options are discussed. Food spoilage microorganisms takes an applied approach to the subject and is an indispensable guide both for the microbiologist and the non-specialist, particularly those whose role involves microbial quality in food processing operations. Looks at tools, techniques and methods for the detection and analysis of microbial food spoilage Discusses the management control of microbial food spoilage Looks in detail at yeasts, moulds and bacteria

Yeasts play a crucial role in the sensory quality of a wide range of foods. They can also be a major cause of food spoilage. Maximising their benefits whilst minimising their detrimental effects requires a thorough understanding of their complex characteristics and how these can best be manipulated by food processors. Yeasts in food begins by describing the enormous range of yeasts together with methods for detection, identification and analysis. It then discusses spoilage yeasts, methods of control and stress responses to food preservation techniques. Against this background, the bulk of the book looks at the role of yeasts in particular types of food. There are chapters on dairy products, meat, fruit, bread, soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, soy products, chocolate and coffee. Each chapter describes the diversity of yeasts associated with each type of food, their beneficial and detrimental effects on food quality, methods of analysis and quality control. With its distinguished editors and international team of over 30 contributors, Yeasts in food is a standard reference for the food industry in maximising the contribution of yeasts to food quality. Describes the enormous range of yeasts together with methods for detection, identification and analysis Discusses spoilage yeasts, methods of control and stress responses to food preservation techniques Examines the beneficial and detrimental effects of yeasts in particular types of food, including dairy products, meat, fruit, bread, soft drinks, alcoholic beverages, soy products, chocolate and coffee

Numerous foods are prepared by fermentation processes in which one or more kinds of microorganisms are responsible for the characteristic flavour or texture, and sometimes for the keeping quality of the product. The manufacture of fermented food products is carried out on a small scale in homes in every country. Fermented products are more palatable and are not as easily spoiled as the natural products. The microorganisms that produce the desirable changes may be the natural flora on the material to be fermented, or may be added as starter cultures. The yield of organic acids principally lactic, serve as a preserving agents. Lactic acid fermentation is an anaerobic intramolecular oxidation reduction process. Both homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria participate in food fermentations. In some fermented food products, yeasts and moulds also participate along with lactic acid bacteria. Most of the reactions in living organisms are catalyzed by protein molecules called enzymes. Enzymes can rightly be called the catalytic machinery of living systems. The real break through of enzymes occurred with the introduction of microbial proteases into detergents. Most of the enzymes are produced by microorganisms in submerged cultures in large reactors called fermentors. In choosing the production strain several aspects have to be considered. Industrial enzyme market is growing steadily. The reason for this lies in improved production efficiency resulting in cheaper enzymes, in new application fields. Tailoring enzymes for specific applications will be a future trend with continuously improving tools and understanding of structure-function relationships and increased search for enzymes from exotic environments. This field deals with how are the enzymes used and applied in practical processes. A lot of fungal, bacterial and actinomycete strains with potential for producing novel industrial enzymes have been identified. This book contains sterilization, fermentation processes, aeration and agitation, use of yeast, yeast production, fermentation raw materials, production of bacterial enzymes, bread making methods, effluent treatment, production of actinomycete protease, lactic acid, citric acid. This handbook will be very helpful to its readers who are just beginners in this field and will also find useful for upcoming entrepreneurs, existing industries, food technologist, technical institution etc.

The first three editions of Fungi and Food Spoilage established, then consolidated, a reputation as the leading book on foodborne fungi. It details media and methods for isolation and identification, descriptions of species, and information on their physiology, ecology and mycotoxin formation. It is an invaluable reference for food microbiologists investigating fungal food spoilage problems, both in field crops and processed foods, and the likelihood of mycotoxin production in either. The Fourth Edition incorporates major differences from the Third: multiple changes in nomenclature due to changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants; many taxonomic changes due to improvements in, and more widespread application of, molecular methods in taxonomy; the introduction of colour colony photographs where appropriate; and a new chapter on mycotoxins. The introductory chapters of the book deal with the ecology of food spoilage, and provide an overview of how food processing, packaging and storage parameters influence fungal growth. A subsequent chapter overviews the fundamentals of naming and classifying fungi. Morphological methods and media suitable for low cost and effective isolation, enumeration and identification of foodborne fungi are provided, together with many more specialised media and techniques. The major part of the book provides keys, descriptions and illustrations of all yeasts and filamentous fungi commonly encountered in foods. Other known characteristics of the species, including physiology and ecology are included. Chapters on the types and species of fungi likely to be found in fresh, harvested and variously processed foods are followed by a new chapter on mycotoxins, both major and minor, their sources, both fungal and food, and their implications for human health. The broad and practical nature of the coverage will appeal to microbiologists, mycologists and biotechnologists in the food industry, as well scientists in academic, research and public health institutions. Drs Pitt and Hocking worked for CSIRO Food for more than 100 years combined. Both are now retired from CSIRO: Dr Pitt continues to work part time with Microbial Screening Technologies, a biodiscovery company.